arab Who acts: person, Hebrew grammarians, Arab grammarians, ortho graphy, Many Arab families, We · What happens: come, speak, do, know, believe, invent · To what, where: speaking countries, Arabs, beautiful breed, Arab grammarians, ortho graphy, city · Speech: someone speaks here
«arab» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: arab in the Judaism dictionary .
Meaning 1 A person whose people come from the Arabic-speaking countries of the Middle East and North Africa, such as Egypt, Saudi Arabia or Morocco.
The tree, 24 words det nsubj nmod:poss nsubj case det compound punct amod obl case det compound nmod cc compound conj punct case fixed nmod punct amod conj cc conj punct root A DET person NOUN whose PRON people NOUN come VERB from ADP the DET Arabic PROPN - PUNCT speaking VERB countries NOUN of ADP the DET Middle PROPN East PROPN and CCONJ North PROPN Africa PROPN , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP Egypt PROPN , PUNCT Saudi ADJ Arabia PROPN or CCONJ Morocco PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 person det 2 person person NOUN Number=Sing 5 come nsubj 3 whose whose PRON Poss=Yes PronType=Rel 4 people nmod:poss 4 people people NOUN Number=Plur 5 come nsubj 5 come come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 from from ADP _ 11 countries case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 countries det 8 Arabic Arabic PROPN Number=Sing 10 speaking compound 9 - - PUNCT _ 10 speaking punct 10 speaking speak VERB VerbForm=Ger 11 countries amod 11 countries country NOUN Number=Plur 5 come obl 12 of of ADP _ 15 East case 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 East det 14 Middle Middle PROPN Number=Sing 15 East compound 15 East East PROPN Number=Sing 11 countries nmod 16 and and CCONJ _ 18 Africa cc 17 North North PROPN Number=Sing 18 Africa compound 18 Africa Africa PROPN Number=Sing 15 East conj 19 , , PUNCT _ 22 Egypt punct 20 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 22 Egypt case 21 as as ADP _ 20 such fixed 22 Egypt Egypt PROPN Number=Sing 11 countries nmod 23 , , PUNCT _ 25 Arabia punct 24 Saudi Saudi ADJ Degree=Pos 25 Arabia amod 25 Arabia Arabia PROPN Number=Sing 22 Egypt conj 26 or or CCONJ _ 27 Morocco cc 27 Morocco Morocco PROPN Number=Sing 22 Egypt conj 28 . . PUNCT _ 5 come punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come present a person the speaking countries of the Middle East and North Africa such Egypt and Saudi Arabia or Morocco vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from country=Initial_Location 2 speak speech: other gerund vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.
To do with Arabs or the Arab world, like Arab culture.
mark case obj cc det amod conj punct case amod obl punct root To PART do VERB with ADP Arabs PROPN or CCONJ the DET Arab ADJ world NOUN , PUNCT like ADP Arab ADJ culture NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 do mark 2 do do VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 with with ADP _ 4 Arabs case 4 Arabs Arab PROPN Number=Plur 2 do obj 5 or or CCONJ _ 8 world cc 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 world det 7 Arab Arab ADJ Degree=Pos 8 world amod 8 world world NOUN Number=Sing 4 Arabs conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 culture punct 10 like like ADP _ 12 culture case 11 Arab Arab ADJ Degree=Pos 12 culture amod 12 culture culture NOUN Number=Sing 2 do obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 do punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do to-infinitive Arabs or the Arab world like Arab culture vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arab=Eventuality
Meaning 3 An Arab horse, a beautiful breed known for speed and strength.
det amod punct det amod appos acl case obl cc conj punct root An DET Arab ADJ horse NOUN , PUNCT a DET beautiful ADJ breed NOUN known VERB for ADP speed NOUN and CCONJ strength NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 horse det 2 Arab Arab ADJ Degree=Pos 3 horse amod 3 horse horse NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 7 breed punct 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 breed det 6 beautiful beautiful ADJ Degree=Pos 7 breed amod 7 breed breed NOUN Number=Sing 3 horse appos 8 known know VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 breed acl 9 for for ADP _ 10 speed case 10 speed speed NOUN Number=Sing 8 known obl 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 strength cc 12 strength strength NOUN Number=Sing 10 speed conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 horse punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 know participle a beautiful breed not said here for speed and strength vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Example 1 The Hebrew grammarians under Arabic influence came to believe that tliose rules of ortho- graphy which the Arab grammarians invented for the language of the Koran hold good also for the language of the Old Testament. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
Sentence 1: The Hebrew grammarians under Arabic influence came to believe that tliose rules of ortho- graphy which the Arab grammarians invented for the language of the Koran hold good also for the language of the Old Testament.
