courtesy Who acts: Courtesy, u, i, many courtesies, iLis, It · What happens: be, mean, give, make, s, k · To what, where: polite act, c H, me, ihe uialeria, common courtesy, you · Speech: someone speaks here
«courtesy» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: courtesy in the Judaism dictionary .
Meaning 1 Courtesy is polite, kind and respectful behaviour towards other people.
nsubj cop punct conj cc amod conj case amod obl punct root Courtesy NOUN is AUX polite ADJ , PUNCT kind ADJ and CCONJ respectful ADJ behaviour NOUN towards ADP other ADJ people NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Courtesy courtesy NOUN Number=Sing 3 polite nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 polite cop 3 polite polite ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 kind punct 5 kind kind ADJ Degree=Pos 3 polite conj 6 and and CCONJ _ 8 behaviour cc 7 respectful respectful ADJ Degree=Pos 8 behaviour amod 8 behaviour behaviour NOUN Number=Sing 3 polite conj 9 towards towards ADP _ 11 people case 10 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 11 people amod 11 people people NOUN Number=Plur 3 polite obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 polite punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Courtesy towards other people; polite property tree rules 2 be Courtesy not said here tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A courtesy is a polite act or remark.
det nsubj cop det amod cc conj punct root A DET courtesy NOUN is AUX a DET polite ADJ act NOUN or CCONJ remark NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 courtesy det 2 courtesy courtesy NOUN Number=Sing 6 act nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 act cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 act det 5 polite polite ADJ Degree=Pos 6 act amod 6 act act NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 remark cc 8 remark remark NOUN Number=Sing 6 act conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 act punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a courtesy a polite act or remark tree rules
Meaning 3 Courtesy (bus, car, call) means given free as a polite service.
The tree, 11 words nsubj punct appos punct appos punct appos punct ccomp xcomp case det amod obl punct root Courtesy NOUN ( PUNCT bus NOUN , PUNCT car NOUN , PUNCT call NOUN ) PUNCT means VERB given VERB free ADJ as ADP a DET polite ADJ service NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Courtesy courtesy NOUN Number=Sing 9 means nsubj 2 ( ( PUNCT _ 3 bus punct 3 bus bus NOUN Number=Sing 1 Courtesy appos 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 car punct 5 car car NOUN Number=Sing 3 bus appos 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 call punct 7 call call NOUN Number=Sing 3 bus appos 8 ) ) PUNCT _ 3 bus punct 9 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 10 given give VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 means ccomp 11 free free ADJ Degree=Pos 10 given xcomp 12 as as ADP _ 15 service case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 service det 14 polite polite ADJ Degree=Pos 15 service amod 15 service service NOUN Number=Sing 11 free obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 9 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Courtesy vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 give participle free property vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient
Meaning 4 «Courtesy of» means given or made possible by someone.
punct nsubj case punct ccomp cc conj xcomp case obl punct root « PUNCT Courtesy NOUN of ADP » PUNCT means VERB given VERB or CCONJ made VERB possible ADJ by ADP someone PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Courtesy punct 2 Courtesy courtesy NOUN Number=Sing 5 means nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 » case 4 » » PUNCT _ 2 Courtesy punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 given give VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 means ccomp 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 made cc 8 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 given conj 9 possible possible ADJ Degree=Pos 8 made xcomp 10 by by ADP _ 11 someone case 11 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 made obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Courtesy vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 give participle vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient 3 make participle by someone; possible property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
Example 1 Henry Malter. and Dr I s a a c H u s i k for many courtesies fittnded to me in iLis work, both in the arrangement of ihe uialeria! and in style. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
Sentence 1: Henry Malter. and Dr I s a a c H u s i k for many courtesies fittnded to me in iLis work, both in the arrangement of ihe uialeria! and in style.
