dung
Who acts: Dung, plants, dung beetle, Farmers, crops, Elephant dung · What happens: be, use, help, grow, dry, burn · To what, where: solid waste, Dung, farms, plants, places, ball · Speech: someone speaks here
«dung» in the English dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 14 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: dung in the English dictionary.
Everyday, meaning 1
Dung is the solid waste, or poo, of animals, especially large animals like cows, horses and elephants.
The tree, 17 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dung | dung | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 waste | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 waste | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 waste | det |
| 4 | solid | solid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 waste | amod |
| 5 | waste | waste | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 poo | punct |
| 7 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 8 poo | cc |
| 8 | poo | poo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 waste | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 animals | punct |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 animals | case |
| 11 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 waste | parataxis |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 animals | punct |
| 13 | especially | especially | ADV | _ | 15 animals | advmod |
| 14 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 animals | amod |
| 15 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 animals | nmod |
| 16 | like | like | ADP | _ | 17 cows | case |
| 17 | cows | cow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 animals | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 horses | punct |
| 19 | horses | horse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 cows | conj |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 elephants | cc |
| 21 | elephants | elephant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 cows | conj |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 waste | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Dung | the solid waste or poo | poo conj; animals large animals like cows and horses and elephants parataxis | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Everyday, meaning 2
Dung is used on farms as manure to help plants grow, and in some places it is dried and burned as fuel.
The tree, 22 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dung | dung | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 used | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 used | aux:pass |
| 3 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 5 farms | case |
| 5 | farms | farm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 used | obl |
| 6 | as | as | ADP | _ | 7 manure | case |
| 7 | manure | manure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 farms | nmod |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 help | mark |
| 9 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 used | advcl |
| 10 | plants | plant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 help | obj |
| 11 | grow | grow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 help | xcomp |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 dried | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 dried | cc |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 places | case |
| 15 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 16 places | det |
| 16 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 dried | obl |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 dried | nsubj |
| 18 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 dried | aux:pass |
| 19 | dried | dry | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 used | conj |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 burned | cc |
| 21 | burned | burn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 dried | conj |
| 22 | as | as | ADP | _ | 23 fuel | case |
| 23 | fuel | fuel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 burned | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 used | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | use | present · passive | Dung | farms as manure | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 2 | help | to-infinitive | plants | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent plant=Beneficiary clause=Theme | |||||
| 3 | grow | infinitive | plants not said here | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | dry | present · passive | Dung | some places | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result | ||||
| 5 | burn | participle | as fuel | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Example 1
The dung beetle rolled a ball of dung across the sand.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 beetle | det |
| 2 | dung | dung | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 beetle | compound |
| 3 | beetle | beetle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 rolled | nsubj |
| 4 | rolled | roll | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 ball | det |
| 6 | ball | ball | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 rolled | obj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 dung | case |
| 8 | dung | dung | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 ball | nmod |
| 9 | across | across | ADP | _ | 11 sand | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 sand | det |
| 11 | sand | sand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 rolled | obl |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 rolled | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | roll | past | the dung beetle | a ball of dung | the sand | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent ball=Theme across sand=Trajectory |
Example 2
Farmers spread cow dung on the fields to help crops grow.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Farmers | farmer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 spread | nsubj |
| 2 | spread | spread | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | cow | cow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 dung | compound |
| 4 | dung | dung | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 spread | obj |
| 5 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 fields | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 fields | det |
| 7 | fields | field | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 spread | obl |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 help | mark |
| 9 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 spread | advcl |
| 10 | crops | crop | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 help | obj |
| 11 | grow | grow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 help | xcomp |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 spread | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | spread | present | Farmers | cow dung | the fields | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent dung=Theme on field=Destination | |||
| 2 | help | to-infinitive | Farmers not said here | crops | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent crop=Beneficiary clause=Theme | ||||
| 3 | grow | infinitive | crops not said here | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Example 3
Elephant dung is full of seeds.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Elephant | elephant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 dung | compound |
| 2 | dung | dung | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 full | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 full | cop |
| 4 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 seeds | case |
| 6 | seeds | seed | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 full | obl |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 full | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Elephant dung | of seeds; full property | tree rules |
Example 4
In some villages dried dung is used as fuel.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 villages | case |
| 2 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 3 villages | det |
| 3 | villages | village | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 used | obl |
| 4 | dried | dry | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 dung | amod |