The tree, 36 words det amod nsubj case compound nmod mark xcomp mark compound ccomp case compound punct nmod obj det amod nsubj acl case det obl case det nmod acl:relcl xcomp advmod case det obl case det amod nmod punct root The DET Hebrew ADJ grammarians NOUN under ADP Arabic PROPN influence NOUN came VERB to PART believe VERB that SCONJ tliose NOUN rules NOUN of ADP ortho NOUN - PUNCT graphy NOUN which PRON the DET Arab ADJ grammarians NOUN invented VERB for ADP the DET language NOUN of ADP the DET Koran PROPN hold VERB good ADJ also ADV for ADP the DET language NOUN of ADP the DET Old ADJ Testament PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 grammarians det 2 Hebrew hebrew ADJ Degree=Pos 3 grammarians amod 3 grammarians grammarian NOUN Number=Plur 7 came nsubj 4 under under ADP _ 6 influence case 5 Arabic Arabic PROPN Number=Sing 6 influence compound 6 influence influence NOUN Number=Sing 3 grammarians nmod 7 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 to to PART _ 9 believe mark 9 believe believe VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 came xcomp 10 that that SCONJ _ 12 rules mark 11 tliose tliose NOUN Number=Sing 12 rules compound 12 rules rule NOUN Number=Plur 9 believe ccomp 13 of of ADP _ 16 graphy case 14 ortho ortho NOUN Number=Sing 16 graphy compound 15 - - PUNCT _ 14 ortho punct 16 graphy graphy NOUN Number=Sing 12 rules nmod 17 which which PRON PronType=Rel 28 hold obj 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 20 grammarians det 19 Arab Arab ADJ Degree=Pos 20 grammarians amod 20 grammarians grammarian NOUN Number=Plur 28 hold nsubj 21 invented invent VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 20 grammarians acl 22 for for ADP _ 24 language case 23 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 24 language det 24 language language NOUN Number=Sing 21 invented obl 25 of of ADP _ 27 Koran case 26 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 27 Koran det 27 Koran Koran PROPN Number=Sing 24 language nmod 28 hold hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 graphy acl:relcl 29 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 28 hold xcomp 30 also also ADV _ 33 language advmod 31 for for ADP _ 33 language case 32 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 33 language det 33 language language NOUN Number=Sing 28 hold obl 34 of of ADP _ 37 Testament case 35 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 37 Testament det 36 Old old ADJ Degree=Pos 37 Testament amod 37 Testament Testament PROPN Number=Sing 33 language nmod 38 . . PUNCT _ 7 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come past the Hebrew grammarians under Arabic influence tree rules 2 believe to-infinitive the Hebrew grammarians under Arabic influence not said here vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer 3 invent participle the Arab grammarians not said here for the language of the Koran vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for language=Beneficiary 4 hold present the Arab grammarians ortho graphy for the language of the Old Testament; good property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Theme 5 rule ortho graphy nom rule «cognition intransitive»: of=agent
Sentence 2: (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
The tree, 12 words punct punct det appos case nmod cc conj case fixed nmod flat punct list punct root ( PUNCT Mordell PROPN , PUNCT The DET Origin PROPN of ADP Letters NOUN and CCONJ Numerals NOUN according VERB to ADP Sefer PROPN Yetzirah PROPN ( PUNCT 1914 NUM )) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Mordell punct 2 Mordell Mordell PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 5 Origin punct 4 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 Origin det 5 Origin Origin PROPN Number=Sing 2 Mordell appos 6 of of ADP _ 7 Letters case 7 Letters letter NOUN Number=Plur 5 Origin nmod 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 Numerals cc 9 Numerals numeral NOUN Number=Plur 7 Letters conj 10 according accord VERB ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 12 Sefer case 11 to to ADP _ 10 according fixed 12 Sefer Sefer PROPN Number=Sing 2 Mordell nmod 13 Yetzirah Yetzirah PROPN Number=Sing 12 Sefer flat 14 ( ( PUNCT _ 15 1914 punct 15 1914 1914 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 Mordell list 16 )) )) PUNCT _ 2 Mordell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 accord gerund vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent
Example 2 Many Arab families live in our city.
amod amod nsubj case nmod:poss obl punct root Many ADJ Arab ADJ families NOUN live VERB in ADP our PRON city NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 families amod 2 Arab Arab ADJ Degree=Pos 3 families amod 3 families family NOUN Number=Plur 4 live nsubj 4 live live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 in in ADP _ 7 city case 6 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 city nmod:poss 7 city city NOUN Number=Sing 4 live obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 live punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present Many Arab families our city vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in city=Location
Example 3 We learned about the Arab world in geography.
nsubj case det amod obl case obl punct root We PRON learned VERB about ADP the DET Arab ADJ world NOUN in ADP geography NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 learned nsubj 2 learned learn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 about about ADP _ 6 world case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 world det 5 Arab Arab ADJ Degree=Pos 6 world amod 6 world world NOUN Number=Sing 2 learned obl 7 in in ADP _ 8 geography case 8 geography geography NOUN Number=Sing 2 learned obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 learned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 learn past We geography about the Arab world vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about world=Topic
Example 4 Arab scholars long ago helped develop algebra.
