studied

Who acts: We, She, her, detective, He, Scientists · What happens: study, be, learn, read, practise, look · To what, where: Studied past, study, purpose, water cycle, footprints, map

«studied» in the English dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: studied in the English dictionary.

Everyday, meaning 1

Studied is the past of study: learned about something, read or practised to learn it.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Studied	study	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 past	amod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 past	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 past	det
4	past	past	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 study	case
6	study	study	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 past	nmod
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	8 learned	punct
8	learned	learn	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 past	parataxis
9	about	about	ADP	_	10 something	case
10	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	8 learned	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 read	punct
12	read	read	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 something	acl
13	or	or	CCONJ	_	14 practised	cc
14	practised	practise	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 learned	conj
15	to	to	PART	_	16 learn	mark
16	learn	learn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	14 practised	advcl
17	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 learn	obj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 past	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	study	participle			vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present	the Studied past	of study	tree rules
3	learn	participle		about something	vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about something=Topic
4	read	infinitive			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	practise	participle			tree rules
6	learn	to-infinitive	study		vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Everyday, meaning 2

Studied can mean looked at something carefully for a long time.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Studied	study	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 looked	advcl
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 looked	aux
3	mean	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 looked	aux:pass
4	looked	look	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 something	case
6	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	4 looked	obl
7	carefully	carefully	ADV	_	6 something	advmod
8	for	for	ADP	_	11 time	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 time	det
10	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 time	amod
11	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 looked	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 looked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	study	participle							vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	look	can · passive					time	at something	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: at something=Theme

Everyday, meaning 3

As a rare adjective, studied means done on purpose and carefully planned, not natural.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	As	as	ADP	_	4 adjective	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 adjective	det
3	rare	rare	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 adjective	amod
4	adjective	adjective	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 means	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 adjective	punct
6	studied	study	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 means	nsubj
7	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	done	do	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 means	xcomp
9	on	on	ADP	_	10 purpose	case
10	purpose	purpose	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 done	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 planned	cc
12	carefully	carefully	ADV	_	13 planned	advmod
13	planned	plan	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 done	conj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 natural	punct
15	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	16 natural	advmod
16	natural	natural	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 planned	conj
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	where	other	roles by
1	study	past			vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	mean	present		as a rare adjective	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	do not said to happen	participle	purpose		vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	plan	participle		carefully property	vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent

Example 1

We studied the water cycle last term.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 studied	nsubj
2	studied	study	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 cycle	det
4	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 cycle	compound
5	cycle	cycle	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 studied	obj
6	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 term	amod
7	term	term	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 studied	obl:unmarked
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 studied	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	study	past	We	the water cycle				last term obl:unmarked	vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cycle=Topic

Example 2

She studied hard for her spelling test.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 studied	nsubj
2	studied	study	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	hard	hard	ADV	Degree=Pos	2 studied	advmod
4	for	for	ADP	_	7 test	case
5	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 test	nmod:poss
6	spelling	spelling	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 test	compound
7	test	test	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 studied	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 studied	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	study	past	She					for her spelling test; hard property	vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent for test=Attribute
2	test		her = she						nom test «cognition transitive»: poss=agent

Example 3

The detective studied the footprints.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 detective	det
2	detective	detective	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 studied	nsubj
3	studied	study	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 footprints	det
5	footprints	footprint	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 studied	obj
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 studied	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	study	past	the detective	the footprints					vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent footprint=Topic

Example 4

He studied the map before the hike.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 studied	nsubj
2	studied	study	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 map	det
4	map	map	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 studied	obj
5	before	before	ADP	_	7 hike	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 hike	det
7	hike	hike	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 studied	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 studied	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	study	past	He	the map			before the hike		vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent map=Topic

Example 5

Scientists have studied whales for many years.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 studied	nsubj
2	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 studied	aux
3	studied	study	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	whales	whale	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 studied	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 years	case
6	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 years	amod
7	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 studied	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 studied	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	study	present · perfect	Scientists	whales			year		vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whale=Topic

Example 6

I studied the menu but couldn't choose.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 studied	nsubj
2	studied	study	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 menu	det
4	menu	menu	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 studied	obj
5	but	but	CCONJ	_	8 choose	cc
6	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 choose	aux
7	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 choose	advmod
8	choose	choose	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 studied	conj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 studied	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	study	past	I	the menu					vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent menu=Topic
2	not choose	could	I not said here						vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Example 7

Have you studied your times tables?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 studied	aux
2	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	3 studied	nsubj
3	studied	study	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 tables	nmod:poss
5	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 tables	compound
6	tables	table	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 studied	obj
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 studied	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	study	present · perfect	you	your times tables					vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent table=Topic

Example 8

In the evening the Marionette studied by lamplight.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 evening	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 evening	det
3	evening	evening	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 studied	obl
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Marionette	det
5	Marionette	Marionette	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 studied	nsubj
6	studied	study	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	by	by	ADP	_	8 lamplight	case
8	lamplight	lamplight	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 studied	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 studied	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	study	past	the Marionette				evening	by lamplight	vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 9

The Kabalistic principles involved in the reversal of Hebrew letters, and their substitution by others, on definite schemes, should also be studied and borne in mind. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

Sentence 1: The Kabalistic principles involved in the reversal of Hebrew letters, and their substitution by others, on definite schemes, should also be studied and borne in mind.

