bird

Who acts: bird, most birds, ye, birds, Abram, he · What happens: be, lay, fly, eat, come down, drive away · To what, where: animal, eggs, clean birds, carcasses, birds, one

«bird» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 15 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: bird in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

A bird is an animal with feathers, wings and a beak; it lays eggs, and most birds can fly.

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 bird	det
2	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 animal	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 animal	cop
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 animal	det
5	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	with	with	ADP	_	7 feathers	case
7	feathers	feather	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 animal	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 wings	punct
9	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 feathers	conj
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 beak	cc
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 beak	det
12	beak	beak	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 feathers	conj
13	;	;	PUNCT	_	15 lays	punct
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 lays	nsubj
15	lays	lay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 animal	parataxis
16	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 lays	obj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 fly	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 fly	cc
19	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	20 birds	amod
20	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 fly	nsubj
21	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	22 fly	aux
22	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	15 lays	parataxis
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 animal	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a bird	a animal	with feathers and wings and a beak	tree rules
2	lay	present	bird	eggs		vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result
3	fly	can	most birds			vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Example 1

Of all clean birds ye may eat. (Torah DEU.14.11, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: Of all clean birds ye may eat.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Of	of	ADP	_	4 birds	case
2	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 birds	det
3	clean	clean	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 birds	amod
4	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	ye	ye	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	7 eat	nsubj
6	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 eat	aux
7	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 birds	acl:relcl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 birds	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	may	ye	all clean birds not said here					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bird=Patient

Sentence 2: (Torah DEU.14.11, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	3 DEU.14.11	punct
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 DEU.14.11	compound
3	DEU.14.11	DEU.14.11	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 DEU.14.11	conj
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 JPS	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	3 DEU.14.11	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

And the birds of prey came down upon the carcasses, and Abram drove them away. (Torah GEN.15.11, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: And the birds of prey came down upon the carcasses, and Abram drove them away.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	6 came	cc
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 birds	det
3	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 came	nsubj
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 prey	case
5	prey	prey	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 birds	nmod
6	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	down	down	ADV	_	6 came	advmod
8	upon	upon	ADP	_	10 carcasses	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 carcasses	det
10	carcasses	carcass	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 came	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 drove	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 drove	cc
13	Abram	Abram	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 drove	nsubj
14	drove	drive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 came	conj
15	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 drove	obj
16	away	away	ADV	_	14 drove	advmod
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 came	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come down	past	the birds of prey			the carcasses		down property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon carcass=Location
2	drive away	past	Abram	birds = bird				away property	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme

Sentence 2: (Torah GEN.15.11, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	3 GEN.15.11	punct
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 GEN.15.11	compound
3	GEN.15.11	GEN.15.11	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 GEN.15.11	conj
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 JPS	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	3 GEN.15.11	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 3

And he shall kill one of the birds in an earthen vessel over running water. (Torah LEV.14.50, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: And he shall kill one of the birds in an earthen vessel over running water.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	4 kill	cc
2	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 kill	nsubj
3	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 kill	aux
4	kill	kill	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 kill	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 birds	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 birds	det
8	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 one	nmod
9	in	in	ADP	_	12 vessel	case
10	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 vessel	det
11	earthen	earthen	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 vessel	amod
12	vessel	vessel	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 kill	obl
13	over	over	SCONJ	_	14 running	mark
14	running	run	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 kill	advcl
15	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 running	obj
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 kill	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	kill	shall	he	one of the birds		a earthen vessel			vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme
2	run	gerund	he not said here	water					vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme water=Trajectory

Sentence 2: (Torah LEV.14.50, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	3 LEV.14.50	punct
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 LEV.14.50	compound
3	LEV.14.50	LEV.14.50	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 LEV.14.50	conj
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 JPS	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	3 LEV.14.50	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 4

Wilt thou play with him as with a bird? (Writings JOB.40.29, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: Wilt thou play with him as with a bird?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wilt	will	AUX	Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin	3 play	aux
2	thou	thou	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	3 play	nsubj
3	play	play	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	with	with	ADP	_	5 him	case
5	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 play	obl
6	as	as	ADV	_	3 play	advmod
7	with	with	ADP	_	9 bird	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 bird	det
9	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 play	obl
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 play	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	play	future	thou					with him = he; with a bird	vn play-114.2-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with he=Co-Agent