| 5 | dung | dung | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 used | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 used | aux:pass |
| 7 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | as | as | ADP | _ | 9 fuel | case |
| 9 | fuel | fuel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 used | obl |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 used | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dry | participle | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 2 | use | present · passive | dried dung | some villages | as fuel | vn spend_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Duration as fuel=Attribute |
Example 5
The smell of horse dung filled the stable.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 smell | det |
| 2 | smell | smell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 filled | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 dung | case |
| 4 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 dung | compound |
| 5 | dung | dung | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 smell | nmod |
| 6 | filled | fill | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 stable | det |
| 8 | stable | stable | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 filled | obj |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 filled | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fill | past | the smell of horse dung | the stable | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent stable=Patient | ||||
| 2 | smell | horse dung | nom smell «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |
Example 6
Scientists study dung to find out what animals eat.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Scientists | scientist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 study | nsubj |
| 2 | study | study | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | dung | dung | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 study | obj |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 find | mark |
| 5 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 study | advcl |
| 6 | out | out | ADP | _ | 5 find | compound:prt |
| 7 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 9 eat | obj |
| 8 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 eat | nsubj |
| 9 | eat | eat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 find | ccomp |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 study | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | study | present | Scientists | dung | vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dung=Topic | ||||
| 2 | find out | to-infinitive | Scientists not said here | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | eat | present | animals | what obj | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Patient |
Example 7
Watch out for the cow dung in the field!
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Watch | watch | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | out | out | ADP | _ | 1 Watch | compound:prt |
| 3 | for | for | ADP | _ | 6 dung | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 dung | det |
| 5 | cow | cow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 dung | compound |
| 6 | dung | dung | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Watch | obl |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 field | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 field | det |
| 9 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Watch | obl |
| 10 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 1 Watch | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | watch out | imperative | you not said here | the field | for the cow dung | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.theme NP.location»: agent=Agent for dung=Theme in field=Location |
Example 8
"Perhaps you came from a dung-heap," observed the oldest of them.
The tree, 12 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 came | punct |
| 2 | Perhaps | perhaps | ADV | _ | 4 came | advmod |
| 3 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 came | nsubj |
| 4 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | from | from | ADP | _ | 9 heap | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 heap | det |
| 7 | dung | dung | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 heap | compound |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 dung | punct |
| 9 | heap | heap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 came | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 observed | punct |
| 11 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 observed | punct |
| 12 | observed | observe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 came | conj |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 oldest | det |
| 14 | oldest | old | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 12 observed | ccomp |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 them | case |
| 16 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 oldest | nmod |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 came | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come in a quote | past | you | a dung heap | perhaps property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from heap=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | observe | past | you not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
Example 9
But the skin of the bullock, and all its flesh, with its head, and with its legs, and its inwards, and its dung, (Torah LEV.4.11, JPS 1917)
The tree, 27 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 3 skin | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 skin | det |
| 3 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 bullock | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 bullock | det |
| 6 | bullock | bullock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 skin | nmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 flesh | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 flesh | cc |
| 9 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 11 flesh | det:predet |
| 10 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 flesh | nmod:poss |
| 11 | flesh | flesh | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 skin | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 head | punct |
| 13 | with | with | ADP | _ | 15 head | case |
| 14 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 head | nmod:poss |
| 15 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 skin | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 legs | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 legs | cc |
| 18 | with | with | ADP | _ | 20 legs | case |
| 19 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 legs | nmod:poss |
| 20 | legs | leg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 skin | conj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 1917 | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 its | cc |
| 23 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 1917 | nmod:poss |
| 24 | inwards | inwards | ADV | _ | 23 its | advmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 1917 | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 1917 | cc |
| 27 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 dung | nmod:poss |
| 28 | dung | dung | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 1917 | nsubj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 LEV.4.11 | punct |
| 30 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 32 LEV.4.11 | punct |
| 31 | Torah | Torah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 LEV.4.11 | compound |
| 32 | LEV.4.11 | LEV.4.11 | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 dung | appos |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 JPS | punct |
| 34 | JPS | JPS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 LEV.4.11 | flat |
| 35 | 1917 | 1917 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 skin | appos |
| 36 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 35 1917 | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 10
And the heifer shall be burnt in his sight; her skin, and her flesh, and her blood, with her dung, shall be burnt. (Torah NUM.19.5, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: And the heifer shall be burnt in his sight; her skin, and her flesh, and her blood, with her dung, shall be burnt.