amod nsubj advmod advmod xcomp obj punct root Arab ADJ scholars NOUN long ADV ago ADV helped VERB develop VERB algebra NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Arab Arab ADJ Degree=Pos 2 scholars amod 2 scholars scholar NOUN Number=Plur 5 helped nsubj 3 long long ADV Degree=Pos 4 ago advmod 4 ago ago ADV _ 5 helped advmod 5 helped help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 develop develop VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 helped xcomp 7 algebra algebra NOUN Number=Sing 6 develop obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 helped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help past Arab scholars ago property vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 develop infinitive Arab scholars not said here algebra vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent algebra=Product
Example 5 My friend Layla's family is Arab and speaks Arabic at home.
nmod:poss nsubj nmod:poss case appos cop cc conj obj case obl punct root My PRON friend NOUN Layla PROPN 's PART family NOUN is AUX Arab ADJ and CCONJ speaks VERB Arabic PROPN at ADP home NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 friend nmod:poss 2 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing 7 Arab nsubj 3 Layla Layla PROPN Number=Sing 5 family nmod:poss 4 's 's PART _ 3 Layla case 5 family family NOUN Number=Sing 2 friend appos 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 Arab cop 7 Arab Arab ADJ Degree=Pos root root 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 speaks cc 9 speaks speak VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 Arab conj 10 Arabic Arabic PROPN Number=Sing 9 speaks obj 11 at at ADP _ 12 home case 12 home home NOUN Number=Sing 9 speaks obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 7 Arab punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present My friend arab property tree rules 2 speak speech: other present My friend not said here Arabic home tree rules
Example 6 The Arab horse is famous for its speed.
det amod nsubj cop case nmod:poss obl punct root The DET Arab ADJ horse NOUN is AUX famous ADJ for ADP its PRON speed NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 horse det 2 Arab Arab ADJ Degree=Pos 3 horse amod 3 horse horse NOUN Number=Sing 5 famous nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 famous cop 5 famous famous ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 for for ADP _ 8 speed case 7 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 speed nmod:poss 8 speed speed NOUN Number=Sing 5 famous obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 famous punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the Arab horse for horse's speed; famous property tree rules
Example 7 Arab countries stretch from Morocco to Oman.
amod nsubj case obl case obl punct root Arab ADJ countries NOUN stretch VERB from ADP Morocco PROPN to ADP Oman PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Arab Arab ADJ Degree=Pos 2 countries amod 2 countries country NOUN Number=Plur 3 stretch nsubj 3 stretch stretch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 from from ADP _ 5 Morocco case 5 Morocco Morocco PROPN Number=Sing 3 stretch obl 6 to to ADP _ 7 Oman case 7 Oman Oman PROPN Number=Sing 3 stretch obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 stretch punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stretch present Arab countries Oman Morocco vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from morocco=Location
Example 8 Our class tasted food from different Arab countries.
nmod:poss nsubj obj case amod amod obl punct root Our PRON class NOUN tasted VERB food NOUN from ADP different ADJ Arab ADJ countries NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 class nmod:poss 2 class class NOUN Number=Sing 3 tasted nsubj 3 tasted taste VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 food food NOUN Number=Sing 3 tasted obj 5 from from ADP _ 8 countries case 6 different different ADJ Degree=Pos 8 countries amod 7 Arab Arab ADJ Degree=Pos 8 countries amod 8 countries country NOUN Number=Plur 3 tasted obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 tasted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 taste past Our class food different Arab countries vn seem-109 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Theme food=Attribute
Example 9 She first drank herself, according to the Arab custom, and then filled it for her sisters.
The tree, 16 words nsubj advmod obj punct advcl case det amod obl punct cc advmod conj obj case nmod:poss obl punct root She PRON first ADV drank VERB herself PRON , PUNCT according VERB to ADP the DET Arab ADJ custom NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ then ADV filled VERB it PRON for ADP her PRON sisters NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 drank nsubj 2 first first ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 3 drank advmod 3 drank drink VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 herself herself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 3 drank obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 according punct 6 according accord VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 drank advcl 7 to to ADP _ 10 custom case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 custom det 9 Arab Arab ADJ Degree=Pos 10 custom amod 10 custom custom NOUN Number=Sing 6 according obl 11 , , PUNCT _ 14 filled punct 12 and and CCONJ _ 14 filled cc 13 then then ADV PronType=Dem 14 filled advmod 14 filled fill VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 drank conj 15 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 filled obj 16 for for ADP _ 18 sisters case 17 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 18 sisters nmod:poss 18 sisters sister NOUN Number=Plur 14 filled obl 19 . . PUNCT _ 3 drank punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 drink past She herself = she first property vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent herself=Patient 2 accord gerund She not said here to the Arab custom goal vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to custom=Goal 3 fill past She not said here custom then for her sisters vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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