📖 refrainWho acts: people, comment, you, Passengers, Everyone, poem · What happens: stop, do, refrain, talk, repeat, keep · To what, where: yourself, something, poem, part, comment, old usage · Speech: someone speaks here
«refrain» in the English dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 15 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: refrain in the English dictionary .
Everyday, meaning 1 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
To stop yourself from doing something: please refrain from talking.
mark obj mark advcl obj punct discourse acl:relcl mark advcl punct root To PART stop VERB yourself PRON from SCONJ doing VERB something PRON : PUNCT please INTJ refrain VERB from SCONJ talking VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 stop mark 2 stop stop VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 yourself yourself PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 2 stop obj 4 from from SCONJ _ 5 doing mark 5 doing do VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 stop advcl 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 doing obj 7 : : PUNCT _ 9 refrain punct 8 please please INTJ _ 9 refrain discourse 9 refrain refrain VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 something acl:relcl 10 from from SCONJ _ 11 talking mark 11 talking talk VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 9 refrain advcl 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 stop punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stop to-infinitive yourself vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality yourself=Eventuality 2 do gerund something vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality 3 refrain infinitive vn refrain-69 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 talk gerund vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Everyday, meaning 2 Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.
The part of a song or poem that is repeated, the chorus.
det case det nmod cc conj nsubj:pass aux:pass acl:relcl punct det conj punct root The DET part NOUN of ADP a DET song NOUN or CCONJ poem NOUN that PRON is AUX repeated VERB , PUNCT the DET chorus NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 part det 2 part part NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 of of ADP _ 5 song case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 song det 5 song song NOUN Number=Sing 2 part nmod 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 poem cc 7 poem poem NOUN Number=Sing 5 song conj 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 10 repeated nsubj:pass 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 repeated aux:pass 10 repeated repeat VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 poem acl:relcl 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 chorus punct 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 chorus det 13 chorus chorus NOUN Number=Sing 2 part conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 part punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 repeat present · passive poem vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality
Everyday, meaning 3 Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.
A comment or complaint that people keep repeating.
det cc conj obj nsubj acl:relcl xcomp punct root A DET comment NOUN or CCONJ complaint NOUN that PRON people NOUN keep VERB repeating VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 comment det 2 comment comment NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 complaint cc 4 complaint complaint NOUN Number=Sing 2 comment conj 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 keep obj 6 people people NOUN Number=Plur 7 keep nsubj 7 keep keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 comment acl:relcl 8 repeating repeat VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 keep xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 comment punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep present people a comment or complaint tree rules 2 repeat gerund a comment or complaint not said here vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
Early Modern English, meaning 1 To stop yourself from doing something; to hold back; in old usage also used with "himself".
The tree, 16 words mark advcl obj mark advcl obj punct mark advmod punct case amod obl advmod parataxis case punct obl punct punct root To PART stop VERB yourself PRON from SCONJ doing VERB something PRON ; PUNCT to PART hold VERB back ADV ; PUNCT in ADP old ADJ usage NOUN also ADV used VERB with ADP " PUNCT himself PRON " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 stop mark 2 stop stop VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 hold advcl 3 yourself yourself PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 2 stop obj 4 from from SCONJ _ 5 doing mark 5 doing do VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 stop advcl 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 doing obj 7 ; ; PUNCT _ 9 hold punct 8 to to PART _ 9 hold mark 9 hold hold VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 10 back back ADV _ 9 hold advmod 11 ; ; PUNCT _ 16 used punct 12 in in ADP _ 14 usage case 13 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 14 usage amod 14 usage usage NOUN Number=Sing 16 used obl 15 also also ADV _ 16 used advmod 16 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 hold parataxis 17 with with ADP _ 19 himself case 18 " " PUNCT _ 19 himself punct 19 himself himself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 16 used obl 20 " " PUNCT _ 16 used punct 21 . . PUNCT _ 9 hold punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stop to-infinitive yourself vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality yourself=Eventuality 2 do gerund something vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality 3 hold back to-infinitive vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 use participle old usage with himself = he vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 Please refrain from running in the corridors.
