already Who acts: you, souls, seventy souls, Joseph, manuscript variant, I · What happens: mean, expect, be, come out, know, begin · To what, where: loins, Egypt, book, third century, manuscript variant, present edition · Speech: someone speaks here
«already» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 17 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: already in the Judaism dictionary .
Meaning 1 Already means before now, or before a certain time.
advmod case obl punct cc case det amod parataxis punct root Already ADV means VERB before ADP now ADV , PUNCT or CCONJ before ADP a DET certain ADJ time NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Already already ADV _ 2 means advmod 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 before before ADP _ 4 now case 4 now now ADV PronType=Dem 2 means obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 10 time punct 6 or or CCONJ _ 10 time cc 7 before before ADP _ 10 time case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 time det 9 certain certain ADJ Degree=Pos 10 time amod 10 time time NOUN Number=Sing 2 means parataxis 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Already means sooner than expected: «Are you finished already?».
advmod advmod mark advcl punct punct cop nsubj conj advmod punct punct punct root Already ADV means VERB sooner ADV than SCONJ expected VERB : PUNCT « PUNCT Are AUX you PRON finished VERB already ADV ? PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Already already ADV _ 2 means advmod 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 sooner soon ADV Degree=Cmp 2 means advmod 4 than than SCONJ _ 5 expected mark 5 expected expect VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 sooner advcl 6 : : PUNCT _ 2 means punct 7 « « PUNCT _ 10 finished punct 8 Are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 finished cop 9 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 10 finished nsubj 10 finished finish VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 means conj 11 already already ADV _ 10 finished advmod 12 ? ? PUNCT _ 10 finished punct 13 » » PUNCT _ 10 finished punct 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present soon property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 2 expect participle vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 3 is in a quote present you finish property tree rules
Example 1 And all the souls that came out of the loins of Jacob were seventy souls; and Joseph was in Egypt already. (Torah EXO.1.5, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: And all the souls that came out of the loins of Jacob were seventy souls; and Joseph was in Egypt already.
The tree, 21 words cc det:predet det nsubj nsubj case case det obl case nmod acl amod nsubj punct cc nsubj cop case obl advmod punct root And CCONJ all DET the DET souls NOUN that PRON came VERB out ADP of ADP the DET loins NOUN of ADP Jacob PROPN were VERB seventy ADJ souls NOUN ; PUNCT and CCONJ Joseph PROPN was AUX in ADP Egypt PROPN already ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 And and CCONJ _ 6 came cc 2 all all DET PronType=Tot 4 souls det:predet 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 souls det 4 souls soul NOUN Number=Plur 6 came nsubj 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 6 came nsubj 6 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 out out ADP _ 10 loins case 8 of of ADP _ 10 loins case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 loins det 10 loins loin NOUN Number=Plur 6 came obl 11 of of ADP _ 12 Jacob case 12 Jacob Jacob PROPN Number=Sing 10 loins nmod 13 were be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 loins acl 14 seventy seventy ADJ Degree=Pos 15 souls amod 15 souls soul NOUN Number=Plur 13 were nsubj 16 ; ; PUNCT _ 21 Egypt punct 17 and and CCONJ _ 21 Egypt cc 18 Joseph Joseph PROPN Number=Sing 21 Egypt nsubj 19 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 21 Egypt cop 20 in in ADP _ 21 Egypt case 21 Egypt Egypt PROPN Number=Sing 6 came obl 22 already already ADV _ 6 came advmod 23 . . PUNCT _ 6 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come out past all souls the loins of Jacob vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient loin=Result 2 be past seventy souls the loins of Jacob not said here vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot loin=Theme 3 is past Joseph Egypt tree rules
Sentence 2: (Torah EXO.1.5, JPS 1917)
punct compound punct conj flat punct root ( PUNCT Torah PROPN EXO.1.5 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 3 EXO.1.5 punct 2 Torah Torah PROPN Number=Sing 3 EXO.1.5 compound 3 EXO.1.5 EXO.1.5 PROPN Number=Sing root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 JPS punct 5 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 3 EXO.1.5 conj 6 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 JPS flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 3 EXO.1.5 punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 2 Hence this book was known already in the second or at the beginning of the third century of the Christian Era. (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
Sentence 1: Hence this book was known already in the second or at the beginning of the third century of the Christian Era.
