besieging

Who acts: Surrounding, army, Nebuchadnezzar king, servants, king, court · What happens: surround, make, give up, crowd, send, come · To what, where: town, army, lots, city, Jerusalem, Jeremiah prophet

«besieging» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: besieging in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

Surrounding a town, castle or fort with an army to make it give up.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Surrounding	surround	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	12 make	csubj
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 town	det
3	town	town	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Surrounding	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 castle	punct
5	castle	castle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 town	conj
6	or	or	CCONJ	_	7 fort	cc
7	fort	fort	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 town	conj
8	with	with	ADP	_	10 army	case
9	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 army	det
10	army	army	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Surrounding	obl
11	to	to	PART	_	12 make	mark
12	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 make	obj
14	give	give	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 make	xcomp
15	up	up	ADP	_	14 give	compound:prt
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 make	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	surround	gerund		a town and castle or fort	with a army	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent town=Destination with army=Theme
2	make	to-infinitive	Surrounding	army		tree rules
3	give up	infinitive	army not said here			vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Crowding round someone or something, or sending lots of requests.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Crowding	crowd	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	round	round	ADP	_	3 someone	case
3	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	1 Crowding	obl
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 something	cc
5	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	3 someone	conj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 sending	punct
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	8 sending	cc
8	sending	send	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Crowding	conj
9	lots	lot	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 sending	obj
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 requests	case
11	requests	request	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 lots	nmod
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Crowding	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	crowd	gerund						round someone	vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme round someone=Destination
2	send	gerund		lots of requests					vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Theme

Example 1

And Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came unto the city, while his servants were besieging it. (Prophets 2KI.24.11, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: And Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came unto the city, while his servants were besieging it.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	6 came	cc
2	Nebuchadnezzar	Nebuchadnezzar	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 king	compound
3	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 came	nsubj
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 Babylon	case
5	Babylon	Babylon	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 king	nmod
6	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	unto	unto	ADP	_	9 city	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 city	det
9	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 came	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 besieging	punct
11	while	while	SCONJ	_	15 besieging	mark
12	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 servants	nmod:poss
13	servants	servant	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 besieging	nsubj
14	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 besieging	aux
15	besieging	besiege	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 came	advcl
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 besieging	obj
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 came	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon					unto the city	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	besiege	past · progressive	king's servants	city					tree rules

Sentence 2: (Prophets 2KI.24.11, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	2KI.24.11	2KI.24.11	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 Prophets	flat
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 1917	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 1917	nmod:unmarked
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 2KI.24.11	conj
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

Now at that time the king of Babylon's army was besieging Jerusalem; and Jeremiah the prophet was shut up in the court of the guard, which was in the king of Judah's house. (Prophets JER.32.2, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: Now at that time the king of Babylon's army was besieging Jerusalem; and Jeremiah the prophet was shut up in the court of the guard, which was in the king of Judah's house.

The tree, 35 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	12 besieging	advmod
2	at	at	ADP	_	4 time	case
3	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 time	det
4	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 besieging	obl
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 king	det
6	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 besieging	nsubj
7	of	of	ADP	_	10 army	case
8	Babylon	Babylon	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 army	nmod:poss
9	's	's	PART	_	8 Babylon	case
10	army	army	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 king	nmod
11	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 besieging	aux
12	besieging	besiege	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
13	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 besieging	obj
14	;	;	PUNCT	_	20 shut	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 shut	cc
16	Jeremiah	Jeremiah	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 prophet	compound
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 prophet	det
18	prophet	prophet	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 shut	nsubj:pass
19	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	20 shut	aux:pass
20	shut	shut	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	12 besieging	conj
21	up	up	ADP	_	20 shut	compound:prt
22	in	in	ADP	_	24 court	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 court	det
24	court	court	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 shut	obl
25	of	of	ADP	_	27 guard	case
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 guard	det
27	guard	guard	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 court	nmod
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 king	punct
29	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	33 king	nsubj
30	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	33 king	cop
31	in	in	ADP	_	33 king	case
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 king	det
33	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 court	appos
34	of	of	ADP	_	37 house	case
35	Judah	Judah	PROPN	Number=Sing	37 house	nmod:poss
36	's	's	PART	_	35 Judah	case
37	house	house	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 king	nmod
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 besieging	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	besiege	past · progressive	the king of Babylon's army	Jerusalem		now; time		tree rules
2	shut up	past · passive		the Jeremiah prophet	the court of the guard			vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
3	is	past	the court of the guard				in the king; of Judah's house	tree rules

Sentence 2: (Prophets JER.32.2, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	JER.32.2	JER.32.2	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Prophets	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 JER.32.2	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 JER.32.2	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 3

The besieging army dug trenches around the walls.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 army	det
2	besieging	besieging	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 army	compound
3	army	army	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 dug	nsubj
4	dug	dig	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	trenches	trench	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 dug	obj
6	around	around	ADP	_	8 walls	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 walls	det
8	walls	wall	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 dug	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 dug	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	dig	past	the besieging army	trenches		the walls			vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent trench=Theme around wall=Location

Example 4

Reporters were besieging the hotel.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Reporters	reporter	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 besieging	nsubj
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 besieging	aux
3	besieging	besiege	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 hotel	det
5	hotel	hotel	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 besieging	obj
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 besieging	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	besiege	past · progressive	Reporters	the hotel					tree rules

Example 5

The besieging soldiers built catapults.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 soldiers	det
2	besieging	besieging	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 soldiers	compound
3	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 built	nsubj
4	built	build	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	catapults	catapult	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 built	obj
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 built	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	build	past	the besieging soldiers	catapults					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset catapult=Product

Example 6

Children were besieging the ice-cream van.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 besieging	nsubj
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 besieging	aux
3	besieging	besiege	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 van	det
5	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 cream	compound
6	-	-	PUNCT	_	5 ice	punct
7	cream	cream	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 van	compound
8	van	van	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 besieging	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 besieging	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	besiege	past · progressive	Children	the cream van					tree rules

Example 7

The besieging forces finally gave up and went home.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 forces	det
2	besieging	besieging	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 forces	compound
3	forces	force	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 gave	nsubj
4	finally	finally	ADV	_	5 gave	advmod
5	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	up	up	ADP	_	5 gave	compound:prt
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 went	cc
8	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 gave	conj
9	home	home	ADV	_	8 went	advmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 gave	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give up	past	the besieging forces					finally property	vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	go	past	the besieging forces not said here					home property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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