sorrowful

Who acts: puppy, we, She, It, He, sorrowful music · What happens: feel, show, cause, give, leave, sing · To what, where: great sadness, sadness, sorrowful look, sorrowful song, sorrowful day, school · Speech: someone speaks here

«sorrowful» in the English dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: sorrowful in the English dictionary.

Everyday, meaning 1

Feeling or showing great sadness.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Feeling	feel	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	or	or	CCONJ	_	3 showing	cc
3	showing	show	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Feeling	conj
4	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 sadness	amod
5	sadness	sadness	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 showing	obj
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Feeling	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	feel	gerund							vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
2	show	gerund		great sadness					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent sadness=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Everyday, meaning 2

Causing sadness.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Causing	cause	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	sadness	sadness	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Causing	obj
3	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Causing	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause	gerund		sadness					vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition sadness=Patient

Example 1

The puppy gave a sorrowful look when we left.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 puppy	det
2	puppy	puppy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gave	nsubj
3	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 look	det
5	sorrowful	sorrowful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 look	amod
6	look	look	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gave	obj
7	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	9 left	advmod
8	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	9 left	nsubj
9	left	leave	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 gave	advcl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 gave	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	past	the puppy	a sorrowful look					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent look=Theme
2	leave	past	we						vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 2

She sang a sorrowful song about a lost love.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sang	nsubj
2	sang	sing	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 song	det
4	sorrowful	sorrowful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 song	amod
5	song	song	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sang	obj
6	about	about	ADP	_	9 love	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 love	det
8	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 love	amod
9	love	love	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 song	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 sang	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sing speech: express	past	She	a sorrowful song				about a lost love	vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location song=Theme
2	lose	participle							vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 3

It was a sorrowful day when our school closed.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 day	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 day	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 day	det
4	sorrowful	sorrowful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 day	amod
5	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	when	when	SCONJ	_	9 closed	mark
7	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 school	nmod:poss
8	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 closed	nsubj:pass
9	closed	close	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 day	advcl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 day	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	It	a sorrowful day					tree rules
2	close	participle · passive		our school					vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Example 4

He shook his head sorrowfully.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 shook	nsubj
2	shook	shake	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 head	nmod:poss
4	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 shook	obj
5	sorrowfully	sorrowfully	ADV	_	2 shook	advmod
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 shook	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shake	past	He	his head				sorrowfully property	vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent head=Patient

Example 5

The sorrowful music made Mum cry.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 music	det
2	sorrowful	sorrowful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 music	amod
3	music	music	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 made	nsubj
4	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	Mum	Mum	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 made	obj
6	cry	cry	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 made	xcomp
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past	the sorrowful music	Mum					tree rules
2	cry speech: express	infinitive	Mum not said here						vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 6

Catholics pray the Sorrowful Mysteries of the rosary.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Catholics	Catholic	PROPN	Number=Plur	2 pray	nsubj
2	pray	pray	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Mysteries	det
4	Sorrowful	Sorrowful	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 Mysteries	compound
5	Mysteries	Mystery	PROPN	Number=Plur	2 pray	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 rosary	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 rosary	det
8	rosary	rosary	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 Mysteries	nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 pray	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pray	present	Catholics	the Sorrowful Mysteries of the rosary					tree rules

Example 7

‘Alas!’ sighed the youth, ‘I am very sorrowful.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	‘	'	PUNCT	_	5 sighed	punct
2	Alas	alas	INTJ	_	5 sighed	discourse
3	!	!	PUNCT	_	2 Alas	punct
4	’	'	PUNCT	_	5 sighed	punct
5	sighed	sigh	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 youth	det
7	youth	youth	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sighed	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 sorrowful	punct
9	‘	'	PUNCT	_	13 sorrowful	punct
10	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	13 sorrowful	nsubj
11	am	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 sorrowful	cop
12	very	very	ADV	_	13 sorrowful	advmod
13	sorrowful	sorrowful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 sighed	conj
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 sighed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sigh	past		the youth					vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent youth=Topic
2	is	present	I					sorrowful property	tree rules

Example 8

And Hannah answered and said: 'No, my lord, I am a woman of a sorrowful spirit; I have drunk neither wine nor strong drink, but I poured out my soul before the LORD. (Prophets 1SA.1.15, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: And Hannah answered and said: 'No, my lord, I am a woman of a sorrowful spirit; I have drunk neither wine nor strong drink, but I poured out my soul before the LORD.

The tree, 33 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	3 answered	cc
2	Hannah	Hannah	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 answered	nsubj
3	answered	answer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 said	cc
5	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 answered	conj
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	11 lord	punct
7	'	'	PUNCT	_	11 lord	punct
8	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	11 lord	discourse
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 lord	punct
10	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 lord	nmod:poss
11	lord	lord	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 said	ccomp
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 woman	punct
13	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	16 woman	nsubj
14	am	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 woman	cop
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 woman	det
16	woman	woman	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 lord	appos
17	of	of	ADP	_	20 spirit	case
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 spirit	det
19	sorrowful	sorrowful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 spirit	amod
20	spirit	spirit	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 woman	nmod
21	;	;	PUNCT	_	24 drunk	punct
22	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	24 drunk	nsubj
23	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 drunk	aux
24	drunk	drink	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	3 answered	ccomp
25	neither	neither	DET	PronType=Neg	26 wine	det
26	wine	wine	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 drunk	obj
27	nor	nor	CCONJ	Polarity=Neg	29 drink	cc
28	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 drink	amod
29	drink	drink	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 wine	conj
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 poured	punct
31	but	but	CCONJ	_	33 poured	cc
32	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	33 poured	nsubj
33	poured	pour	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 answered	parataxis
34	out	out	ADP	_	33 poured	compound:prt
35	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	36 soul	nmod:poss
36	soul	soul	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 poured	obj
37	before	before	ADP	_	39 LORD	case
38	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	39 LORD	det
39	LORD	LORD	PROPN	Number=Sing	33 poured	obl
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 answered	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	answer speech: assert	past	Hannah				tree rules
2	say speech: assert	past	Hannah not said here			my lord ccomp	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	is a	present	I	a woman		of a sorrowful spirit	tree rules
4	drink	present · perfect	I	neither wine nor strong drink			vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wine=Patient
5	pour out	past	I	my soul	before the LORD		vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent soul=Patient

Sentence 2: (Prophets 1SA.1.15, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	1SA.1.15	1SA.1.15	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 Prophets	flat
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 1917	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 1917	nmod:unmarked
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 1SA.1.15	conj
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader, each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/english/S/sorrowful/

📖 sorrowful

Everyday, meaning 1

Everyday, meaning 2

Example 1

Example 2

Example 3

Example 4

Example 5

Example 6

Example 7

Example 8

sorrowful