The tree, 21 words advmod det nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod case det obl cc case det conj case det amod nmod case det flat nmod punct root Hence ADV this DET book NOUN was AUX known VERB already ADV in ADP the DET second ADJ or CCONJ at ADP the DET beginning NOUN of ADP the DET third ADJ century NOUN of ADP the DET Christian PROPN Era PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hence hence ADV _ 5 known advmod 2 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 3 book det 3 book book NOUN Number=Sing 5 known nsubj:pass 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 known aux:pass 5 known know VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 already already ADV _ 5 known advmod 7 in in ADP _ 9 second case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 second det 9 second second ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 5 known obl 10 or or CCONJ _ 13 beginning cc 11 at at ADP _ 13 beginning case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 beginning det 13 beginning beginning NOUN Number=Sing 9 second conj 14 of of ADP _ 17 century case 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 century det 16 third third ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 17 century amod 17 century century NOUN Number=Sing 13 beginning nmod 18 of of ADP _ 21 Era case 19 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 21 Era det 20 Christian Christian PROPN _ 21 Era flat 21 Era Era PROPN Number=Sing 17 century nmod 22 . . PUNCT _ 5 known punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 know past · passive this book in the second or the beginning of the third century of the Christian Era; hence property vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus 2 begin the third century of the Christian Era nom beginning «event transitive»: of=patient
Sentence 2: (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
punct flat punct conj flat punct root ( PUNCT Sefer PROPN Yetzirah PROPN , PUNCT Kalisch PROPN 1877 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct 2 Sefer Sefer PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 Yetzirah Yetzirah PROPN Number=Sing 2 Sefer flat 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 Kalisch punct 5 Kalisch Kalisch PROPN Number=Sing 2 Sefer conj 6 1877 1877 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 Kalisch flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 3 However, the manuscript variant found in the present edition is certainly old, appearing already in the oldest extant versions of the SY in the commentary of Saadia Gaon. (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)
Sentence 1: However, the manuscript variant found in the present edition is certainly old, appearing already in the oldest extant versions of the SY in the commentary of Saadia Gaon.
The tree, 28 words advmod punct det amod nsubj acl case det amod obl cop advmod punct advcl advmod case det amod amod obl case det nmod case det nmod case nmod flat punct root However ADV , PUNCT the DET manuscript ADJ variant NOUN found VERB in ADP the DET present ADJ edition NOUN is AUX certainly ADV old ADJ , PUNCT appearing VERB already ADV in ADP the DET oldest ADJ extant ADJ versions NOUN of ADP the DET SY PROPN in ADP the DET commentary NOUN of ADP Saadia PROPN Gaon PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 However however ADV _ 13 old advmod 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 However punct 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 variant det 4 manuscript manuscript ADJ Degree=Pos 5 variant amod 5 variant variant NOUN Number=Sing 13 old nsubj 6 found find VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 variant acl 7 in in ADP _ 10 edition case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 edition det 9 present present ADJ Degree=Pos 10 edition amod 10 edition edition NOUN Number=Sing 6 found obl 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 old cop 12 certainly certainly ADV _ 13 old advmod 13 old old ADJ Degree=Pos root root 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 appearing punct 15 appearing appear VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 13 old advcl 16 already already