📖 S — The English dictionary · page 110

subsequently — Everyday, meaning 1: (formal) Afterwards; later; after something that has just been mentioned.↗ Example: She bought 10 sweets and subsequently ate 3.↗ · He broke his leg and was subsequently taken to hospital.↗ · The castle burned down and was subsequently rebuilt.↗ · The plan was subsequently changed.↗ · The dog ran away and was subsequently found in the park.↗ · Sam saved 20 dollars and subsequently spent half of it.↗ · The precise meanings of these subdivisions will be subsequently explored in chapters 3, 4, and 5.↗ (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)↗ · These three mothers enclose a mighty mystery, most occult and most marvelous, sealed as with six rings, and from them proceed primeval Fire, Water, and Air; these are subsequently differentiated into male and female.↗ (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)↗

subside — Everyday, meaning 1: To subside is to become weaker, calmer or less strong: the storm subsided, the pain subsided.↗ Everyday, meaning 2: When water subsides, it goes down to a lower level: the flood waters subsided.↗ Everyday, meaning 3: When land or a building subsides, it sinks lower into the ground.↗ Example: After an hour, the storm began to subside.↗ · The flood waters subsided and people went home.↗ · Her fever subsided after she took the medicine.↗ · Wait until the pain subsides before you walk on your ankle.↗ · The laughter subsided when the teacher came in.↗ · The old house had subsided, so the doors no longer shut.↗ · The wind subsided, and the boat sailed on.↗ · No sooner had he said this to himself than the storm began to subside.↗

subsidence — Everyday, meaning 1: Subsidence is when the ground slowly sinks lower, which can crack buildings, roads and walls.↗ Everyday, meaning 2: Subsidence can also mean a thing such as a flood, storm or feeling dying down.↗ Example: Subsidence caused big cracks in the wall of the old house.↗ · The road was closed because of subsidence.↗ · Old coal mines can cause subsidence above them.↗ · Dry summers can shrink clay soil and lead to subsidence.↗ · The surveyor checked the house for subsidence.↗ · Pumping out too much groundwater can cause subsidence.↗ · After the subsidence of the floodwater, people went home.↗

subsist — Everyday, meaning 1: (formal) To subsist is to stay alive, often with very little food or money: they subsisted on bread and water.↗ Everyday, meaning 2: (formal) To subsist is also to continue to exist: the old custom still subsists.↗ Example: The castaways subsisted on fish and coconuts.↗ · During the long winter the family subsisted on potatoes.↗ · Many families once subsisted by farming small fields.↗ · He subsisted on very little money.↗ · Birds can subsist on seeds in winter.↗ · Subsistence farmers grow just enough food to eat.↗

subsistence — Everyday, meaning 1: Subsistence is having just enough food, water and money to stay alive, with nothing extra.↗ Everyday, meaning 2: Subsistence farming is growing just enough food to feed your own family, not to sell.↗ Everyday, meaning 3: (formal, money) Subsistence can mean money paid to cover basic living costs like meals when away for work.↗ Example: Many families in the past lived on subsistence farming.↗ · Subsistence farmers grow food mainly to eat, not to sell.↗ · Their wages were barely enough for subsistence.↗ · In geography we compared subsistence and commercial farming.↗ · Fishing was the village's means of subsistence.↗ · Dad gets a subsistence allowance when he works away.↗ · A poor blind Brahman and his wife were dependent on their son for their subsistence.↗

subsoil — Everyday, meaning 1: Subsoil is the layer of soil under the top layer (topsoil); it has less humus, is often harder, and lies above the rock.↗ Example: The subsoil is lighter in colour than the topsoil.↗ · Deep roots grow down into the subsoil.↗ · The builders dug through the subsoil to the rock.↗ · Our garden has a heavy clay subsoil.↗ · Worms are fewer in the subsoil than in the topsoil.↗ · Draw the layers: topsoil, subsoil and bedrock.↗

