bark Who acts: bark, dog, watchmen, We, animals, coach · What happens: be, make, bark, not bark, rave, lie down · To what, where: short loud sound, hard outer covering, loud sharp voice, dumb dogs, loud bark, next door · Speech: someone speaks here
«bark» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: bark in the Judaism dictionary .
Meaning 1 A bark is the short loud sound a dog makes.
det nsubj cop det amod amod det nsubj acl:relcl punct root A DET bark NOUN is AUX the DET short ADJ loud ADJ sound NOUN a DET dog NOUN makes VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 bark det 2 bark bark NOUN Number=Sing 7 sound nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 sound cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 sound det 5 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 7 sound amod 6 loud loud ADJ Degree=Pos 7 sound amod 7 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 dog det 9 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 10 makes nsubj 10 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 sound acl:relcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 sound punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a bark the short loud sound tree rules 2 make present a dog the short loud sound not said here vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sound=Product
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To bark is to make this sound.
mark csubj cop mark det obj punct root To PART bark VERB is AUX to PART make VERB this DET sound NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 bark mark 2 bark bark VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 make csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 make cop 4 to to PART _ 5 make mark 5 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 7 sound det 7 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 5 make obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bark to-infinitive vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is present make property tree rules
Meaning 3 Bark is the hard outer covering of a tree trunk and branches.
nsubj cop det amod amod case det compound nmod cc conj punct root Bark NOUN is AUX the DET hard ADJ outer ADJ covering NOUN of ADP a DET tree NOUN trunk NOUN and CCONJ branches NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bark bark NOUN Number=Sing 6 covering nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 covering cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 covering det 4 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 6 covering amod 5 outer outer ADJ Degree=Pos 6 covering amod 6 covering covering NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 10 trunk case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 trunk det 9 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 10 trunk compound 10 trunk trunk NOUN Number=Sing 6 covering nmod 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 branches cc 12 branches branch NOUN Number=Plur 10 trunk conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 covering punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Bark the hard outer covering of a tree trunk and branches tree rules
Meaning 4 To bark (at someone) is to say something in a loud, sharp voice, like an order.
The tree, 16 words mark advcl punct case obl punct cop mark obj case det amod punct amod obl punct case det obl punct root To PART bark VERB ( PUNCT at ADP someone PRON ) PUNCT is AUX to PART say VERB something PRON in ADP a DET loud ADJ , PUNCT sharp ADJ voice NOUN , PUNCT like ADP an DET order NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 bark mark 2 bark bark VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 say advcl 3 ( ( PUNCT _ 5 someone punct 4 at at ADP _ 5 someone case 5 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 bark obl 6 ) ) PUNCT _ 5 someone punct 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 say cop 8 to to PART _ 9 say mark 9 say say VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 10 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 9 say obj 11 in in ADP _ 16 voice case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 voice det 13 loud loud ADJ Degree=Pos 16 voice amod 14 , , PUNCT _ 13 loud punct 15 sharp sharp ADJ Degree=Pos 16 voice amod 16 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 9 say obl 17 , , PUNCT _ 20 order punct 18 like like ADP _ 20 order case 19 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 20 order det 20 order order NOUN Number=Sing 9 say obl 21 . . PUNCT _ 9 say punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bark to-infinitive at someone vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Agent at someone=Stimulus 2 is present a loud sharp voice like a order; say property tree rules
Example 1 His watchmen are all blind, without knowledge; they are all dumb dogs, they cannot bark; raving, lying down, loving to slumber. (Prophets ISA.56.10, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: His watchmen are all blind, without knowledge; they are all dumb dogs, they cannot bark; raving, lying down, loving to slumber.
The tree, 22 words nmod:poss nsubj cop advmod punct case obl punct nsubj cop advmod amod conj punct nsubj aux advmod parataxis punct advcl punct conj advmod punct conj mark xcomp punct root His PRON watchmen NOUN are AUX all ADV blind ADJ , PUNCT without ADP knowledge NOUN ; PUNCT they PRON are AUX all ADV dumb ADJ dogs NOUN , PUNCT they PRON can AUX not PART bark VERB ; PUNCT raving VERB , PUNCT lying VERB down ADV , PUNCT loving VERB to PART slumber VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 His his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 watchmen nmod:poss 2 watchmen watchman NOUN Number=Plur 5 blind nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 blind cop 4 all all ADV _ 5 blind advmod 5 blind blind ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 knowledge punct 7 without without ADP _ 8 knowledge case 8 knowledge knowledge NOUN Number=Sing 5 blind obl 9 ; ; PUNCT _ 14 dogs punct 10 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 dogs nsubj 11 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 dogs cop 12 all all ADV _ 14 dogs advmod 13 dumb dumb ADJ Degree=Pos 14 dogs amod 14 dogs dog NOUN Number=Plur 5 blind conj 15 , , PUNCT _ 19 bark punct 16 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 19 bark nsubj 17 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 19 bark aux 18 not not PART Polarity=Neg 19 bark advmod 19 bark bark VERB VerbForm=Inf 14 dogs parataxis 20 ; ; PUNCT _ 21 raving punct 21 raving rave VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 19 bark advcl 22 , , PUNCT _ 23 lying punct 23 lying lie VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 21 raving conj 24 down down ADV _ 23 lying advmod 25 , , PUNCT _ 26 loving punct 26 loving love VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 21 raving conj 27 to to PART _ 28 slumber mark 28 slumber slumber VERB VerbForm=Inf 26 loving xcomp 29 . . PUNCT _ 5 blind punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present His watchmen without knowledge; all, blind property tree rules 2 is a present watchmen = watchman dumb dogs all property tree rules 3 not bark can watchmen = watchman vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 rave speech: other gerund watchmen = watchman not said here vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 5 lie down gerund watchmen = watchman not said here down property vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent 6 love gerund watchmen = watchman not said here vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus 7 slumber not said to happen to-infinitive watchmen = watchman not said here vn snooze-40.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Sentence 2: (Prophets ISA.56.10, JPS 1917)
punct appos punct flat flat punct root ( PUNCT Prophets NOUN ISA.56.10 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Prophets punct 2 Prophets prophet NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 ISA.56.10 ISA.56.10 PROPN Number=Sing 2 Prophets appos 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 JPS punct 5 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 3 ISA.56.10 flat 6 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 ISA.56.10 flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Prophets punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 2 The dog barked at the postman.
