buckler

Who acts: you, my, He, heavens, swords, knight · What happens: hold, use, protect, make, draw, battle · To what, where: small round shield, hand, ready buckler, hold, help, shield

«buckler» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: buckler in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

A small round shield held in the hand, used in old times (old use).

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 shield	det
2	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 shield	amod
3	round	round	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 shield	amod
4	shield	shield	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	held	hold	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 shield	acl
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 hand	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 hand	det
8	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 held	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 used	punct
10	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 shield	acl
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 times	case
12	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 times	amod
13	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 used	obl
14	(	(	PUNCT	_	16 use	punct
15	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 use	amod
16	use	use	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 times	appos
17	)	)	PUNCT	_	16 use	punct
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 shield	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	participle		a small round shield not said here		the hand			vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in hand=Location
2	use	participle		a small round shield not said here			time		vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: verb, rare — kept apart, not parsed.

to protect with a shield.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	to	to	PART	_	2 protect	mark
2	protect	protect	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	with	with	ADP	_	5 shield	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 shield	det
5	shield	shield	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 protect	obl
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 protect	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	protect	to-infinitive						with a shield	vn defend-72.3 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent

Example 1

Make ready buckler and shield, and draw near to battle. (Prophets JER.46.3, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: Make ready buckler and shield, and draw near to battle.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Make	make	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	ready	ready	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 buckler	amod
3	buckler	buckler	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Make	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 shield	cc
5	shield	shield	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 buckler	conj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 draw	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 draw	cc
8	draw	draw	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Make	conj
9	near	near	ADV	_	8 draw	advmod
10	to	to	PART	_	11 battle	mark
11	battle	battle	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 draw	xcomp
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Make	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	make	imperative	you not said here	ready buckler and shield		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset buckler=Product
2	draw	infinitive	you not said here		near property	tree rules
3	battle	to-infinitive	you not said here			vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Sentence 2: (Prophets JER.46.3, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	JER.46.3	JER.46.3	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Prophets	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 JER.46.3	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 JER.46.3	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

Take hold of shield and buckler, and rise up to my help. (Writings PSA.35.2, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: Take hold of shield and buckler, and rise up to my help.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Take	take	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	hold	hold	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Take	obj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 shield	case
4	shield	shield	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 hold	nmod
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 buckler	cc
6	buckler	buckler	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 shield	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 rise	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 rise	cc
9	rise	rise	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Take	parataxis
10	up	up	ADP	_	9 rise	compound:prt
11	to	to	ADP	_	13 help	case
12	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 help	nmod:poss
13	help	help	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 rise	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Take	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	take	imperative	you not said here	hold of shield and buckler		vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hold=Theme
2	rise up	infinitive			my help	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to help=Initial_Location
3	hold			shield and buckler		nom hold «act transitive»: of=patient
4	help		my			nom help «act transitive»: poss=agent

Sentence 2: (Writings PSA.35.2, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	PSA.35.2	PSA.35.2	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Writings	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 PSA.35.2	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 PSA.35.2	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 3

He runneth upon him with a stiff neck, with the thick bosses of his bucklers. (Writings JOB.15.26, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: He runneth upon him with a stiff neck, with the thick bosses of his bucklers.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 runneth	nsubj
2	runneth	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	upon	upon	ADP	_	4 him	case
4	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 runneth	obl
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 neck	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 neck	det
7	stiff	stiff	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 neck	amod
8	neck	neck	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 runneth	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 bosses	punct
10	with	with	ADP	_	13 bosses	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 bosses	det
12	thick	thick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 bosses	amod
13	bosses	boss	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 runneth	obl
14	of	of	ADP	_	16 bucklers	case
15	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 bucklers	nmod:poss
16	bucklers	buckler	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 bosses	nmod
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 runneth	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	run	present	He					upon him = he; with a stiff neck; with the thick bosses of his bucklers	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon he=Trajectory

Sentence 2: (Writings JOB.15.26, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	JOB.15.26	JOB.15.26	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Writings	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 JOB.15.26	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 JOB.15.26	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 4

In a moment the heavens rang to the clash of swords on bucklers.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 moment	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 moment	det
3	moment	moment	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 rang	obl
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 heavens	det
5	heavens	heaven	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 rang	nsubj
6	rang	ring	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 clash	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 clash	det
9	clash	clash	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 rang	obl
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 swords	case
11	swords	sword	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 clash	nmod
12	on	on	ADP	_	13 bucklers	case
13	bucklers	buckler	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 swords	nmod
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 rang	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ring	past	the heavens				moment	to the clash of swords on bucklers	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	clash		swords on bucklers						nom clash «event intransitive»: of=agent

Example 5

He swung his buckler forward to guard himself.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 swung	nsubj
2	swung	swing	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 buckler	nmod:poss
4	buckler	buckler	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 swung	obj
5	forward	forward	ADV	_	2 swung	advmod
6	to	to	PART	_	7 guard	mark
7	guard	guard	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 swung	advcl
8	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	7 guard	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 swung	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swing	past	He	his buckler				forward property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent buckler=Theme
2	guard	to-infinitive	He not said here	himself = he					vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Beneficiary

Example 6

The knight raised his buckler against the blow.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 knight	det
2	knight	knight	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 raised	nsubj
3	raised	raise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 buckler	nmod:poss
5	buckler	buckler	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 raised	obj
6	against	against	ADP	_	8 blow	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 blow	det
8	blow	blow	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 raised	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 raised	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	raise	past	the knight	knight's buckler		the blow			vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent buckler=Theme against blow=Destination

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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