troth

Who acts: solemn promise, old oath, Oonagh, I, they · What happens: be, mean, pledge, reply, bring, say · To what, where: old oath, faith, troth, you, she, one · Speech: someone speaks here

«troth» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: troth in the Early Modern English dictionary.

Meaning 1

A solemn promise or pledge of faith; "my troth" or "on my troth" is an old oath meaning truly.

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 promise	det
2	solemn	solemn	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 promise	amod
3	promise	promise	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 oath	nsubj
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 pledge	cc
5	pledge	pledge	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 promise	conj
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 faith	case
7	faith	faith	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 pledge	nmod
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	11 troth	punct
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	11 troth	punct
10	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 troth	nmod:poss
11	troth	troth	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 promise	conj
12	"	"	PUNCT	_	11 troth	punct
13	or	or	CCONJ	_	17 troth	cc
14	"	"	PUNCT	_	17 troth	punct
15	on	on	ADP	_	17 troth	case
16	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 troth	nmod:poss
17	troth	troth	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 troth	conj
18	"	"	PUNCT	_	17 troth	punct
19	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 oath	cop
20	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 oath	det
21	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 oath	amod
22	oath	oath	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
23	meaning	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	22 oath	acl
24	truly	truly	ADV	_	23 meaning	advmod
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	22 oath	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a solemn promise or pledge of faith and my troth or my troth	a old oath		tree rules
2	mean	gerund	a old oath not said here		truly property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
3	pledge			faith		nom pledge «possession transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Example 1

"Be easy, Fin," replied Oonagh; "troth, I'm ashamed of you.

From Celtic Fairy Tales.

The tree, 11 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 easy	punct
2	Be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	3 easy	cop
3	easy	easy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 replied	ccomp
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Fin	punct
5	Fin	Fin	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 easy	conj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 easy	punct
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 easy	punct
8	replied	reply	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	Oonagh	Oonagh	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 replied	nsubj
10	;	;	PUNCT	_	12 troth	punct
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 troth	punct
12	troth	troth	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 replied	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 ashamed	punct
14	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	16 ashamed	nsubj
15	'm	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 ashamed	cop
16	ashamed	ashamed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 troth	acl:relcl
17	of	of	ADP	_	18 you	case
18	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	16 ashamed	obl
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 replied	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	infinitive			easy property	tree rules
2	reply speech: assert	past	Oonagh	troth		vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	is in a quote	present	Oonagh	troth not said here	of you; ashamed property	tree rules

Example 2

"On my troth I will bring you to good water," says she.

From Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore.

The tree, 12 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 bring	punct
2	On	on	ADP	_	4 troth	case
3	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 troth	nmod:poss
4	troth	troth	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 bring	obl
5	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	7 bring	nsubj
6	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 bring	aux
7	bring	bring	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	14 says	ccomp
8	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 bring	obj
9	to	to	ADP	_	11 water	case
10	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 water	amod
11	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 bring	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 bring	punct
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 bring	punct
14	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
15	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 says	obj
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	14 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bring in a quote	future	I	you		my troth		to good water	vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent you=Theme on troth=Destination
2	say speech: assert	present		she					tree rules

Example 3

And when they were young they loved one another and plighted their troth.

From More English Fairy Tales.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	7 loved	cc
2	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	5 young	advmod
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 young	nsubj
4	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 young	cop
5	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 loved	obj
6	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 loved	nsubj
7	loved	love	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 loved	obj
9	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	8 one	fixed
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 plighted	cc
11	plighted	plight	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 loved	conj
12	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 troth	nmod:poss
13	troth	troth	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 plighted	obj
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 loved	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	past	they		young property	tree rules
2	love	past	they	one		vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer one=Stimulus
3	plight	participle	they not said here	their troth		tree rules

Text: the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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