discourse mark advcl case det obl punct root Please INTJ refrain VERB from SCONJ running VERB in ADP the DET corridors NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Please please INTJ _ 2 refrain discourse 2 refrain refrain VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 from from SCONJ _ 4 running mark 4 running run VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 refrain advcl 5 in in ADP _ 7 corridors case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 corridors det 7 corridors corridor NOUN Number=Plur 4 running obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 refrain punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 refrain imperative you not said here vn refrain-69 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 run gerund you not said here the corridors vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in corridor=Trajectory
Example 2 Passengers must refrain from smoking.
nsubj aux case obl punct root Passengers NOUN must AUX refrain VERB from ADP smoking NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Passengers passenger NOUN Number=Plur 3 refrain nsubj 2 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 refrain aux 3 refrain refrain VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 from from ADP _ 5 smoking case 5 smoking smoking NOUN Number=Sing 3 refrain obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 refrain punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 refrain must Passengers smoking vn refrain-69 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent from smoking=Eventuality
Example 3 Everyone joined in the refrain of the song.
nsubj case det obl case det nmod punct root Everyone PRON joined VERB in ADP the DET refrain NOUN of ADP the DET song NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Everyone everyone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 2 joined nsubj 2 joined join VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 5 refrain case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 refrain det 5 refrain refrain NOUN Number=Sing 2 joined obl 6 of of ADP _ 8 song case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 song det 8 song song NOUN Number=Sing 5 refrain nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 joined punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 join past Everyone in the refrain of the song vn cooperate-73.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in refrain=Theme
Example 4 The poem has a refrain at the end of each verse.
det nsubj det obj case det nmod case det nmod punct root The DET poem NOUN has VERB a DET refrain NOUN at ADP the DET end NOUN of ADP each DET verse NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 poem det 2 poem poem NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 refrain det 5 refrain refrain NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 6 at at ADP _ 8 end case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 end det 8 end end NOUN Number=Sing 5 refrain nmod 9 of of ADP _ 11 verse case 10 each each DET PronType=Tot 11 verse det 11 verse verse NOUN Number=Sing 8 end nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the poem a refrain at the end of each verse vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent refrain=Patient
Example 5 I refrained from laughing at his joke.
nsubj mark advcl case nmod:poss obl punct root I PRON refrained VERB from SCONJ laughing VERB at ADP his PRON joke NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 refrained nsubj 2 refrained refrain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 from from SCONJ _ 4 laughing mark 4 laughing laugh VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 refrained advcl 5 at at ADP _ 7 joke case 6 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 joke nmod:poss 7 joke joke NOUN Number=Sing 4 laughing obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 refrained punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 refrain past I vn refrain-69 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 laugh gerund I not said here his joke vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 joke his = he nom joke «communication intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 6 «Are we there yet?» was the children's constant refrain.
punct cop nsubj advmod punct punct cop det nmod:poss case amod nsubj punct root « PUNCT Are AUX we PRON there ADV yet ADV ? PUNCT » PUNCT was AUX the DET children NOUN 's PART constant ADJ refrain NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 4 there punct 2 Are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 there cop 3 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 there nsubj 4 there there ADV PronType=Dem root root 5 yet yet ADV _ 4 there advmod 6 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 there punct 7 » » PUNCT _ 4 there punct 8 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 there cop 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 children det 10 children child NOUN Number=Plur 13 refrain nmod:poss 11 's 's PART _ 10 children case 12 constant constant ADJ Degree=Pos 13 refrain amod 13 refrain refrain NOUN Number=Sing 4 there nsubj 14 . . PUNCT _ 4 there punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is in a quote present we yet the children's constant refrain nsubj ; there property tree rules
Example 7 Every verse ended with this refrain,--
det nsubj case det obl punct punct root Every DET verse NOUN ended VERB with ADP this DET refrain NOUN , PUNCT -- PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Every every DET PronType=Tot 2 verse det 2 verse verse NOUN Number=Sing 3 ended nsubj 3 ended end VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 with with ADP _ 6 refrain case 5 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 6 refrain det 6 refrain refrain NOUN Number=Sing 3 ended obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 6 refrain punct 8 -- -- PUNCT _ 3 ended punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 end past every verse with this refrain vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality PP.subeventuality»: agent=Affector with refrain=Subeventuality
Example 8 And he washed his face, and came out; and he refrained himself, and said: 'Set on bread.' (Torah GEN.43.31, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: And he washed his face, and came out; and he refrained himself, and said: 'Set on bread.'
