during Who acts: He, items, word, concealed lower organs, sphere, it · What happens: mean, call, refer, emerge, hide, conceal · To what, where: point, tongue, word, mouth, same, setting · Speech: someone speaks here
«during» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: during in the Judaism dictionary .
Meaning 1 During means all through a time: «during the night».
case advmod case det obl punct punct case det parataxis punct punct root During ADP means VERB all ADV through ADP a DET time NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT during ADP the DET night NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 During during ADP _ 2 means case 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 all all ADV _ 6 time advmod 4 through through ADP _ 6 time case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 time det 6 time time NOUN Number=Sing 2 means obl 7 : : PUNCT _ 2 means punct 8 « « PUNCT _ 11 night punct 9 during during ADP _ 11 night case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 night det 11 night night NOUN Number=Sing 2 means parataxis 12 » » PUNCT _ 11 night punct 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present time vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 During means at some point in a time: «He called during dinner».
The tree, 12 words case case det obl case det nmod punct punct nsubj parataxis case obl punct punct root During ADP means VERB at ADP some DET point NOUN in ADP a DET time NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT He PRON called VERB during ADP dinner NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 During during ADP _ 2 means case 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 at at ADP _ 5 point case 4 some some DET PronType=Ind 5 point det 5 point point NOUN Number=Sing 2 means obl 6 in in ADP _ 8 time case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 time det 8 time time NOUN Number=Sing 5 point nmod 9 : : PUNCT _ 12 called punct 10 « « PUNCT _ 12 called punct 11 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 called nsubj 12 called call VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 means parataxis 13 during during ADP _ 14 dinner case 14 dinner dinner NOUN Number=Sing 12 called obl 15 » » PUNCT _ 12 called punct 16 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present some point in a time vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 call in a quote past He during dinner vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 Both items refer to anatomical hiddenness: the word emerging from the tongue, hidden in the mouth, and circumcision of the genitals, the concealed lower organs revealed during circumcision. (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)
Sentence 1: Both items refer to anatomical hiddenness: the word emerging from the tongue, hidden in the mouth, and circumcision of the genitals, the concealed lower organs revealed during circumcision.
The tree, 28 words det nsubj case amod obl punct det appos acl case det obl punct acl case det obl punct cc appos case det nmod punct det amod amod nsubj conj case obl punct root Both DET items NOUN refer VERB to ADP anatomical ADJ hiddenness NOUN : PUNCT the DET word NOUN emerging VERB from ADP the DET tongue NOUN , PUNCT hidden VERB in ADP the DET mouth NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ circumcision NOUN of ADP the DET genitals NOUN , PUNCT the DET concealed VERB lower ADJ organs NOUN revealed VERB during ADP circumcision NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Both both DET PronType=Tot 2 items det 2 items item NOUN Number=Plur 3 refer nsubj 3 refer refer VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to ADP _ 6 hiddenness case 5 anatomical anatomical ADJ Degree=Pos 6 hiddenness amod 6 hiddenness hiddenness NOUN Number=Sing 3 refer obl 7 : : PUNCT _ 9 word punct 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 word det 9 word word NOUN Number=Sing 6 hiddenness appos 10 emerging emerge VERB VerbForm=Ger 9 word acl 11 from from ADP _ 13 tongue case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 tongue det 13 tongue tongue NOUN Number=Sing 10 emerging obl 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 hidden punct 15 hidden hide VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 word acl 16 in in ADP _ 18 mouth case 17 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 mouth det 18 mouth mouth NOUN Number=Sing 15 hidden obl 19 , , PUNCT _ 21 circumcision punct 20 and and CCONJ _ 21 circumcision cc 21 circumcision circumcision NOUN Number=Sing 9 word appos 22 of of ADP _ 24 genitals case 23 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 24 genitals det 24 genitals genitals NOUN Number=Ptan 21 circumcision nmod 25 , , PUNCT _ 30 revealed punct 26 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 29 organs det 27 concealed conceal VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 29 organs amod 28 lower low ADJ Degree=Cmp 29 organs amod 29 organs organ NOUN Number=Plur 30 revealed nsubj 30 revealed reveal VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 word conj 31 during during ADP _ 32 circumcision case 32 circumcision circumcision NOUN Number=Sing 30 revealed obl 33 . . PUNCT _ 3 refer punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 refer present both items to anatomical hiddenness vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to hiddenness=Co-Theme 2 emerge gerund the word not said here the tongue vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from tongue=Initial_Location 3 hide participle the word not said here the mouth vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in mouth=Location 4 conceal participle vn concealment-16 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 5 reveal past the concealed lower organs during circumcision vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Sentence 2: (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)
punct flat punct compound compound appos punct root ( PUNCT Sefer PROPN Yetzirah PROPN , PUNCT Sefaria PROPN community NOUN translation NOUN ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct 2 Sefer Sefer PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 Yetzirah Yetzirah PROPN Number=Sing 2 Sefer flat 4 , , PUNCT _ 7 translation punct 5 Sefaria Sefaria PROPN Number=Sing 7 translation compound 6 community community NOUN Number=Sing 7 translation compound 7 translation translation NOUN Number=Sing 2 Sefer appos 8 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 2 Just as the sphere remains the same during the rotation on its axis in its setting and in its rising; yet it appears to us as if it had undergone a great change on account of its different position. (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
Sentence 1: Just as the sphere remains the same during the rotation on its axis in its setting and in its rising; yet it appears to us as if it had undergone a great change on account of its different position.