The tree, 23 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 burnt | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 heifer | det |
| 3 | heifer | heifer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 burnt | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 burnt | aux |
| 5 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 6 burnt | aux:pass |
| 6 | burnt | burnt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 sight | case |
| 8 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 sight | nmod:poss |
| 9 | sight | sight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 burnt | obl |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 skin | punct |
| 11 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 skin | nmod:poss |
| 12 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 burnt | parataxis |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 flesh | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 flesh | cc |
| 15 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 flesh | nmod:poss |
| 16 | flesh | flesh | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 skin | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 burnt | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 burnt | cc |
| 19 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 blood | nmod:poss |
| 20 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 burnt | nsubj:pass |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 dung | punct |
| 22 | with | with | ADP | _ | 24 dung | case |
| 23 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 dung | nmod:poss |
| 24 | dung | dung | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 blood | appos |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 blood | punct |
| 26 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 burnt | aux |
| 27 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 28 burnt | aux:pass |
| 28 | burnt | burnt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 skin | acl:relcl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 burnt | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | burnt | shall · passive | the heifer | heifer's sight | her skin and her flesh parataxis | tree rules | |||
| 2 | burnt | shall · passive | her skin and her flesh not said here | her blood | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | sight | heifer | nom sight «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |
Sentence 2: (Torah NUM.19.5, JPS 1917)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 3 NUM.19.5 | punct |
| 2 | Torah | Torah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 NUM.19.5 | compound |
| 3 | NUM.19.5 | NUM.19.5 | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 JPS | punct |
| 5 | JPS | JPS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 NUM.19.5 | conj |
| 6 | 1917 | 1917 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 5 JPS | flat |
| 7 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 3 NUM.19.5 | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 11
But the flesh of the bullock, and its skin, and its dung, shalt thou burn with fire without the camp; it is a sin-offering. (Torah EXO.29.14, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: But the flesh of the bullock, and its skin, and its dung, shalt thou burn with fire without the camp; it is a sin-offering.
The tree, 25 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 18 burn | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 flesh | det |
| 3 | flesh | flesh | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 burn | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 bullock | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 bullock | det |
| 6 | bullock | bullock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 flesh | nmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 burn | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 burn | cc |
| 9 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 skin | nmod:poss |
| 10 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 burn | nsubj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 dung | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 dung | cc |
| 13 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 dung | nmod:poss |
| 14 | dung | dung | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 skin | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 skin | punct |
| 16 | shalt | shall | AUX | Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin | 18 burn | aux |
| 17 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 18 burn | nsubj |
| 18 | burn | burn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 19 | with | with | ADP | _ | 20 fire | case |
| 20 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 burn | obl |
| 21 | without | without | ADP | _ | 23 camp | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 camp | det |
| 23 | camp | camp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 burn | obl |
| 24 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 offering | punct |
| 25 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 offering | nsubj |
| 26 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 offering | cop |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 offering | det |
| 28 | sin | sin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 offering | compound |
| 29 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 28 sin | punct |
| 30 | offering | offering | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 burn | parataxis |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 18 burn | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | burn | shall | the flesh of the bullock | with fire; without the camp; flesh's skin and flesh's dung nsubj; thou nsubj | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with fire=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | flesh | a sin offering | tree rules |
Sentence 2: (Torah EXO.29.14, JPS 1917)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 3 EXO.29.14 | punct |
| 2 | Torah | Torah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 EXO.29.14 | compound |
| 3 | EXO.29.14 | EXO.29.14 | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 JPS | punct |
| 5 | JPS | JPS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 EXO.29.14 | conj |
| 6 | 1917 | 1917 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 5 JPS | flat |
| 7 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 3 EXO.29.14 | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 12
Who were destroyed at En-dor; they became as dung for the earth. (Writings PSA.83.11, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: Who were destroyed at En-dor; they became as dung for the earth.
