column

Who acts: column, things, row, tall stone post, long line, He · What happens: be, go, run up, run, hold up, march · To what, where: line, table, tall stone post, roof, regular article, newspaper

«column» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: column in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

A column is a line of things going straight up and down, one under another.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 column	det
2	column	column	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 line	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 line	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 line	det
5	line	line	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 things	case
7	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 line	nmod
8	going	go	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 things	acl
9	straight	straight	ADV	_	10 up	advmod
10	up	up	ADV	_	8 going	advmod
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 down	cc
12	down	down	ADV	_	10 up	conj
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 one	punct
14	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 line	appos
15	under	under	ADP	_	16 another	case
16	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	14 one	nmod
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 line	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a column	a line				of things	tree rules
2	go	gerund	things not said here						vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

In a table, a column runs up and down and a row runs across.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 table	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 table	det
3	table	table	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 runs	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 table	punct
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 column	det
6	column	column	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 runs	nsubj
7	runs	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	up	up	ADV	_	7 runs	advmod
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 down	cc
10	down	down	ADV	_	8 up	conj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 runs	cc
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 row	det
13	row	row	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 runs	nsubj
14	runs	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 runs	conj
15	across	across	ADV	_	14 runs	advmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 runs	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	run up	present	a column			a table			vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in table=Trajectory
2	run	present	a row					across property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Meaning 3

A column is a tall stone post that holds up a roof.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 column	det
2	column	column	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 post	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 post	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 post	det
5	tall	tall	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 post	amod
6	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 post	compound
7	post	post	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 holds	nsubj
9	holds	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 post	acl:relcl
10	up	up	ADP	_	9 holds	compound:prt
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 roof	det
12	roof	roof	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 holds	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 post	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a column	a tall stone post					tree rules
2	hold up	present	a tall stone post	a roof					vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot roof=Theme

Meaning 4

A column is also a regular article in a newspaper, or a long line of marching people.

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 column	det
2	column	column	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 article	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 article	cop
4	also	also	ADV	_	7 article	advmod
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 article	det
6	regular	regular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 article	amod
7	article	article	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 newspaper	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 newspaper	det
10	newspaper	newspaper	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 article	nmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 line	punct
12	or	or	CCONJ	_	15 line	cc
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 line	det
14	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 line	amod
15	line	line	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 article	conj
16	of	of	SCONJ	_	17 marching	mark
17	marching	march	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	15 line	acl
18	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 marching	obj
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 article	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a column	a regular article or a long line		a newspaper			tree rules
2	march	gerund	a long line not said here	people					vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Agent

Example 1

He hewed, as it were, immense column or colossal pillars, out of the intangible air, and from the empty space. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)

Sentence 1: He hewed, as it were, immense column or colossal pillars, out of the intangible air, and from the empty space.

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 hewed	nsubj
2	hewed	hew	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 column	punct
4	as	as	SCONJ	_	9 column	mark
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 column	nsubj
6	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 column	cop
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 column	punct
8	immense	immense	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 column	amod
9	column	column	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 hewed	obl
10	or	or	CCONJ	_	12 pillars	cc
11	colossal	colossal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 pillars	amod
12	pillars	pillar	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 column	conj
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 air	punct
14	out	out	ADP	_	18 air	case
15	of	of	ADP	_	18 air	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 air	det
17	intangible	intangible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 air	amod
18	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 hewed	obl
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 space	punct
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 space	cc
21	from	from	ADP	_	24 space	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 space	det
23	empty	empty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 space	amod
24	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 hewed	obl
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 hewed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hew	past	He			the intangible air		from the empty space	vn split-23.2 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient from space=Co-Patient
2	is a	past	it	immense column or colossal pillars					tree rules

Sentence 2: (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	flat
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Westcott	punct
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	conj
6	1887	1887	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 Westcott	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

')) Some Pythagoreans used the strokes with the principle of |iosi- tion without a zero in the columns of an abacus i Ur. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

Sentence 1: ')) Some Pythagoreans used the strokes with the principle of |iosi- tion without a zero in the columns of an abacus i Ur.