The tree, 39 words advmod mark det nsubj det obj case det obl case nmod:poss nmod case nmod:poss obl cc case nmod:poss conj punct cc nsubj conj case obl mark mark nsubj:pass aux advcl det amod obj case nmod case nmod:poss amod nmod punct root Just ADV as SCONJ the DET sphere NOUN remains VERB the DET same ADJ during ADP the DET rotation NOUN on ADP its PRON axis NOUN in ADP its PRON setting NOUN and CCONJ in ADP its PRON rising NOUN ; PUNCT yet CCONJ it PRON appears VERB to ADP us PRON as SCONJ if SCONJ it PRON had AUX undergone VERB a DET great ADJ change NOUN on ADP account NOUN of ADP its PRON different ADJ position NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Just just ADV _ 5 remains advmod 2 as as SCONJ _ 5 remains mark 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 sphere det 4 sphere sphere NOUN Number=Sing 5 remains nsubj 5 remains remain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 same det 7 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 5 remains obj 8 during during ADP _ 10 rotation case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 rotation det 10 rotation rotation NOUN Number=Sing 5 remains obl 11 on on ADP _ 13 axis case 12 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 axis nmod:poss 13 axis axis NOUN Number=Sing 10 rotation nmod 14 in in ADP _ 16 setting case 15 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 16 setting nmod:poss 16 setting setting NOUN Number=Sing 5 remains obl 17 and and CCONJ _ 20 rising cc 18 in in ADP _ 20 rising case 19 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 20 rising nmod:poss 20 rising rising NOUN Number=Sing 16 setting conj 21 ; ; PUNCT _ 24 appears punct 22 yet yet CCONJ _ 24 appears cc 23 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 24 appears nsubj 24 appears appear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 remains conj 25 to to ADP _ 26 us case 26 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 24 appears obl 27 as as SCONJ _ 31 undergone mark 28 if if SCONJ _ 31 undergone mark 29 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 31 undergone nsubj:pass 30 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 31 undergone aux 31 undergone undergo VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 24 appears advcl 32 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 34 change det 33 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 34 change amod 34 change change NOUN Number=Sing 31 undergone obj 35 on on ADP _ 36 account case 36 account account NOUN Number=Sing 34 change nmod 37 of of ADP _ 40 position case 38 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 40 position nmod:poss 39 different different ADJ Degree=Pos 40 position amod 40 position position NOUN Number=Sing 34 change nmod 41 . . PUNCT _ 5 remains punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 remain present the sphere the same sphere's setting and sphere's rising during the rotation on sphere's axis vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme same=Attribute 2 appear present it us vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 undergo past · perfect · passive sphere tree rules 4 rise sphere nom rising «event intransitive»: poss=agent 5 change sphere's different position account nom change «event intransitive»: on=place of=agent
Sentence 2: (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
punct flat punct conj flat punct root ( PUNCT Sefer PROPN Yetzirah PROPN , PUNCT Kalisch PROPN 1877 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct 2 Sefer Sefer PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 Yetzirah Yetzirah PROPN Number=Sing 2 Sefer flat 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 Kalisch punct 5 Kalisch Kalisch PROPN Number=Sing 2 Sefer conj 6 1877 1877 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 Kalisch flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 3 During the week, she read 40 pages.
