📖 chiselWho acts: He, his, Chiselled, carpenter, Michelangelo, you · What happens: use, cut, shape, carve, chisell, name · To what, where: tool, wood, name, stone, face, someone
«chisel» in the English dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: chisel in the English dictionary .
Everyday, meaning 1 A tool with a flat, sharp metal end, used with a hammer or mallet to cut or shape wood, stone or metal.
The tree, 22 words det case det amod punct amod compound nmod punct acl case det obl cc conj mark acl cc conj obj punct conj cc conj punct root A DET tool NOUN with ADP a DET flat ADJ , PUNCT sharp ADJ metal NOUN end NOUN , PUNCT used VERB with ADP a DET hammer NOUN or CCONJ mallet NOUN to PART cut VERB or CCONJ shape VERB wood NOUN , PUNCT stone NOUN or CCONJ metal NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 tool det 2 tool tool NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 with with ADP _ 9 end case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 end det 5 flat flat ADJ Degree=Pos 9 end amod 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 flat punct 7 sharp sharp ADJ Degree=Pos 9 end amod 8 metal metal NOUN Number=Sing 9 end compound 9 end end NOUN Number=Sing 2 tool nmod 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 used punct 11 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 tool acl 12 with with ADP _ 14 hammer case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 hammer det 14 hammer hammer NOUN Number=Sing 11 used obl 15 or or CCONJ _ 16 mallet cc 16 mallet mallet NOUN Number=Sing 14 hammer conj 17 to to PART _ 18 cut mark 18 cut cut VERB VerbForm=Inf 16 mallet acl 19 or or CCONJ _ 20 shape cc 20 shape shape VERB VerbForm=Inf 18 cut conj 21 wood wood NOUN Number=Sing 20 shape obj 22 , , PUNCT _ 23 stone punct 23 stone stone NOUN Number=Sing 21 wood conj 24 or or CCONJ _ 25 metal cc 25 metal metal NOUN Number=Sing 21 wood conj 26 . . PUNCT _ 2 tool punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use participle a tool with a flat sharp metal end not said here with a hammer or mallet vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 cut to-infinitive vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer 3 shape infinitive wood and stone or metal vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset wood=Product
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Everyday, meaning 2 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
To cut or carve with a chisel: «He chiselled his name into the stone.».
The tree, 14 words mark cc conj case det obl punct punct nsubj advcl nmod:poss obj case det obl punct punct punct root To PART cut VERB or CCONJ carve VERB with ADP a DET chisel NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT He PRON chiselled VERB his PRON name NOUN into ADP the DET stone NOUN . PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 cut mark 2 cut cut VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 carve cc 4 carve carve VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 cut conj 5 with with ADP _ 7 chisel case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 chisel det 7 chisel chisel NOUN Number=Sing 4 carve obl 8 : : PUNCT _ 11 chiselled punct 9 « « PUNCT _ 11 chiselled punct 10 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 chiselled nsubj 11 chiselled chisell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 cut advcl 12 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 name nmod:poss 13 name name NOUN Number=Sing 11 chiselled obj 14 into into ADP _ 16 stone case 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 stone det 16 stone stone NOUN Number=Sing 11 chiselled obl 17 . . PUNCT _ 2 cut punct 18 » » PUNCT _ 2 cut punct 19 . . PUNCT _ 2 cut punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cut to-infinitive vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer 2 carve infinitive with a chisel vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 chisell in a quote past He his name the stone tree rules 4 name in a quote his = he nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Everyday, meaning 3 Usage: adjective form — kept apart, not parsed.
«Chiselled» features means a face with sharp, clear lines.
punct nsubj punct conj det obj case amod punct amod nmod punct root « PUNCT Chiselled PROPN » PUNCT features NOUN means VERB a DET face NOUN with ADP sharp ADJ , PUNCT clear ADJ lines NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Chiselled punct 2 Chiselled Chiselled PROPN Number=Sing 5 means nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Chiselled punct 4 features feature NOUN Number=Plur 2 Chiselled conj 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 face det 7 face face NOUN Number=Sing 5 means obj 8 with with ADP _ 12 lines case 9 sharp sharp ADJ Degree=Pos 12 lines amod 10 , , PUNCT _ 9 sharp punct 11 clear clear ADJ Degree=Pos 12 lines amod 12 lines line NOUN Number=Plur 7 face nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Chiselled and features a face with sharp clear lines vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent face=Topic
Everyday, meaning 4 Usage: old slang, US — kept apart, not parsed.
To cheat someone.
mark obj punct root To PART cheat VERB someone PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 cheat mark 2 cheat cheat VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 cheat obj 4 . . PUNCT _ 2 cheat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cheat to-infinitive someone vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Source
Example 1 The carpenter used a chisel to make a groove.
det nsubj det obj mark advcl det obj punct root The DET carpenter NOUN used VERB a DET chisel NOUN to PART make VERB a DET groove NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 carpenter det 2 carpenter carpenter NOUN Number=Sing 3 used nsubj 3 used use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 chisel det 5 chisel chisel NOUN Number=Sing 3 used obj 6 to to PART _ 7 make mark 7 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 used advcl 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 groove det 9 groove groove NOUN Number=Sing 7 make obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use past the carpenter a chisel vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chisel=Patient 2 make to-infinitive the carpenter not said here a groove vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset groove=Product
Example 2 Michelangelo carved marble with a chisel.