ADV _ 15 appearing advmod 17 in in ADP _ 21 versions case 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 21 versions det 19 oldest old ADJ Degree=Sup 21 versions amod 20 extant extant ADJ Degree=Pos 21 versions amod 21 versions version NOUN Number=Plur 15 appearing obl 22 of of ADP _ 24 SY case 23 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 24 SY det 24 SY SY PROPN Number=Sing 21 versions nmod 25 in in ADP _ 27 commentary case 26 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 27 commentary det 27 commentary commentary NOUN Number=Sing 21 versions nmod 28 of of ADP _ 29 Saadia case 29 Saadia Saadia PROPN Number=Sing 27 commentary nmod 30 Gaon Gaon PROPN Number=Sing 29 Saadia flat 31 . . PUNCT _ 13 old punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 find participle the manuscript variant not said here the present edition vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent 2 is present the manuscript variant certainly, however, old property tree rules 3 appear gerund the manuscript variant not said here the oldest extant versions of the SY in the commentary of Saadia vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in version=Location 4 comment Saadia nom commentary «communication transitive»: of=patient
Sentence 2: (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)
punct flat punct compound compound appos punct root ( PUNCT Sefer PROPN Yetzirah PROPN , PUNCT Sefaria PROPN community NOUN translation NOUN ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct 2 Sefer Sefer PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 Yetzirah Yetzirah PROPN Number=Sing 2 Sefer flat 4 , , PUNCT _ 7 translation punct 5 Sefaria Sefaria PROPN Number=Sing 7 translation compound 6 community community NOUN Number=Sing 7 translation compound 7 translation translation NOUN Number=Sing 2 Sefer appos 8 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 4 Wherefore I praised the dead that are already dead more than the living that are yet alive; (Writings ECC.4.2, JPS 1917)
The tree, 21 words advmod nsubj det obj nsubj cop advmod advcl advmod case det obl nsubj cop advmod acl:relcl punct punct obl appos punct flat flat punct root Wherefore ADV I PRON praised VERB the DET dead ADJ that PRON are AUX already ADV dead ADJ more ADV than ADP the DET living NOUN that PRON are AUX yet ADV alive ADJ ; PUNCT ( PUNCT Writings NOUN ECC.4.2 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wherefore wherefore ADV PronType=Int 3 praised advmod 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 praised nsubj 3 praised praise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 dead det 5 dead dead ADJ Degree=Pos 3 praised obj 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 9 dead nsubj 7 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 dead cop 8 already already ADV _ 9 dead advmod 9 dead dead ADJ Degree=Pos 3 praised advcl 10 more more ADV Degree=Cmp 9 dead advmod 11 than than ADP _ 13 living case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 living det 13 living living NOUN Number=Sing 10 more obl 14 that that PRON PronType=Rel 17 alive nsubj 15 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 17 alive cop 16 yet yet ADV _ 17 alive advmod 17 alive alive ADJ Degree=Pos 13 living acl:relcl 18 ; ; PUNCT _ 20 Writings punct 19 ( ( PUNCT _ 20 Writings punct 20 Writings writing NOUN Number=Plur 3 praised obl 21 ECC.4.2 ECC.4.2 PROPN Number=Sing 20 Writings appos 22 , , PUNCT _ 23 JPS punct 23 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 21 ECC.4.2 flat 24 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 21 ECC.4.2 flat 25 ) ) PUNCT _ 20 Writings punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 praise past I the dead Writings obl ; wherefore property vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dead=Theme 2 is present that dead property tree rules 3 is present the living yet alive property tree rules
Example 5 That which is hath been long ago, and that which is to be hath already been; and God seeketh that which is pursued. (Writings ECC.3.15, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: That which is hath been long ago, and that which is to be hath already been; and God seeketh that which is pursued.