The tree, 17 words cc nsubj advcl nmod:poss obj punct cc conj advmod punct cc nsubj conj obj punct cc punct punct ccomp case obl punct punct root And CCONJ he PRON washed VERB his PRON face NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ came VERB out ADV ; PUNCT and CCONJ he PRON refrained VERB himself PRON , PUNCT and CCONJ said VERB : PUNCT ' PUNCT Set VERB on ADP bread NOUN . PUNCT ' PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 And and CCONJ _ 3 washed cc 2 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 washed nsubj 3 washed wash VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 17 said advcl 4 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 face nmod:poss 5 face face NOUN Number=Sing 3 washed obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 came punct 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 came cc 8 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 washed conj 9 out out ADV _ 8 came advmod 10 ; ; PUNCT _ 13 refrained punct 11 and and CCONJ _ 13 refrained cc 12 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 refrained nsubj 13 refrained refrain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 washed conj 14 himself himself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 13 refrained obj 15 , , PUNCT _ 17 said punct 16 and and CCONJ _ 17 said cc 17 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 18 : : PUNCT _ 20 Set punct 19 ' ' PUNCT _ 20 Set punct 20 Set set VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 17 said ccomp 21 on on ADP _ 22 bread case 22 bread bread NOUN Number=Sing 20 Set obl 23 . . PUNCT _ 20 Set punct 24 ' ' PUNCT _ 20 Set punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wash past he his face vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent face=Patient 2 come out past he not said here out property vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient 3 refrain past he himself = he tree rules 4 say speech: assert past vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 5 set participle bread vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent on bread=Destination
Sentence 2: (Torah GEN.43.31, JPS 1917)
punct compound punct conj flat punct root ( PUNCT Torah PROPN GEN.43.31 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 3 GEN.43.31 punct 2 Torah Torah PROPN Number=Sing 3 GEN.43.31 compound 3 GEN.43.31 GEN.43.31 PROPN Number=Sing root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 JPS punct 5 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 3 GEN.43.31 conj 6 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 JPS flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 3 GEN.43.31 punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 9 Then Joseph could not refrain himself before all them that stood by him; and he cried: 'Cause every man to go out from me.' And there stood no man with him, while Joseph made himself known unto his brethren. (Torah GEN.45.1, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: Then Joseph could not refrain himself before all them that stood by him; and he cried: 'Cause every man to go out from me.'
The tree, 24 words advmod nsubj aux advmod obj case obl nsubj nsubj acl:relcl case obl punct cc nsubj parataxis punct punct conj det obj mark xcomp advmod case obl punct punct root Then ADV Joseph PROPN could AUX not PART refrain VERB himself PRON before ADP all DET them PRON that PRON stood VERB by ADP him PRON ; PUNCT and CCONJ he PRON cried VERB : PUNCT ' PUNCT Cause VERB every DET man NOUN to PART go VERB out ADV from ADP me PRON . PUNCT ' PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Then then ADV PronType=Dem 5 refrain advmod 2 Joseph Joseph PROPN Number=Sing 5 refrain nsubj 3 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 refrain aux 4 not not PART Polarity=Neg 5 refrain advmod 5 refrain refrain VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 himself himself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 5 refrain obj 7 before before ADP _ 8 all case 8 all all DET PronType=Tot 5 refrain obl 9 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 stood nsubj 10 that that PRON PronType=Rel 11 stood nsubj 11 stood stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 all acl:relcl 12 by by ADP _ 13 him case 13 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 stood obl 14 ; ; PUNCT _ 17 cried punct 15 and and CCONJ _ 17 cried cc 16 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 17 cried nsubj 17 cried cry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 refrain parataxis 18 : : PUNCT _ 20 Cause punct 19 ' ' PUNCT _ 20 Cause punct 20 Cause cause VERB VerbForm=Inf 17 cried conj 21 every every DET PronType=Tot 22 man det 22 man man NOUN Number=Sing 20 Cause obj 23 to to PART _ 24 go mark 24 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf 20 Cause xcomp 25 out out ADV _ 24 go advmod 26 from from ADP _ 27 me case 27 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 24 go obl 28 . . PUNCT _ 5 refrain punct 29 ' ' PUNCT _ 5 refrain punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not refrain could Joseph Joseph before all; then tree rules 2 stand past them = they by Joseph vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by he=Location 3 cry speech: express past Joseph vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 cause infinitive Joseph not said here every man tree rules 5 go out to-infinitive every man not said here from me; out property vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Sentence 2: And there stood no man with him, while Joseph made himself known unto his brethren.