nsubj obj case det nmod punct root Michelangelo PROPN carved VERB marble NOUN with ADP a DET chisel NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Michelangelo Michelangelo PROPN Number=Sing 2 carved nsubj 2 carved carve VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 marble marble NOUN Number=Sing 2 carved obj 4 with with ADP _ 6 chisel case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 chisel det 6 chisel chisel NOUN Number=Sing 3 marble nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 carved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carve past Michelangelo marble with a chisel vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent marble=Patient with chisel=Instrument
Example 3 Always cut away from your body with a chisel.
advmod advmod case nmod:poss obl case det obl punct root Always ADV cut VERB away ADV from ADP your PRON body NOUN with ADP a DET chisel NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Always always ADV PronType=Tot 2 cut advmod 2 cut cut VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 away away ADV _ 2 cut advmod 4 from from ADP _ 6 body case 5 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 body nmod:poss 6 body body NOUN Number=Sing 2 cut obl 7 with with ADP _ 9 chisel case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 chisel det 9 chisel chisel NOUN Number=Sing 2 cut obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 cut punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cut away imperative you not said here your body with a chisel; always, away property vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source PP.instrument»: agent=Agent from body=Source with chisel=Instrument
Example 4 They chiselled the names into the war memorial.
nsubj det obj case det compound obl punct root They PRON chiselled VERB the DET names NOUN into ADP the DET war NOUN memorial NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 chiselled nsubj 2 chiselled chisell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 names det 4 names name NOUN Number=Plur 2 chiselled obj 5 into into ADP _ 8 memorial case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 memorial det 7 war war NOUN Number=Sing 8 memorial compound 8 memorial memorial NOUN Number=Sing 2 chiselled obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 chiselled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chisell past They the names the war memorial tree rules
Example 5 The stonemason tapped the chisel with a mallet.
det nsubj det obj case det obl punct root The DET stonemason NOUN tapped VERB the DET chisel NOUN with ADP a DET mallet NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 stonemason det 2 stonemason stonemason NOUN Number=Sing 3 tapped nsubj 3 tapped tap VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 chisel det 5 chisel chisel NOUN Number=Sing 3 tapped obj 6 with with ADP _ 8 mallet case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 mallet det 8 mallet mallet NOUN Number=Sing 3 tapped obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 tapped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tap past the stonemason the chisel with a mallet vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent chisel=Patient with mallet=Instrument
Example 6 The hero had a chiselled jaw.
det nsubj det amod obj punct root The DET hero NOUN had VERB a DET chiselled VERB jaw NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 hero det 2 hero hero NOUN Number=Sing 3 had nsubj 3 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 jaw det 5 chiselled chisell VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 jaw amod 6 jaw jaw NOUN Number=Sing 3 had obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past the hero a chiselled jaw vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent jaw=Patient 2 chisell participle tree rules
Example 7 Sometimes he would make a little statue of soft clay; sometimes he would take hammer and chisel, and try to cut a statue from a piece of rock.
The tree, 28 words advmod nsubj aux det amod obj case amod nmod punct advmod nsubj aux parataxis obj cc conj punct cc conj mark xcomp det obj case det obl case nmod punct root Sometimes ADV he PRON would AUX make VERB a DET little ADJ statue NOUN of ADP soft ADJ clay NOUN ; PUNCT sometimes ADV he PRON would AUX take VERB hammer NOUN and CCONJ chisel NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ try VERB to PART cut VERB a DET statue NOUN from ADP a DET piece NOUN of ADP rock NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sometimes sometimes ADV PronType=Ind 4 make advmod 2 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 make nsubj 3 would would AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 make aux 4 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 statue det 6 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 7 statue amod 7 statue statue NOUN Number=Sing 4 make obj 8 of of ADP _ 10 clay case 9 soft soft ADJ Degree=Pos 10 clay amod 10 clay clay NOUN Number=Sing 7 statue nmod 11 ; ; PUNCT _ 15 take punct 12 sometimes sometimes ADV PronType=Ind 15 take advmod 13 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 take nsubj 14 would would AUX VerbForm=Fin 15 take aux 15 take take VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 make parataxis 16 hammer hammer NOUN Number=Sing 15 take obj 17 and and CCONJ _ 18 chisel cc 18 chisel chisel NOUN Number=Sing 16 hammer conj 19 , , PUNCT _ 21 try punct 20 and and CCONJ _ 21 try cc 21 try try VERB VerbForm=Inf 15 take conj 22 to to PART _ 23 cut mark 23 cut cut VERB VerbForm=Inf 21 try xcomp 24 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 25 statue det 25 statue statue NOUN Number=Sing 23 cut obj 26 from from ADP _ 28 piece case 27 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 28 piece det 28 piece piece NOUN Number=Sing 23 cut obl 29 of of ADP _ 30 rock case 30 rock rock NOUN Number=Sing 28 piece nmod 31 . . PUNCT _ 4 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make would he a little statue of soft clay sometimes property vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent statue=Product 2 take would he hammer and chisel sometimes property vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hammer=Theme 3 try infinitive he not said here vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 4 cut not said to happen to-infinitive he not said here a statue a piece of rock vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset statue=Product from piece=Material
Text: the English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader, each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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