det nsubj case det obl punct root The DET dog NOUN barked VERB at ADP the DET postman NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 dog det 2 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 3 barked nsubj 3 barked bark VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 at at ADP _ 6 postman case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 postman det 6 postman postman NOUN Number=Sing 3 barked obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 barked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bark past the dog at the postman vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Agent at postman=Stimulus
Example 3 We heard a loud bark from next door.
nsubj det amod obj case amod obl punct root We PRON heard VERB a DET loud ADJ bark NOUN from ADP next ADJ door NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 heard nsubj 2 heard hear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 bark det 4 loud loud ADJ Degree=Pos 5 bark amod 5 bark bark NOUN Number=Sing 2 heard obj 6 from from ADP _ 8 door case 7 next next ADJ Degree=Pos 8 door amod 8 door door NOUN Number=Sing 2 heard obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 heard punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hear past We a loud bark next door vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent bark=Topic from door=Source
Example 4 The bark of the oak tree is rough.
det nsubj case det compound nmod cop punct root The DET bark NOUN of ADP the DET oak NOUN tree NOUN is AUX rough ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 bark det 2 bark bark NOUN Number=Sing 8 rough nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 6 tree case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 tree det 5 oak oak NOUN Number=Sing 6 tree compound 6 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 2 bark nmod 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 rough cop 8 rough rough ADJ Degree=Pos root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 rough punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the bark of the oak tree rough property tree rules
Example 5 Some animals eat tree bark in winter.
det nsubj compound obj case obl punct root Some DET animals NOUN eat VERB tree NOUN bark NOUN in ADP winter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 animals det 2 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 3 eat nsubj 3 eat eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 5 bark compound 5 bark bark NOUN Number=Sing 3 eat obj 6 in in ADP _ 7 winter case 7 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 3 eat obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 eat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat present some animals tree bark winter vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bark=Patient
Example 6 The coach barked orders at the team.
det nsubj obj case det obl punct root The DET coach NOUN barked VERB orders NOUN at ADP the DET team NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 coach det 2 coach coach NOUN Number=Sing 3 barked nsubj 3 barked bark VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 orders order NOUN Number=Plur 3 barked obj 5 at at ADP _ 7 team case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 team det 7 team team NOUN Number=Sing 3 barked obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 barked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bark past the coach orders at the team vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme PP.recipient PP.stimulus»: agent=Agent order=Theme at team=Stimulus
Example 7 His bark is worse than his bite.
nmod:poss nsubj cop case nmod:poss obl punct root His PRON bark NOUN is AUX worse ADJ than ADP his PRON bite NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 His his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 bark nmod:poss 2 bark bark NOUN Number=Sing 4 worse nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 worse cop 4 worse bad ADJ Degree=Cmp root root 5 than than ADP _ 7 bite case 6 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 bite nmod:poss 7 bite bite NOUN Number=Sing 4 worse obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 worse punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present His bark than his bite; bad property tree rules 2 bite his = he nom bite «state transitive»: poss=agent
Example 8 If you think I did it, you're barking up the wrong tree.
The tree, 13 words mark nsubj advcl nsubj ccomp obj punct nsubj aux compound:prt det amod obj punct root If SCONJ you PRON think VERB I PRON did VERB it PRON , PUNCT you PRON 're AUX barking VERB up ADP the DET wrong ADJ tree NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 3 think mark 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 think nsubj 3 think think VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 barking advcl 4 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 did nsubj 5 did do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 think ccomp 6 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 did obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 3 think punct 8 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 10 barking nsubj 9 're be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 barking aux 10 barking bark VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 11 up up ADP _ 10 barking compound:prt 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 tree det 13 wrong wrong ADJ Degree=Pos 14 tree amod 14 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 10 barking obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 10 barking punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 think speech: other a condition, not said to happen present you vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 do past I it vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality 3 bark up present · progressive you the wrong tree vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent tree=Theme
Example 9 "Away, away," barked the old yard-dog.
punct punct advmod punct punct conj det amod compound punct obj punct root " PUNCT Away ADV , PUNCT away ADV , PUNCT " PUNCT barked VERB the DET old ADJ yard NOUN - PUNCT dog NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 2 Away punct 2 Away away ADV _ root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 4 away punct 4 away away ADV _ 2 Away advmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 7 barked punct 6 " " PUNCT _ 7 barked punct 7 barked bark VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 Away conj 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 dog det 9 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 12 dog amod 10 yard yard NOUN Number=Sing 12 dog compound 11 - - PUNCT _ 10 yard punct 12 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 7 barked obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 Away punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bark past the old yard dog vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent dog=Theme
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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