substance — Everyday, meaning 1: A material or kind of matter with particular qualities, like a sticky substance, or a chemical substance such as water, salt or iron.↗ Everyday, meaning 2: The most important part or real meaning of something: the substance of the story.↗ Everyday, meaning 3: Something solid and real, not just talk: there was no substance to the rumour.↗ Example: Water is a substance that can be a solid, a liquid or a gas.↗ · A strange green substance oozed out of the tube.↗ · Never taste an unknown substance.↗ · Cleaning products contain harmful substances.↗ · Salt and sugar are both white substances, but they taste different.↗ · Mixing two substances can make a new substance.↗ · The teacher said my essay had good substance.↗ · There was no substance to the rumour.↗ · The spade struck against a hard substance; it was a stone, that shone dazzling white.↗ · and also that nation, whom they shall serve, will I judge; and afterward shall they come out with great substance.↗ (Torah GEN.15.14, JPS 1917)↗ · Shall not their cattle and their substance and all their beasts be ours? only let us consent unto them, and they will dwell with us.'↗ (Torah GEN.34.23, JPS 1917)↗ · For their substance was too great for them to dwell together; and the land of their sojournings could not bear them because of their cattle.↗ (Torah GEN.36.7, JPS 1917)↗ · All these were the rulers of the substance which was king David's.↗ (Writings 1CH.27.31, JPS 1917)↗ · 'Surely their substance is cut off, and their abundance the fire hath consumed.'↗ (Writings JOB.22.20, JPS 1917)↗ · We shall find all precious substance, we shall fill our houses with spoil; (Writings PRO.1.13, JPS 1917)↗

substantial — Everyday, meaning 1: Large in amount, size or importance.↗ Everyday, meaning 2: Strong, solid and well made.↗ Everyday, meaning 3: (of a meal) Big and filling.↗ Example: (formal) There was a substantial rise in the number of visitors.↗ · She won a substantial amount of money in the competition.↗ · We had a substantial lunch before the long walk.↗ · The house is old but substantial and well built.↗ · The new playground made a substantial difference to the school.↗ · (formal) The results show a substantial improvement.↗ · The storm caused substantial damage to the roof.↗ · The substantial truth of his statements has been confirmed by later criticism and inquiry.↗ · He frustrateth the devices of the crafty, so that their hands can perform nothing substantial.↗ (Writings JOB.5.12, JPS 1917)↗

substantially — Everyday, meaning 1: (formal) Substantially means by a large amount, a lot: prices rose substantially.↗ Everyday, meaning 2: (formal) Substantially can mean mainly or in most ways: the two stories are substantially the same.↗ Example: The new bridge is substantially longer than the old one.↗ · Our class raised substantially more money this year.↗ · Prices have risen substantially.↗ · The plan was substantially changed after the meeting.↗ · Her reading has improved substantially.↗ · The two pictures are substantially the same, with only small differences.↗ · In it the letters have substantially their English sound.↗

substantiating — Everyday, meaning 1: Substantiating means proving that something is true by giving facts or evidence (formal).↗ Everyday, meaning 2: As an adjective, substantiating describes evidence or facts that support a claim (formal).↗ Example: The scientist is substantiating her idea with careful tests.↗ · The police need substantiating evidence before they arrest anyone.↗ · He had trouble substantiating his story.↗ · Substantiating a rumour means checking the facts.↗ · Your essay should include substantiating examples.↗ · The detective spent a week substantiating the witness's claims.↗

substation — Everyday, meaning 1: A substation is a place, often fenced in, with large electrical equipment that changes electricity so it can be sent to homes, schools and shops.↗ Everyday, meaning 2: A substation can also be a small branch office, like a police substation.↗ Example: A substation turns very high voltage into safer voltage for homes.↗ · Never go inside a substation fence.↗ · Our ball went over the fence into the substation, so we called an adult.↗ · The lights went out when the substation was hit by lightning.↗ · There is a small substation at the end of our street.↗ · The sign on the substation says «Danger: keep out».↗

substitute — Everyday, meaning 1: A substitute is a person or thing used instead of another.↗ Everyday, meaning 2: In sport a substitute (a «sub») is a player who comes on to replace another player.↗ Everyday, meaning 3: To substitute is to put one thing in the place of another.↗ Everyday, meaning 4: A substitute teacher is a teacher who takes a class when the usual teacher is away (USA: substitute teacher; UK: supply teacher; Australia: relief teacher).↗ Example: We had a substitute teacher today.↗ · He came on as a substitute in the second half.↗ · You can substitute honey for sugar in this recipe.↗ · Substitute 4 for x: 2 × 4 = 8.↗ · There is no substitute for practice.↗ · The sub scored the winning goal.↗ · She substituted a pencil for the broken pen.↗ · He therefore insisted on Heracles substituting two more labours in their place.↗