The tree, 33 words nsubj flat punct cc conj nsubj det det compound obj nsubj acl:relcl nsubj ccomp mark amod nsubj ccomp case obl mark nsubj advcl punct cc:preconj case det parataxis case compound nmod punct cc case conj punct root Henry PROPN Malter PROPN . PUNCT and CCONJ Dr PROPN I PRON s AUX a DET a DET c NOUN H NOUN u PRON s VERB i PRON k VERB for SCONJ many ADJ courtesies NOUN fittnded VERB to ADP me PRON in SCONJ iLis NOUN work VERB , PUNCT both CCONJ in ADP the DET arrangement NOUN of ADP ihe NOUN uialeria NOUN ! PUNCT and CCONJ in ADP style NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Henry Henry PROPN Number=Sing 7 s nsubj 2 Malter Malter PROPN Number=Sing 1 Henry flat 3 . . PUNCT _ 1 Henry punct 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 Dr cc 5 Dr Dr PROPN Number=Sing 1 Henry conj 6 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 7 s nsubj 7 s be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres Typo=Yes VerbForm=Fin root root 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 H det 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 H det 10 c c NOUN Number=Sing 11 H compound 11 H H NOUN Number=Sing 7 s obj 12 u you PRON Abbr=Yes Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 13 s nsubj 13 s s VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 H acl:relcl 14 i I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 15 k nsubj 15 k k VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 s ccomp 16 for for SCONJ _ 19 fittnded mark 17 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 18 courtesies amod 18 courtesies courtesy NOUN Number=Plur 19 fittnded nsubj 19 fittnded fittnd VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 15 k ccomp 20 to to ADP _ 21 me case 21 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 19 fittnded obl 22 in in SCONJ _ 24 work mark 23 iLis ili NOUN Number=Plur 24 work nsubj 24 work work VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 19 fittnded advcl 25 , , PUNCT _ 29 arrangement punct 26 both both CCONJ _ 29 arrangement cc:preconj 27 in in ADP _ 29 arrangement case 28 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 29 arrangement det 29 arrangement arrangement NOUN Number=Sing 19 fittnded parataxis 30 of of ADP _ 32 uialeria case 31 ihe ihe NOUN Number=Sing 32 uialeria compound 32 uialeria uialeria NOUN Number=Plur 29 arrangement nmod 33 ! ! PUNCT _ 32 uialeria punct 34 and and CCONJ _ 36 style cc 35 in in ADP _ 36 style case 36 style style NOUN Number=Sing 32 uialeria conj 37 . . PUNCT _ 7 s punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 s present u a c H not said here tree rules 2 k present i tree rules 3 fittnd past many courtesies me tree rules 4 work present iLis vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent 5 arrange ihe uialeria and style nom arrangement «cognition transitive»: of=patient
Sentence 2: (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
The tree, 12 words punct punct det appos case nmod cc conj case fixed nmod flat punct list punct root ( PUNCT Mordell PROPN , PUNCT The DET Origin PROPN of ADP Letters NOUN and CCONJ Numerals NOUN according VERB to ADP Sefer PROPN Yetzirah PROPN ( PUNCT 1914 NUM )) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Mordell punct 2 Mordell Mordell PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 5 Origin punct 4 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 Origin det 5 Origin Origin PROPN Number=Sing 2 Mordell appos 6 of of ADP _ 7 Letters case 7 Letters letter NOUN Number=Plur 5 Origin nmod 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 Numerals cc 9 Numerals numeral NOUN Number=Plur 7 Letters conj 10 according accord VERB ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 12 Sefer case 11 to to ADP _ 10 according fixed 12 Sefer Sefer PROPN Number=Sing 2 Mordell nmod 13 Yetzirah Yetzirah PROPN Number=Sing 12 Sefer flat 14 ( ( PUNCT _ 15 1914 punct 15 1914 1914 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 Mordell list 16 )) )) PUNCT _ 2 Mordell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 accord gerund vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent
Example 2 It is common courtesy to say thank you.