The tree, 23 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	'	'	PUNCT	_	5 used	punct
2	))	))	SCONJ	_	5 used	mark
3	Some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	4 Pythagoreans	det
4	Pythagoreans	Pythagorean	PROPN	Number=Plur	5 used	nsubj
5	used	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 strokes	det
7	strokes	stroke	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 used	obj
8	with	with	ADP	_	10 principle	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 principle	det
10	principle	principle	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 strokes	nmod
11	of	of	ADP	_	15 tion	case
12	\|	\|	PUNCT	_	11 of	punct
13	iosi	iosi	X	Foreign=Yes	15 tion	dep
14	-	-	PUNCT	_	15 tion	punct
15	tion	tion	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 principle	nmod
16	without	without	ADP	_	18 zero	case
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 zero	det
18	zero	zero	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 used	obl
19	in	in	ADP	_	21 columns	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 columns	det
21	columns	column	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 zero	nmod
22	of	of	ADP	_	24 abacus	case
23	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 abacus	det
24	abacus	abacus	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 columns	nmod
25	i	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	26 Ur	nsubj
26	Ur	Ur	PROPN	Number=Sing	24 abacus	appos
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 used	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	past	some Pythagoreans	the strokes				with the principle of tion; without a zero in the columns of a abacus	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stroke=Patient

Sentence 2: (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

The tree, 12 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Mordell	punct
2	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Origin	punct
4	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Origin	det
5	Origin	Origin	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Mordell	appos
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 Letters	case
7	Letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 Origin	nmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 Numerals	cc
9	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 Letters	conj
10	according	accord	VERB	ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 Sefer	case
11	to	to	ADP	_	10 according	fixed
12	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Mordell	nmod
13	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Sefer	flat
14	(	(	PUNCT	_	15 1914	punct
15	1914	1914	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 Mordell	list
16	))	))	PUNCT	_	2 Mordell	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	accord	gerund							vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent

Example 3

The chairs are in 6 columns with 5 chairs in each.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 chairs	det
2	chairs	chair	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 columns	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 columns	cop
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 columns	case
5	6	6	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	6 columns	nummod
6	columns	column	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
7	with	with	ADP	_	9 chairs	case
8	5	5	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	9 chairs	nummod
9	chairs	chair	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 columns	nmod
10	in	in	ADP	_	11 each	case
11	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	9 chairs	nmod
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 columns	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the chairs			6 columns		with 5 chairs in each	tree rules

Example 4

Each column of the table has 8 numbers.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	2 column	det
2	column	column	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 has	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 table	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 table	det
5	table	table	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 column	nmod
6	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	8	8	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	8 numbers	nummod
8	numbers	number	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 has	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	each column of the table	8 numbers					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Patient

Example 5

Mia puts 4 stickers in each column.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mia	Mia	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 puts	nsubj
2	puts	put	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	4	4	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	4 stickers	nummod
4	stickers	sticker	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 puts	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 column	case
6	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	7 column	det
7	column	column	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 puts	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 puts	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	put	present	Mia	4 stickers		each column			vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent sticker=Theme in column=Destination

Example 6

How many columns of 3 can she make with 21 cards?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	2 many	advmod
2	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 columns	amod
3	columns	column	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 make	nsubj
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 3	case
5	3	3	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 columns	nmod
6	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 make	aux
7	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 make	nsubj
8	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
9	with	with	ADP	_	11 cards	case
10	21	21	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	11 cards	nummod
11	cards	card	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 make	obl
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 make	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	can	many columns of 3					with 21 cards	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset

Example 7

Write the tens in the tens column.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Write	write	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 tens	det
3	tens	ten	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Write	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 column	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 column	det
6	tens	ten	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 column	compound
7	column	column	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Write	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Write	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write	imperative	you not said here	the tens		the tens column			vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent ten=Theme in column=Destination

Example 8

The old temple has tall stone columns.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 temple	det
2	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 temple	amod
3	temple	temple	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 has	nsubj
4	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	tall	tall	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 columns	amod
6	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 columns	compound
7	columns	column	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 has	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	the old temple	tall stone columns					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent column=Patient

Example 9

Add the numbers in the column.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Add	add	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 numbers	det
3	numbers	number	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Add	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 column	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 column	det
6	column	column	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Add	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Add	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	add speech: assert	imperative	you not said here	the numbers		the column			vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Patient

Example 10

A column of soldiers marched past.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 column	det
2	column	column	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 marched	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 soldiers	case
4	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 column	nmod
5	marched	march	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	past	past	ADV	_	5 marched	advmod
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 marched	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	march	past	a column of soldiers					past property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 11

Then he saw the statue on the tall column.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	3 saw	advmod
2	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 saw	nsubj
3	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statue	det
5	statue	statue	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 saw	obj
6	on	on	ADP	_	9 column	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 column	det
8	tall	tall	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 column	amod
9	column	column	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 saw	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 saw	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	past	he	the statue		the tall column	then		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer statue=Stimulus

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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