substitution — Everyday, meaning 1: A substitution is putting one person or thing in the place of another.↗ Everyday, meaning 2: (sport) A substitution is when a player is taken off and another player comes on.↗ Everyday, meaning 3: (maths) Substitution means replacing a letter in an expression or formula with a number, to work out its value.↗ Everyday, meaning 4: (cooking) A substitution is using a different ingredient instead of the one in the recipe.↗ Example: The coach made a substitution at half-time.↗ · By substitution, if x = 4, then 3x = 12.↗ · Use substitution to check your answer to the equation.↗ · We used honey as a substitution for sugar.↗ · In a substitution cipher, A might become D and B might become E.↗ · Two substitutions changed the whole match.↗ · Substitution of the ingredients made the cake taste different.↗ · The Kabalistic principles involved in the reversal of Hebrew letters, and their substitution by others, on definite schemes, should also be studied and borne in mind.↗ (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)↗

substrate — Everyday, meaning 1: (science) A substrate is the surface or material that something grows on or lives on, such as soil, sand, rock or a fish tank's gravel.↗ Everyday, meaning 2: (science) In chemistry and biology, a substrate is the substance that an enzyme acts on and changes.↗ Everyday, meaning 3: (technology) A substrate is a base layer that something else is built on, like the material under a computer chip.↗ Example: The stream's substrate was gravel and pebbles.↗ · Mussels attach themselves to a rocky substrate.↗ · We put sand as the substrate in the fish tank.↗ · Mushrooms grow on a substrate of wood or straw.↗ · Each enzyme works on its own substrate.↗ · The gecko's tank needs a safe substrate.↗

subsurface — Everyday, meaning 1: Subsurface means lying or happening just below a surface, such as under the ground, the sea or the skin.↗ Everyday, meaning 2: The subsurface is the layer under the surface.↗ Example: Scientists think Europa has a subsurface ocean under its ice.↗ · Subsurface water feeds the well.↗ · The robot scanned the subsurface for old pipes.↗ · Subsurface rock can be studied with drills.↗ · The bruise was a subsurface injury under the skin.↗ · Geologists mapped the subsurface before the tunnel was dug.↗

subterranean — Everyday, meaning 1: Subterranean means underground, below the surface of the earth.↗ Everyday, meaning 2: (formal) It can also mean hidden or secret.↗ Example: Moles live in subterranean tunnels.↗ · The cave had a subterranean river.↗ · Explorers found a subterranean city in Turkey.↗ · Some ants build huge subterranean nests.↗ · The London Underground is a subterranean railway.↗ · Blind fish swim in subterranean lakes.↗ · The story was set in a subterranean kingdom.↗ · When Thumbling saw that they were gone, he crept back out of the subterranean passage.↗

subtitle — Everyday, meaning 1: Subtitles are words shown at the bottom of a film or TV screen to translate what people say or to write it down for people who cannot hear it.↗ Everyday, meaning 2: A subtitle is a second, smaller title of a book or article that gives more detail.↗ Everyday, meaning 3: To subtitle a film is to add subtitles to it.↗ Example: We watched a Japanese cartoon with English subtitles.↗ · Turn on the subtitles so Grandad can follow the film.↗ · Reading subtitles helps me learn French.↗ · The book's title is «Space» and its subtitle is «A Journey to the Stars».↗ · The film was subtitled in twelve languages.↗ · The subtitles were too fast for my little sister.↗ · Write a title and a subtitle for your science report.↗

subtle — Everyday, meaning 1: Subtle means very small, delicate or hard to notice.↗ Everyday, meaning 2: Subtle means clever in a quiet, sly way, good at thinking of tricks.↗ Early Modern English, meaning 1: Clever in a sly, tricky way, able to fool others without them noticing.↗ Example: The hare was subtle and clever.↗ · There was a subtle smell of smoke.↗ · Her smile was so subtle that I almost missed it.↗ · Now the serpent was more subtle than any beast of the field which the LORD God had made.↗ (Torah GEN.3.1, JPS 1917)↗ · With the pure Thou dost show myself pure; and with the crooked Thou dost show Thyself subtle.↗ (Prophets 2SA.22.27, JPS 1917)↗ · With the pure Thou dost show Thyself pure; and with the crooked Thou dost show Thyself subtle.↗ (Writings PSA.18.27, JPS 1917)↗ · But Amnon had a friend, whose name was Jonadab, the son of Shimeah David's brother; and Jonadab was a very subtle man.↗ (Prophets 2SA.13.3, JPS 1917)↗ · Now the serpent was more subtle than any beast of the field which the LORD God had made.↗ (Torah GEN.3.1, JPS 1917) · The subtle characterisation of the various occupations reaches a high level of artistic merit.↗ (More English Fairy Tales) · Was it not rather that he should not henceforth see Burd Janet?--a subtle touch of jealousy.↗ (More English Fairy Tales)