nsubj cop amod mark acl ccomp obj punct root It PRON is AUX common ADJ courtesy NOUN to PART say VERB thank VERB you PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 courtesy nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 courtesy cop 3 common common ADJ Degree=Pos 4 courtesy amod 4 courtesy courtesy NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 to to PART _ 6 say mark 6 say say VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 courtesy acl 7 thank thank VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 say ccomp 8 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 thank obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 courtesy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present It common courtesy tree rules 2 say speech: assert to-infinitive vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 thank speech: thank infinitive you vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme
Example 3 He held the door open out of courtesy.
nsubj det obj xcomp case case obl punct root He PRON held VERB the DET door NOUN open ADJ out ADP of ADP courtesy NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 held nsubj 2 held hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 door det 4 door door NOUN Number=Sing 2 held obj 5 open open ADJ Degree=Pos 2 held xcomp 6 out out ADP _ 8 courtesy case 7 of of ADP _ 8 courtesy case 8 courtesy courtesy NOUN Number=Sing 5 open obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 held punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold past He the door open property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent door=Theme
Example 4 The hotel has a free courtesy bus to the airport.
det nsubj det amod compound obj case det nmod punct root The DET hotel NOUN has VERB a DET free ADJ courtesy NOUN bus NOUN to ADP the DET airport NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 hotel det 2 hotel hotel NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 bus det 5 free free ADJ Degree=Pos 7 bus amod 6 courtesy courtesy NOUN Number=Sing 7 bus compound 7 bus bus NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 8 to to ADP _ 10 airport case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 airport det 10 airport airport NOUN Number=Sing 7 bus nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the hotel a free courtesy bus to the airport vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bus=Patient
Example 5 The photos are courtesy of our school club.
det nsubj cop case nmod:poss compound nmod punct root The DET photos NOUN are AUX courtesy NOUN of ADP our PRON school NOUN club NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 photos det 2 photos photo NOUN Number=Plur 4 courtesy nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 courtesy cop 4 courtesy courtesy NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 8 club case 6 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 club nmod:poss 7 school school NOUN Number=Sing 8 club compound 8 club club NOUN Number=Sing 4 courtesy nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 courtesy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the photos courtesy of our school club tree rules
Example 6 Please show courtesy to visitors.
discourse obj case obl punct root Please INTJ show VERB courtesy NOUN to ADP visitors NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Please please INTJ _ 2 show discourse 2 show show VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 courtesy courtesy NOUN Number=Sing 2 show obj 4 to to ADP _ 5 visitors case 5 visitors visitor NOUN Number=Plur 2 show obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 show punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show imperative you not said here courtesy visitors vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent courtesy=Topic to visitor=Recipient
Example 7 The garage gave us a courtesy car while ours was fixed.
det nsubj iobj det compound obj mark nsubj:pass aux:pass advcl punct root The DET garage NOUN gave VERB us PRON a DET courtesy NOUN car NOUN while SCONJ ours PRON was AUX fixed VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 garage det 2 garage garage NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave nsubj 3 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 gave iobj 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 car det 6 courtesy courtesy NOUN Number=Sing 7 car compound 7 car car NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave obj 8 while while SCONJ _ 11 fixed mark 9 ours our PRON Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 fixed nsubj:pass 10 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 fixed aux:pass 11 fixed fix VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 gave advcl 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past the garage a courtesy car us vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent we=Recipient car=Theme 2 fix past · passive ours vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: subject=Patient
Example 8 ‘Thanks for your courtesy,’ replied Simon.
punct nsubj case nmod:poss nmod punct punct nsubj punct root ‘ PUNCT Thanks NOUN for ADP your PRON courtesy NOUN , PUNCT ’ PUNCT replied VERB Simon PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ‘ ' PUNCT _ 2 Thanks punct 2 Thanks thanks NOUN Number=Sing 8 replied nsubj 3 for for ADP _ 5 courtesy case 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 courtesy nmod:poss 5 courtesy courtesy NOUN Number=Sing 2 Thanks nmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 2 Thanks punct 7 ’ ' PUNCT _ 2 Thanks punct 8 replied reply VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 Simon Simon PROPN Number=Sing 8 replied nsubj 10 . . PUNCT _ 8 replied punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 reply speech: assert past Thanks for your courtesy vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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