defile

Who acts: defile, few, thou, He, I, that · What happens: be, pass, defile, dirty, spoil, not use · To what, where: narrow path, something, it, thyself, himself, chief man · Speech: someone speaks here

«defile» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: defile in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

A defile is a narrow path or valley between high rocks or hills, where only a few can pass at a time.

The tree, 22 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 defile	det
2	defile	defile	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 path	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 path	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 path	det
5	narrow	narrow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 path	amod
6	path	path	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	8 valley	cc
8	valley	valley	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 path	conj
9	between	between	ADP	_	11 rocks	case
10	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 rocks	amod
11	rocks	rock	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 path	nmod
12	or	or	CCONJ	_	13 hills	cc
13	hills	hill	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 rocks	conj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 pass	punct
15	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	20 pass	advmod
16	only	only	ADV	_	18 few	advmod
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 few	det
18	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 pass	nsubj
19	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	20 pass	aux
20	pass	pass	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 path	parataxis
21	at	at	ADP	_	23 time	case
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 time	det
23	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 pass	obl
24	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 path	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a defile	a narrow path or valley				between high rocks or hills	tree rules
2	pass	can	a few				time		vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: verb, old use — kept apart, not parsed.

To defile something is to make it dirty or spoil it so it cannot be used.

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 defile	mark
2	defile	defile	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 make	csubj
3	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	2 defile	obj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 make	cop
5	to	to	PART	_	6 make	mark
6	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 make	obj
8	dirty	dirty	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 make	xcomp
9	or	or	CCONJ	_	10 spoil	cc
10	spoil	spoil	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 dirty	conj
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 spoil	obj
12	so	so	SCONJ	_	17 used	mark
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 used	nsubj:pass
14	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	17 used	aux
15	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	17 used	advmod
16	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	17 used	aux:pass
17	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 spoil	advcl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 make	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	defile	to-infinitive	something		tree rules
2	is	present		make property	tree rules
3	dirty	infinitive			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
4	spoil	infinitive	it		tree rules
5	not use	can · passive	it		vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Example 1

And thou shalt not lie carnally with thy neighbour's wife, to defile thyself with her. (Torah LEV.18.20, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: And thou shalt not lie carnally with thy neighbour's wife, to defile thyself with her.

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	5 lie	cc
2	thou	thou	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	5 lie	nsubj
3	shalt	shall	AUX	Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin	5 lie	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 lie	advmod
5	lie	lie	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	carnally	carnally	ADV	_	5 lie	advmod
7	with	with	ADP	_	11 wife	case
8	thy	thy	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch	9 neighbour	nmod:poss
9	neighbour	neighbour	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 wife	nmod:poss
10	's	's	PART	_	9 neighbour	case
11	wife	wife	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 lie	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 defile	punct
13	to	to	PART	_	14 defile	mark
14	defile	defile	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 lie	conj
15	thyself	thyself	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes Style=Arch	14 defile	obj
16	with	with	ADP	_	17 her	case
17	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 defile	obl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 lie	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not lie	shall	thou					with thy neighbour's wife; carnally property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	defile	to-infinitive	thou not said here	thyself				with wife	tree rules

Sentence 2: (Torah LEV.18.20, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	3 LEV.18.20	punct
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 LEV.18.20	compound
3	LEV.18.20	LEV.18.20	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 LEV.18.20	conj
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 JPS	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	3 LEV.18.20	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

He shall not defile himself, being a chief man among his people, to profane himself. (Torah LEV.21.4, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: He shall not defile himself, being a chief man among his people, to profane himself.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 defile	nsubj
2	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 defile	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 defile	advmod
4	defile	defile	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	4 defile	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 man	punct
7	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 man	cop
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 man	det
9	chief	chief	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 man	amod
10	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 defile	obl
11	among	among	ADP	_	13 people	case
12	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 people	nmod:poss
13	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 man	nmod
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 profane	punct
15	to	to	PART	_	16 profane	mark
16	profane	profane	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 defile	conj
17	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	16 profane	obj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 defile	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	not defile	shall	He	himself = he		tree rules
2	is a	gerund		a chief man	among man's people	tree rules
3	profane	to-infinitive	He not said here	man		tree rules

Sentence 2: (Torah LEV.21.4, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	3 LEV.21.4	punct
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 LEV.21.4	compound
3	LEV.21.4	LEV.21.4	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 LEV.21.4	conj
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 JPS	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	3 LEV.21.4	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 3

neither shall he go in to any dead body, nor defile himself for his father, or for his mother; (Torah LEV.21.11, JPS 1917)