The tree, 23 words nsubj nsubj cop aux cop advmod punct cc obl nmod aux mark cop ccomp advmod advcl punct cc nsubj conj mark nsubj:pass aux:pass advcl punct root That PRON which PRON is AUX hath AUX been AUX long ADV ago ADV , PUNCT and CCONJ that PRON which PRON is AUX to PART be AUX hath VERB already ADV been VERB ; PUNCT and CCONJ God PROPN seeketh VERB that SCONJ which PRON is AUX pursued VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 That that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 7 ago nsubj 2 which which PRON PronType=Rel 7 ago nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 ago cop 4 hath have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 ago aux 5 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 7 ago cop 6 long long ADV Degree=Pos 7 ago advmod 7 ago ago ADV _ root root 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 that punct 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 that cc 10 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 7 ago obl 11 which which PRON PronType=Rel 10 that nmod 12 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 which aux 13 to to PART _ 15 hath mark 14 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 15 hath cop 15 hath have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 is ccomp 16 already already ADV _ 17 been advmod 17 been be VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 15 hath advcl 18 ; ; PUNCT _ 21 seeketh punct 19 and and CCONJ _ 21 seeketh cc 20 God God PROPN Number=Sing 21 seeketh nsubj 21 seeketh seek VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 is conj 22 that that SCONJ _ 25 pursued mark 23 which which PRON PronType=Rel 25 pursued nsubj:pass 24 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 25 pursued aux:pass 25 pursued pursue VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 21 seeketh advcl 26 . . PUNCT _ 7 ago punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present · perfect That that obl ; ago, long property tree rules 2 is to-infinitive That not said here have property tree rules 3 be participle That not said here vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 seek present God vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 5 pursue present · passive vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Sentence 2: (Writings ECC.3.15, JPS 1917)
punct appos punct flat flat punct root ( PUNCT Writings NOUN ECC.3.15 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Writings punct 2 Writings writing NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 ECC.3.15 ECC.3.15 PROPN Number=Sing 2 Writings appos 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 JPS punct 5 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 3 ECC.3.15 flat 6 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 ECC.3.15 flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Writings punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 6 Go thy way, eat thy bread with joy, and drink thy wine with a merry heart; for God hath already accepted thy works. (Writings ECC.9.7, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: Go thy way, eat thy bread with joy, and drink thy wine with a merry heart; for God hath already accepted thy works.
The tree, 23 words nmod:poss obj punct conj nmod:poss obj case obl punct cc conj nmod:poss obj case det amod obl punct mark nsubj:pass aux advmod parataxis nmod:poss obj punct root Go VERB thy PRON way NOUN , PUNCT eat VERB thy PRON bread NOUN with ADP joy NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ drink VERB thy PRON wine NOUN with ADP a DET merry ADJ heart NOUN ; PUNCT for SCONJ God PROPN hath AUX already ADV accepted VERB thy PRON works NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Go go VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 thy thy PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch 3 way nmod:poss 3 way way NOUN Number=Sing 1 Go obj 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 eat punct 5 eat eat VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Go conj 6 thy thy PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch 7 bread nmod:poss 7 bread bread NOUN Number=Sing 5 eat obj 8 with with ADP _ 9 joy case 9 joy joy NOUN Number=Sing 5 eat obl 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 drink punct 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 drink cc 12 drink drink VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Go conj 13 thy thy PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch 14 wine nmod:poss 14 wine wine NOUN Number=Sing 12 drink obj 15 with with ADP _ 18 heart case 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 heart det 17 merry merry ADJ Degree=Pos 18 heart amod 18 heart heart NOUN Number=Sing 12 drink obl 19 ; ; PUNCT _ 24 accepted punct 20 for for SCONJ _ 24 accepted mark 21 God God PROPN Number=Sing 24 accepted nsubj:pass 22 hath have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 24 accepted aux 23 already already ADV _ 24 accepted advmod 24 accepted accept VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 12 drink parataxis 25 thy thy PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch 26 works nmod:poss 26 works work NOUN Number=Plur 24 accepted obj 27 . . PUNCT _ 1 Go punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go imperative you not said here thy way vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location way=Theme 2 eat infinitive you not said here thy bread with joy vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bread=Patient 3 drink infinitive you not said here thy wine with a merry heart vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wine=Patient 4 accept present · perfect · passive God tree rules 5 work thy nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent
Sentence 2: (Writings ECC.9.7, JPS 1917)
punct appos punct flat flat punct root ( PUNCT Writings NOUN ECC.9.7 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Writings punct 2 Writings writing NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 ECC.9.7 ECC.9.7 PROPN Number=Sing 2 Writings appos 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 JPS punct 5 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 3 ECC.9.7 flat 6 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 ECC.9.7 flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Writings punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 7 She has already read 40 pages.
nsubj aux advmod nummod obj punct root She PRON has AUX already ADV read VERB 40 NUM pages NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 read nsubj 2 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 read aux 3 already already ADV _ 4 read advmod 4 read read VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 5 40 40 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 pages nummod 6 pages page NOUN Number=Plur 4 read obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 read punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 read present · perfect She 40 pages vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent page=Topic
Example 8 He already has 12 stamps.
