firmament

Who acts: God · What happens: call, fall, shine, set, give · To what, where: firmament, falling star, dark firmament, them, light · Speech: someone speaks here

«firmament» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: firmament in the Early Modern English dictionary.

Meaning 1

the sky or heavens, especially the sky full of stars.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 sky	det
2	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	or	or	CCONJ	_	4 heavens	cc
4	heavens	heaven	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 sky	conj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 sky	punct
6	especially	especially	ADV	_	8 sky	advmod
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 sky	det
8	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sky	conj
9	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 sky	amod
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 stars	case
11	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 full	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 sky	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 1

And God called the firmament Heaven.

From Torah GEN.1.8, JPS 1917.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	3 called	cc
2	God	God	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 called	nsubj
3	called	call	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 firmament	det
5	firmament	firmament	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 called	obj
6	Heaven	Heaven	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 firmament	appos
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 called	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	call	past	God	the firmament					vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent firmament=Recipient

Example 2

A falling star shone in the dark firmament.

From Andersen's Fairy Tales.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 star	det
2	falling	fall	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 star	amod
3	star	star	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	shone	shine	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 star	acl
5	in	in	ADP	_	8 firmament	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 firmament	det
7	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 firmament	amod
8	firmament	firmament	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 shone	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 star	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	gerund							vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	shine	participle		a falling star not said here		the dark firmament			vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in firmament=Location

Example 3

And God set them in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth,

From Torah GEN.1.17, JPS 1917.

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	3 set	cc
2	God	God	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 set	nsubj
3	set	set	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 set	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 firmament	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 firmament	det
7	firmament	firmament	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 set	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 heaven	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 heaven	det
10	heaven	heaven	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 firmament	nmod
11	to	to	PART	_	12 give	mark
12	give	give	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 set	advcl
13	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 give	obj
14	upon	upon	ADP	_	16 earth	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 earth	det
16	earth	earth	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 give	obl
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 set	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	set	past	God	them = they		the firmament of the heaven			vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme in firmament=Destination
2	give	to-infinitive	God not said here	light				upon the earth	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Theme

Text: the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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