The tree, 23 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	neither	neither	ADV	_	4 go	advmod
2	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 go	aux
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 go	nsubj
4	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	in	in	ADV	_	4 go	advmod
6	to	to	ADP	_	9 body	case
7	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	9 body	det
8	dead	dead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 body	amod
9	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 go	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 defile	punct
11	nor	nor	CCONJ	Polarity=Neg	12 defile	cc
12	defile	defile	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 body	conj
13	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes	12 defile	nmod:unmarked
14	for	for	ADP	_	16 father	case
15	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 father	nmod:poss
16	father	father	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 go	obl
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 mother	punct
18	or	or	CCONJ	_	21 mother	cc
19	for	for	ADP	_	21 mother	case
20	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	21 mother	nmod:poss
21	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 father	conj
22	;	;	PUNCT	_	25 LEV.21.11	punct
23	(	(	PUNCT	_	25 LEV.21.11	punct
24	Torah	Torah	PROPN	Number=Sing	25 LEV.21.11	compound
25	LEV.21.11	LEV.21.11	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 go	obl
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 JPS	punct
27	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	25 LEV.21.11	appos
28	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	27 JPS	flat
29	)	)	PUNCT	_	27 JPS	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go in	shall	he	Torah LEV.21.11		any dead body nor defile himself		for his father or his mother; neither property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to body=Initial_Location

Example 4

I have washed my feet; how shall I defile them? (Writings SNG.5.3, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: I have washed my feet; how shall I defile them?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 washed	nsubj
2	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 washed	aux
3	washed	wash	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 feet	nmod:poss
5	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 washed	obj
6	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 defile	punct
7	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	10 defile	advmod
8	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 defile	aux
9	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	10 defile	nsubj
10	defile	defile	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 washed	advcl
11	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 defile	obj
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 washed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wash	present · perfect	I	my feet					vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foot=Patient
2	defile	shall	I	feet = foot					tree rules

Sentence 2: (Writings SNG.5.3, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	SNG.5.3	SNG.5.3	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Writings	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 SNG.5.3	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 SNG.5.3	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 5

But thou art man, and not God, in the hand of them that defile thee. (Prophets EZK.28.9, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: But thou art man, and not God, in the hand of them that defile thee.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	But	but	CCONJ	_	3 art	cc
2	thou	thou	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	3 art	nsubj
3	art	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 art	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 God	punct
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 God	cc
7	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 God	advmod
8	God	God	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 art	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 hand	punct
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 hand	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 hand	det
12	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 God	appos
13	of	of	ADP	_	14 them	case
14	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 hand	nmod
15	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	16 defile	nsubj
16	defile	defile	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 hand	conj
17	thee	thou	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	16 defile	nmod:unmarked
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 art	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	defile		that	thee					tree rules

Sentence 2: (Prophets EZK.28.9, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	EZK.28.9	EZK.28.9	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Prophets	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 EZK.28.9	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 EZK.28.9	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 6

But they set their abominations in the house whereupon My name is called, to defile it. (Prophets JER.32.34, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: But they set their abominations in the house whereupon My name is called, to defile it.

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	But	but	CCONJ	_	3 set	cc
2	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 set	nsubj
3	set	set	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 abominations	nmod:poss
5	abominations	abomination	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 set	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 house	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 house	det
8	house	house	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 set	obl
9	whereupon	whereupon	ADV	PronType=Int	13 called	advmod
10	My	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 name	nmod:poss
11	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 called	nsubj:pass
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 called	aux:pass
13	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 set	parataxis
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 defile	punct
15	to	to	PART	_	16 defile	mark
16	defile	defile	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 called	advcl
17	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 defile	obj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 set	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	set	past	they	their abominations	the house		vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent abomination=Theme in house=Destination
2	call	present · passive		My name		whereupon property	vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
3	defile	to-infinitive		name			tree rules
4	name		My				nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Sentence 2: (Prophets JER.32.34, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	JER.32.34	JER.32.34	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Prophets	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 JER.32.34	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 JER.32.34	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 7

The army marched through the defile in single file.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 army	det
2	army	army	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 marched	nsubj
3	marched	march	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	through	through	ADP	_	6 defile	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 defile	det
6	defile	defile	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 marched	obl
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 file	case
8	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 file	amod
9	file	file	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 marched	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 marched	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	march	past	the army			the defile		in single file	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through defile=Trajectory

Example 8

The road ran through a narrow defile between two cliffs.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 road	det
2	road	road	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ran	nsubj
3	ran	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	through	through	ADP	_	7 defile	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 defile	det
6	narrow	narrow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 defile	amod
7	defile	defile	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ran	obl
8	between	between	ADP	_	10 cliffs	case
9	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 cliffs	nummod
10	cliffs	cliff	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 ran	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 ran	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	run	past	the road			a narrow defile		between two cliffs	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through defile=Trajectory

Example 9

Do not defile the spring with rubbish.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Do	do	AUX	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	3 defile	aux
2	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	3 defile	advmod
3	defile	defile	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 spring	det
5	spring	spring	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 defile	obj
6	with	with	ADP	_	7 rubbish	case
7	rubbish	rubbish	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 defile	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 defile	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not defile	imperative · do-support	you not said here				spring	with rubbish	tree rules

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/D/defile/