The tree, 15 words cc expl det obj case nmod punct mark nsubj conj obj xcomp case nmod:poss obl punct root And CCONJ there PRON stood VERB no DET man NOUN with ADP him PRON , PUNCT while SCONJ Joseph PROPN made VERB himself PRON known VERB unto ADP his PRON brethren NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 And and CCONJ _ 3 stood cc 2 there there PRON PronType=Dem 3 stood expl 3 stood stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 no no DET PronType=Neg 5 man det 5 man man NOUN Number=Sing 3 stood obj 6 with with ADP _ 7 him case 7 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 man nmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 11 made punct 9 while while SCONJ _ 11 made mark 10 Joseph Joseph PROPN Number=Sing 11 made nsubj 11 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 stood conj 12 himself himself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 11 made obj 13 known know VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 11 made xcomp 14 unto unto ADP _ 16 brethren case 15 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 16 brethren nmod:poss 16 brethren brethren NOUN Number=Sing 13 known obl 17 . . PUNCT _ 3 stood punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stand past no man there with man vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer man=Stimulus 2 make past Joseph Joseph tree rules 3 know participle Joseph not said here unto Joseph's brethren vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Sentence 3: (Torah GEN.45.1, JPS 1917)
punct compound punct conj flat punct root ( PUNCT Torah PROPN GEN.45.1 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 3 GEN.45.1 punct 2 Torah Torah PROPN Number=Sing 3 GEN.45.1 compound 3 GEN.45.1 GEN.45.1 PROPN Number=Sing root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 JPS punct 5 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 3 GEN.45.1 conj 6 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 JPS flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 3 GEN.45.1 punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 10 Wilt Thou refrain Thyself for these things, O LORD? (Prophets ISA.64.11, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: Wilt Thou refrain Thyself for these things, O LORD?
aux nsubj obj case det obl punct discourse nmod punct root Wilt AUX Thou PRON refrain VERB Thyself PRON for ADP these DET things NOUN , PUNCT O INTJ LORD PROPN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wilt will AUX Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin 3 refrain aux 2 Thou thou PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch 3 refrain nsubj 3 refrain refrain VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 Thyself thyself PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes Style=Arch 3 refrain obj 5 for for ADP _ 7 things case 6 these this DET Number=Plur PronType=Dem 7 things det 7 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 3 refrain obl 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 LORD punct 9 O o INTJ _ 10 LORD discourse 10 LORD LORD PROPN Number=Sing 7 things nmod 11 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 refrain punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 refrain future Thou Thyself for this things LORD tree rules
Sentence 2: (Prophets ISA.64.11, JPS 1917)
punct appos punct flat flat punct root ( PUNCT Prophets NOUN ISA.64.11 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Prophets punct 2 Prophets prophet NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 ISA.64.11 ISA.64.11 PROPN Number=Sing 2 Prophets appos 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 JPS punct 5 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 3 ISA.64.11 flat 6 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 ISA.64.11 flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Prophets punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 11 The princes refrained talking, and laid their hand on their mouth; (Writings JOB.29.9, JPS 1917)
The tree, 15 words det nsubj xcomp punct cc conj nmod:poss obj case nmod:poss obl punct punct obl appos punct flat flat punct root The DET princes NOUN refrained VERB talking VERB , PUNCT and CCONJ laid VERB their PRON hand NOUN on ADP their PRON mouth NOUN ; PUNCT ( PUNCT Writings NOUN JOB.29.9 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 princes det 2 princes prince NOUN Number=Plur 3 refrained nsubj 3 refrained refrain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 talking talk VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 refrained xcomp 5 , , PUNCT _ 7 laid punct 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 laid cc 7 laid lay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 refrained conj 8 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 hand nmod:poss 9 hand hand NOUN Number=Sing 7 laid obj 10 on on ADP _ 12 mouth case 11 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 12 mouth nmod:poss 12 mouth mouth NOUN Number=Sing 7 laid obl 13 ; ; PUNCT _ 15 Writings punct 14 ( ( PUNCT _ 15 Writings punct 15 Writings writing NOUN Number=Plur 3 refrained obl 16 JOB.29.9 JOB.29.9 PROPN Number=Sing 15 Writings appos 17 , , PUNCT _ 18 JPS punct 18 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 16 JOB.29.9 flat 19 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 16 JOB.29.9 flat 20 ) ) PUNCT _ 16 JOB.29.9 punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 refrain past the princes Writings tree rules 2 talk gerund the princes not said here vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 lay past the princes not said here princes's hand princes's mouth vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent hand=Theme on mouth=Destination
Example 12 I have refrained my feet from every evil way, in order that I might observe Thy word. (Writings PSA.119.101, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: I have refrained my feet from every evil way, in order that I might observe Thy word.