The tree, 13 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 3 destroyed | nsubj |
| 2 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 destroyed | aux:pass |
| 3 | destroyed | destroy | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | at | at | ADP | _ | 7 dor | case |
| 5 | En | En | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 dor | compound |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 5 En | punct |
| 7 | dor | dor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 destroyed | obl |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 10 became | punct |
| 9 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 became | nsubj |
| 10 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 destroyed | parataxis |
| 11 | as | as | ADP | _ | 12 dung | case |
| 12 | dung | dung | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 became | obl |
| 13 | for | for | ADP | _ | 15 earth | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 earth | det |
| 15 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 dung | nmod |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 destroyed | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | destroy | past · passive | En dor | Who nsubj | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 2 | become | past | they | as dung for the earth | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
Sentence 2: (Writings PSA.83.11, JPS 1917)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 2 Writings | punct |
| 2 | Writings | writing | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 3 | PSA.83.11 | PSA.83.11 | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Writings | appos |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 JPS | punct |
| 5 | JPS | JPS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 PSA.83.11 | flat |
| 6 | 1917 | 1917 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 PSA.83.11 | flat |
| 7 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 2 Writings | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 13
And I will cast detestable things upon thee, and make thee vile, and will make thee as dung. (Prophets NAM.3.6, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: And I will cast detestable things upon thee, and make thee vile, and will make thee as dung.
The tree, 18 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 cast | cc |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 cast | nsubj |
| 3 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 cast | aux |
| 4 | cast | cast | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | detestable | detestable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 things | amod |
| 6 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 cast | obj |
| 7 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 8 thee | case |
| 8 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 4 cast | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 make | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 make | cc |
| 11 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 cast | conj |
| 12 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 11 make | obj |
| 13 | vile | vile | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 make | xcomp |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 make | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 make | cc |
| 16 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 17 make | aux |
| 17 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 make | conj |
| 18 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 17 make | obj |
| 19 | as | as | ADP | _ | 20 dung | case |
| 20 | dung | dung | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 make | obl |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 cast | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cast | future | I | detestable things | thee | vn throw-17.1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent thing=Theme upon thou=Destination | |||
| 2 | make | infinitive | I not said here | thee | vile property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset thou=Product | |||
| 3 | make | future | I not said here | thee | as dung | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset thou=Product |
Sentence 2: (Prophets NAM.3.6, JPS 1917)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 2 Prophets | punct |
| 2 | Prophets | prophet | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 3 | NAM.3.6 | NAM.3.6 | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Prophets | appos |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 JPS | punct |
| 5 | JPS | JPS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 NAM.3.6 | flat |
| 6 | 1917 | 1917 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 NAM.3.6 | flat |
| 7 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 2 Prophets | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 14
Yet he shall perish for ever like his own dung; they that have seen him shall say: 'Where is he?' (Writings JOB.20.7, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: Yet he shall perish for ever like his own dung; they that have seen him shall say: 'Where is he?'
The tree, 20 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yet | yet | CCONJ | _ | 4 perish | cc |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 perish | nsubj |
| 3 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 perish | aux |
| 4 | perish | perish | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | for | for | ADP | _ | 6 ever | case |
| 6 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 4 perish | obl |
| 7 | like | like | ADP | _ | 10 dung | case |
| 8 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 dung | nmod:poss |
| 9 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 dung | amod |
| 10 | dung | dung | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 perish | obl |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 seen | punct |
| 12 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 seen | nsubj |
| 13 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 15 seen | nsubj |
| 14 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 seen | aux |
| 15 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 18 say | advcl |
| 16 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 seen | obj |
| 17 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 18 say | aux |
| 18 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 perish | parataxis |
| 19 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 21 Where | punct |
| 20 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 21 Where | punct |
| 21 | Where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 18 say | ccomp |
| 22 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 Where | cop |
| 23 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 Where | nsubj |
| 24 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 perish | punct |
| 25 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 4 perish | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | perish | shall | he | like his own dung | vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 2 | see | present · perfect | they | him = he | that nsubj | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | say speech: assert | shall | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | is | present | he | where property | tree rules |
Sentence 2: (Writings JOB.20.7, JPS 1917)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 2 Writings | punct |
| 2 | Writings | writing | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 3 | JOB.20.7 | JOB.20.7 | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Writings | appos |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 JPS | punct |
| 5 | JPS | JPS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 JOB.20.7 | flat |
| 6 | 1917 | 1917 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 JOB.20.7 | flat |
| 7 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 2 Writings | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Text: the English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader, each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/english/D/dung/