case det obl punct nsubj nummod obj punct root During ADP the DET week NOUN , PUNCT she PRON read VERB 40 NUM pages NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 During during ADP _ 3 week case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 week det 3 week week NOUN Number=Sing 6 read obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 week punct 5 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 read nsubj 6 read read VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 40 40 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 pages nummod 8 pages page NOUN Number=Plur 6 read obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 read punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 read past she 40 pages week vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent page=Topic
Example 4 He scored 12 points during the game.
nsubj nummod obj case det obl punct root He PRON scored VERB 12 NUM points NOUN during ADP the DET game NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 scored nsubj 2 scored score VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 12 12 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 points nummod 4 points point NOUN Number=Plur 2 scored obj 5 during during ADP _ 7 game case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 game det 7 game game NOUN Number=Sing 2 scored obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 scored punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 score past He 12 points during the game vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent point=Theme
Example 5 During the summer, 25 birds visited.
case det obl punct nummod nsubj:pass punct root During ADP the DET summer NOUN , PUNCT 25 NUM birds NOUN visited VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 During during ADP _ 3 summer case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 summer det 3 summer summer NOUN Number=Sing 7 visited obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 summer punct 5 25 25 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 birds nummod 6 birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 7 visited nsubj:pass 7 visited visit VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 visited punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 visit participle · passive 25 birds summer vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Agent
Example 6 How many did they sell during the sale?
advmod obj aux nsubj case det obl punct root How ADV many ADJ did AUX they PRON sell VERB during ADP the DET sale NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 many advmod 2 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 5 sell obj 3 did do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 sell aux 4 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 sell nsubj 5 sell sell VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 during during ADP _ 8 sale case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 sale det 8 sale sale NOUN Number=Sing 5 sell obl 9 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 sell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sell past · do-support they many during the sale vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent many=Theme
Example 7 Please don't talk during the test.
discourse aux advmod case det obl punct root Please INTJ do AUX n't PART talk VERB during ADP the DET test NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Please please INTJ _ 4 talk discourse 2 do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 4 talk aux 3 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 4 talk advmod 4 talk talk VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 5 during during ADP _ 7 test case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 test det 7 test test NOUN Number=Sing 4 talk obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 talk punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not talk imperative · do-support you not said here during the test vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 8 Bats sleep during the day.
nsubj case det obl punct root Bats NOUN sleep VERB during ADP the DET day NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bats bat NOUN Number=Plur 2 sleep nsubj 2 sleep sleep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 during during ADP _ 5 day case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 day det 5 day day NOUN Number=Sing 2 sleep obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 sleep punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sleep present Bats day vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 9 We visited Gran during the holidays.
nsubj obj case det obl punct root We PRON visited VERB Gran PROPN during ADP the DET holidays NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 visited nsubj 2 visited visit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 Gran Gran PROPN Number=Sing 2 visited obj 4 during during ADP _ 6 holidays case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 holidays det 6 holidays holiday NOUN Number=Plur 2 visited obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 visited punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 visit past We Gran during the holidays vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gran=Co-Agent
Example 10 During a fire drill, walk quietly outside.
case det compound obl punct advmod advmod punct root During ADP a DET fire NOUN drill NOUN , PUNCT walk VERB quietly ADV outside ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 During during ADP _ 4 drill case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 drill det 3 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 4 drill compound 4 drill drill NOUN Number=Sing 6 walk obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 drill punct 6 walk walk VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 quietly quietly ADV _ 6 walk advmod 8 outside outside ADV _ 6 walk advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 walk punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 walk imperative you not said here during a fire drill outside, quietly property vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 11 During the night the wolves had eaten it.
case det obl det nsubj:pass aux obj punct root During ADP the DET night NOUN the DET wolves NOUN had AUX eaten VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 During during ADP _ 3 night case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 night det 3 night night NOUN Number=Sing 7 eaten obl 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 wolves det 5 wolves wolf NOUN Number=Plur 7 eaten nsubj:pass 6 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 eaten aux 7 eaten eat VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 eaten obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 7 eaten punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat past · perfect · passive the wolves night tree rules
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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