The tree, 26 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 principles	det
2	Kabalistic	kabalistic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 principles	amod
3	principles	principle	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 involved	nsubj
4	involved	involved	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 reversal	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 reversal	det
7	reversal	reversal	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 involved	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 letters	case
9	Hebrew	hebrew	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 letters	amod
10	letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 reversal	nmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 studied	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 studied	cc
13	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 substitution	nmod:poss
14	substitution	substitution	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 studied	nsubj:pass
15	by	by	ADP	_	16 others	case
16	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 substitution	nmod
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 schemes	punct
18	on	on	ADP	_	20 schemes	case
19	definite	definite	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 schemes	amod
20	schemes	scheme	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 substitution	conj
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 substitution	punct
22	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	25 studied	aux
23	also	also	ADV	_	25 studied	advmod
24	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	25 studied	aux:pass
25	studied	study	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 involved	conj
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 borne	cc
27	borne	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	25 studied	conj
28	in	in	ADP	_	29 mind	case
29	mind	mind	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 borne	obl
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 involved	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	study	should · passive		principles's substitution by others and definite schemes		vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic
2	bear	participle			mind	vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer
4	reverse			Hebrew letters		nom reversal «act transitive»: of=patient
5	substitute		principles = principle			nom substitution «event intransitive»: poss=agent

Sentence 2: (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	flat
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Westcott	punct
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	conj
6	1893	1893	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 Westcott	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 10

To obtain the full value of this Treatise, it should be studied hand in hand with Hermetic Rituals, the " Isiac Tablet ", and with a complete set of the Tarot designs. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

Sentence 1: To obtain the full value of this Treatise, it should be studied hand in hand with Hermetic Rituals, the " Isiac Tablet ", and with a complete set of the Tarot designs.

The tree, 30 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 obtain	mark
2	obtain	obtain	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 studied	advcl
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 value	det
4	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 value	amod
5	value	value	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 obtain	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 Treatise	case
7	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	8 Treatise	det
8	Treatise	treatise	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 value	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 obtain	punct
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 studied	nsubj:pass
11	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 studied	aux
12	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	13 studied	aux:pass
13	studied	study	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
14	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 studied	obj
15	in	in	ADP	_	16 hand	case
16	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 studied	obl
17	with	with	ADP	_	19 Rituals	case
18	Hermetic	hermetic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 Rituals	amod
19	Rituals	ritual	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 studied	obl
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 Tablet	punct
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 Tablet	det
22	"	"	PUNCT	_	24 Tablet	punct
23	Isiac	Isiac	PROPN	Number=Sing	24 Tablet	compound
24	Tablet	Tablet	PROPN	Number=Sing	19 Rituals	appos
25	"	"	PUNCT	_	24 Tablet	punct
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 set	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	31 set	cc
28	with	with	ADP	_	31 set	case
29	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	31 set	det
30	complete	complete	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 set	amod
31	set	set	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 studied	obl
32	of	of	ADP	_	35 designs	case
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 designs	det
34	Tarot	tarot	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 designs	compound
35	designs	design	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 set	nmod
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	13 studied	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	obtain	to-infinitive	the full value of this Treatise			vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset value=Theme
2	study	should · passive	value	hand	with Hermetic Rituals; with a complete set of the Tarot designs	vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP.attribute»: subject=Theme hand=Attribute
3	value		this Treatise			nom value «cognition transitive»: of=patient

Sentence 2: (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	flat
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Westcott	punct
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	conj
6	1893	1893	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 Westcott	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 11

I am One I created the Sefer Yetzirah, and studied it. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

Sentence 1: I am One I created the Sefer Yetzirah, and studied it.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 One	nsubj
2	am	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 One	cop
3	One	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 created	nsubj
4	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	5 created	nsubj
5	created	create	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Yetzirah	det
7	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 Yetzirah	compound
8	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 created	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 studied	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 studied	cc
11	studied	study	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 created	conj
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 studied	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 created	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	I	One		tree rules
2	create	past	One	the Sefer Yetzirah	I nsubj	vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent yetzirah=Result
3	study	past	One not said here	Yetzirah		vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic

Sentence 2: (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

The tree, 12 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Mordell	punct
2	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Origin	punct
4	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Origin	det
5	Origin	Origin	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Mordell	appos
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 Letters	case
7	Letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 Origin	nmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 Numerals	cc
9	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 Letters	conj
10	according	accord	VERB	ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 Sefer	case
11	to	to	ADP	_	10 according	fixed
12	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Mordell	nmod
13	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Sefer	flat
14	(	(	PUNCT	_	15 1914	punct
15	1914	1914	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 Mordell	list
16	))	))	PUNCT	_	2 Mordell	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	accord	gerund							vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent

Text: the English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader, each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/english/S/studied/

📖 studied

Everyday, meaning 1

Everyday, meaning 2

Everyday, meaning 3

Example 1

Example 2

Example 3

Example 4

Example 5

Example 6

Example 7

Example 8

Example 9

Example 10

Example 11

studied