nsubj advmod nummod obj punct root He PRON already ADV has VERB 12 NUM stamps NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 has nsubj 2 already already ADV _ 3 has advmod 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 12 12 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 stamps nummod 5 stamps stamp NOUN Number=Plur 3 has obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present He 12 stamps vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stamp=Patient
Example 9 15 guests have already arrived.
nummod nsubj:pass aux advmod punct root 15 NUM guests NOUN have AUX already ADV arrived VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 15 15 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 guests nummod 2 guests guest NOUN Number=Plur 5 arrived nsubj:pass 3 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 arrived aux 4 already already ADV _ 5 arrived advmod 5 arrived arrive VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 arrived punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 arrive present · perfect · passive 15 guests tree rules
Example 10 The tank already holds 8 liters.
det nsubj advmod nummod obj punct root The DET tank NOUN already ADV holds VERB 8 NUM liters NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 tank det 2 tank tank NOUN Number=Sing 4 holds nsubj 3 already already ADV _ 4 holds advmod 4 holds hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 8 8 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 liters nummod 6 liters liter NOUN Number=Plur 4 holds obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 holds punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold present the tank 8 liters vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent liter=Theme
Example 11 I've already eaten lunch.
nsubj aux advmod obj punct root I PRON 've AUX already ADV eaten VERB lunch NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 eaten nsubj 2 've have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 eaten aux 3 already already ADV _ 4 eaten advmod 4 eaten eat VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 5 lunch lunch NOUN Number=Sing 4 eaten obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 eaten punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat present · perfect I lunch vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lunch=Patient
Example 12 Is it dark already?
cop nsubj advmod punct root Is AUX it PRON dark ADJ already ADV ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 dark cop 2 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 dark nsubj 3 dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 already already ADV _ 3 dark advmod 5 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 dark punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present it dark property tree rules
Example 13 The bus has already left.
det nsubj aux advmod punct root The DET bus NOUN has AUX already ADV left VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 bus det 2 bus bus NOUN Number=Sing 5 left nsubj 3 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 left aux 4 already already ADV _ 5 left advmod 5 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 left punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leave present · perfect the bus vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 14 You're home already?
nsubj cop advmod punct root You PRON 're AUX home ADV already ADV ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 home nsubj 2 're be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 home cop 3 home home ADV _ root root 4 already already ADV _ 3 home advmod 5 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 home punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present You home property tree rules
Example 15 She already knew how to swim.
nsubj advmod advmod mark xcomp punct root She PRON already ADV knew VERB how ADV to PART swim VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 knew nsubj 2 already already ADV _ 3 knew advmod 3 knew know VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 how how ADV PronType=Int 6 swim advmod 5 to to PART _ 6 swim mark 6 swim swim VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 knew xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 knew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 know past She vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus 2 swim to-infinitive She not said here vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 16 We have already learned our times tables.
nsubj aux advmod nmod:poss compound obj punct root We PRON have AUX already ADV learned VERB our PRON times NOUN tables NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 learned nsubj 2 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 learned aux 3 already already ADV _ 4 learned advmod 4 learned learn VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 5 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 tables nmod:poss 6 times time NOUN Number=Plur 7 tables compound 7 tables table NOUN Number=Plur 4 learned obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 learned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 learn present · perfect We our times tables vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent table=Topic
Example 17 "They're quite full already," answers Nicholas.
punct nsubj cop advmod advcl advmod punct punct obj punct root " PUNCT They PRON 're AUX quite ADV full ADJ already ADV , PUNCT " PUNCT answers VERB Nicholas PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 5 full punct 2 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 full nsubj 3 're be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 full cop 4 quite quite ADV _ 5 full advmod 5 full full ADJ Degree=Pos 9 answers advcl 6 already already ADV _ 5 full advmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 5 full punct 8 " " PUNCT _ 9 answers punct 9 answers answer VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 10 Nicholas Nicholas PROPN Number=Sing 9 answers obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 9 answers punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is in a quote present They full property tree rules 2 answer speech: assert present Nicholas vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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