The tree, 17 words nsubj aux nmod:poss obj case det amod obl punct case obl nsubj nsubj aux acl:relcl nmod:poss obj punct root I PRON have AUX refrained VERB my PRON feet NOUN from ADP every DET evil ADJ way NOUN , PUNCT in ADP order NOUN that PRON I PRON might AUX observe VERB Thy PRON word NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 refrained nsubj 2 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 refrained aux 3 refrained refrain VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 feet nmod:poss 5 feet foot NOUN Number=Plur 3 refrained obj 6 from from ADP _ 9 way case 7 every every DET PronType=Tot 9 way det 8 evil evil ADJ Degree=Pos 9 way amod 9 way way NOUN Number=Sing 3 refrained obl 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 order punct 11 in in ADP _ 12 order case 12 order order NOUN Number=Sing 3 refrained obl 13 that that PRON PronType=Rel 16 observe nsubj 14 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 16 observe nsubj 15 might might AUX VerbForm=Fin 16 observe aux 16 observe observe VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 order acl:relcl 17 Thy thy PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch 18 word nmod:poss 18 word word NOUN Number=Sing 16 observe obj 19 . . PUNCT _ 3 refrained punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 refrain present · perfect I my feet every evil way in order tree rules 2 observe might order Thy word I nsubj vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent word=Topic 3 word Thy nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Sentence 2: (Writings PSA.119.101, JPS 1917)
punct appos punct flat flat punct root ( PUNCT Writings NOUN PSA.119.101 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Writings punct 2 Writings writing NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 PSA.119.101 PSA.119.101 PROPN Number=Sing 2 Writings appos 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 JPS punct 5 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 3 PSA.119.101 flat 6 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 PSA.119.101 flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Writings punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 13 And he washed his face, and came out; and he refrained himself, and said: 'Set on bread.'
From Torah GEN.43.31, JPS 1917.
The tree, 17 words cc nsubj advcl nmod:poss obj punct cc conj advmod punct cc nsubj conj obj punct cc punct punct ccomp case obl punct punct root And CCONJ he PRON washed VERB his PRON face NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ came VERB out ADV ; PUNCT and CCONJ he PRON refrained VERB himself PRON , PUNCT and CCONJ said VERB : PUNCT ' PUNCT Set VERB on ADP bread NOUN . PUNCT ' PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 And and CCONJ _ 3 washed cc 2 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 washed nsubj 3 washed wash VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 17 said advcl 4 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 face nmod:poss 5 face face NOUN Number=Sing 3 washed obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 came punct 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 came cc 8 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 washed conj 9 out out ADV _ 8 came advmod 10 ; ; PUNCT _ 13 refrained punct 11 and and CCONJ _ 13 refrained cc 12 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 refrained nsubj 13 refrained refrain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 washed conj 14 himself himself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 13 refrained obj 15 , , PUNCT _ 17 said punct 16 and and CCONJ _ 17 said cc 17 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 18 : : PUNCT _ 20 Set punct 19 ' ' PUNCT _ 20 Set punct 20 Set set VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 17 said ccomp 21 on on ADP _ 22 bread case 22 bread bread NOUN Number=Sing 20 Set obl 23 . . PUNCT _ 20 Set punct 24 ' ' PUNCT _ 20 Set punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wash past he his face vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent face=Patient 2 come out past he not said here out property vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient 3 refrain past he himself = he tree rules 4 say speech: assert past vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 5 set participle bread vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent on bread=Destination
Example 14 Every verse ended with this refrain,--
From Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen.