Sentence 2: (Writings JOB.40.29, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	JOB.40.29	JOB.40.29	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Writings	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 JOB.40.29	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 JOB.40.29	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 5

Are the birds of prey against her round about? (Prophets JER.12.9, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: Are the birds of prey against her round about?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 birds	cop
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 birds	det
3	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 prey	case
5	prey	prey	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 birds	nmod
6	against	against	ADP	_	8 round	case
7	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 round	nmod:poss
8	round	round	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 prey	nmod
9	about	about	ADP	_	8 round	obl
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 birds	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		the birds				of prey against her round	tree rules

Sentence 2: (Prophets JER.12.9, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	JER.12.9	JER.12.9	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Prophets	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 JER.12.9	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 JER.12.9	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 6

Is My heritage unto Me as a speckled bird of prey? (Prophets JER.12.9, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: Is My heritage unto Me as a speckled bird of prey?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 heritage	cop
2	My	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 heritage	nmod:poss
3	heritage	heritage	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	unto	unto	ADP	_	5 Me	case
5	Me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 heritage	nmod
6	as	as	ADP	_	9 bird	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 bird	det
8	speckled	speckled	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 bird	amod
9	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 heritage	nmod
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 prey	case
11	prey	prey	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 bird	nmod
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 heritage	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		My heritage				unto Me; as a speckled bird of prey	tree rules

Sentence 2: (Prophets JER.12.9, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	JER.12.9	JER.12.9	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Prophets	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 JER.12.9	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 JER.12.9	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 7

3 birds were sitting on the fence.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	3	3	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 birds	nummod
2	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 sitting	nsubj
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 sitting	aux
4	sitting	sit	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	on	on	ADP	_	7 fence	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 fence	det
7	fence	fence	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sitting	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 sitting	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sit	past · progressive	3 birds			the fence			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on fence=Location

Example 8

4 more birds came to join them.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	4	4	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 birds	nummod
2	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 birds	amod
3	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 came	nsubj
4	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 join	mark
6	join	join	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 came	xcomp
7	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 join	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 came	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	4 more birds						tree rules
2	join	to-infinitive	4 more birds not said here	birds = bird					vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient

Example 9

6 birds flew away.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	6	6	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 birds	nummod
2	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 flew	nsubj
3	flew	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	away	away	ADV	_	3 flew	advmod
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 flew	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly away	past	6 birds					away property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 10

How many more storks than birds are on the fence?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	2 many	advmod
2	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 storks	amod
3	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 storks	amod
4	storks	stork	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 fence	nsubj
5	than	than	ADP	_	6 birds	case
6	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 storks	nmod
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 fence	cop
8	on	on	ADP	_	10 fence	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 fence	det
10	fence	fence	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	10 fence	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	many more storks than birds			the fence			tree rules

Example 11

A robin is a small bird with a red chest.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 robin	det
2	robin	robin	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 bird	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 bird	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 bird	det
5	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 bird	amod
6	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 chest	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 chest	det
9	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 chest	amod
10	chest	chest	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 bird	nmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 bird	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a robin	a small bird				with a red chest	tree rules

Example 12

Penguins are birds that cannot fly.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Penguins	penguin	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 birds	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 birds	cop
3	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 fly	nsubj
5	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 fly	aux
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 fly	advmod
7	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 birds	acl:relcl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 birds	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Penguins	birds					tree rules
2	not fly	can	birds						vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 13

The bird built a nest in our tree.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 bird	det
2	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 built	nsubj
3	built	build	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 nest	det
5	nest	nest	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 built	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 tree	case
7	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 tree	nmod:poss
8	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 built	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 built	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	build	past	the bird	a nest		our tree			vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nest=Product

Example 14

We put out seeds for the birds in winter.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 put	nsubj
2	put	put	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	out	out	ADP	_	2 put	compound:prt
4	seeds	seed	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 put	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 birds	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 birds	det
7	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 put	obl
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 winter	case
9	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 put	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 put	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	put out	past	We	seeds			winter	for the birds	vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent seed=Goal

Example 15

Fine feathers don’t make fine birds.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fine	fine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 feathers	amod
2	feathers	feather	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 make	nsubj
3	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 make	aux
4	n’t	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 make	advmod
5	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	fine	fine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 birds	amod
7	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 make	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 make	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not make	present · do-support	Fine feathers	fine birds					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bird=Product

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/B/bird/