det nsubj case det obl punct punct root Every DET verse NOUN ended VERB with ADP this DET refrain NOUN , PUNCT -- PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Every every DET PronType=Tot 2 verse det 2 verse verse NOUN Number=Sing 3 ended nsubj 3 ended end VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 with with ADP _ 6 refrain case 5 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 6 refrain det 6 refrain refrain NOUN Number=Sing 3 ended obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 6 refrain punct 8 -- -- PUNCT _ 3 ended punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 end past every verse with this refrain vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality PP.subeventuality»: agent=Affector with refrain=Subeventuality
Example 15 Then Joseph could not refrain himself before all them that stood by him; and he cried: 'Cause every man to go out from me.' And there stood no man with him, while Joseph made himself known unto his brethren.
From Torah GEN.45.1, JPS 1917.
Sentence 1: Then Joseph could not refrain himself before all them that stood by him; and he cried: 'Cause every man to go out from me.'
The tree, 24 words advmod nsubj aux advmod obj case obl nsubj nsubj acl:relcl case obl punct cc nsubj parataxis punct punct conj det obj mark xcomp advmod case obl punct punct root Then ADV Joseph PROPN could AUX not PART refrain VERB himself PRON before ADP all DET them PRON that PRON stood VERB by ADP him PRON ; PUNCT and CCONJ he PRON cried VERB : PUNCT ' PUNCT Cause VERB every DET man NOUN to PART go VERB out ADV from ADP me PRON . PUNCT ' PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Then then ADV PronType=Dem 5 refrain advmod 2 Joseph Joseph PROPN Number=Sing 5 refrain nsubj 3 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 refrain aux 4 not not PART Polarity=Neg 5 refrain advmod 5 refrain refrain VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 himself himself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 5 refrain obj 7 before before ADP _ 8 all case 8 all all DET PronType=Tot 5 refrain obl 9 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 stood nsubj 10 that that PRON PronType=Rel 11 stood nsubj 11 stood stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 all acl:relcl 12 by by ADP _ 13 him case 13 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 stood obl 14 ; ; PUNCT _ 17 cried punct 15 and and CCONJ _ 17 cried cc 16 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 17 cried nsubj 17 cried cry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 refrain parataxis 18 : : PUNCT _ 20 Cause punct 19 ' ' PUNCT _ 20 Cause punct 20 Cause cause VERB VerbForm=Inf 17 cried conj 21 every every DET PronType=Tot 22 man det 22 man man NOUN Number=Sing 20 Cause obj 23 to to PART _ 24 go mark 24 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf 20 Cause xcomp 25 out out ADV _ 24 go advmod 26 from from ADP _ 27 me case 27 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 24 go obl 28 . . PUNCT _ 5 refrain punct 29 ' ' PUNCT _ 5 refrain punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not refrain could Joseph Joseph before all; then tree rules 2 stand past them = they by Joseph vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by he=Location 3 cry speech: express past Joseph vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 cause infinitive Joseph not said here every man tree rules 5 go out to-infinitive every man not said here from me; out property vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Sentence 2: And there stood no man with him, while Joseph made himself known unto his brethren.
The tree, 15 words cc expl det obj case nmod punct mark nsubj conj obj xcomp case nmod:poss obl punct root And CCONJ there PRON stood VERB no DET man NOUN with ADP him PRON , PUNCT while SCONJ Joseph PROPN made VERB himself PRON known VERB unto ADP his PRON brethren NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 And and CCONJ _ 3 stood cc 2 there there PRON PronType=Dem 3 stood expl 3 stood stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 no no DET PronType=Neg 5 man det 5 man man NOUN Number=Sing 3 stood obj 6 with with ADP _ 7 him case 7 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 man nmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 11 made punct 9 while while SCONJ _ 11 made mark 10 Joseph Joseph PROPN Number=Sing 11 made nsubj 11 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 stood conj 12 himself himself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 11 made obj 13 known know VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 11 made xcomp 14 unto unto ADP _ 16 brethren case 15 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 16 brethren nmod:poss 16 brethren brethren NOUN Number=Sing 13 known obl 17 . . PUNCT _ 3 stood punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stand past no man there with man vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer man=Stimulus 2 make past Joseph Joseph tree rules 3 know participle Joseph not said here unto Joseph's brethren vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Text: the English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader, each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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