est

Who acts: Est, il, est content, s, content, L'est · What happens: mean, be, content, sound, say, establish · To what, where: French, east, st, Eastern, English ending, Latin · Speech: someone speaks here

«est» in the Judaism dictionary: its 6 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: est in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

Usage: French — kept apart, not parsed.

«Est» means «is» in French: «il est content» is «he is happy»; the «s» and «t» are silent, so it sounds like «eh».

The tree, 23 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 Est	punct
2	Est	Est	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 means	nsubj
3	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 Est	punct
4	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	«	«	PUNCT	_	9 French	punct
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 French	cop
7	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 is	punct
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 French	case
9	French	French	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 means	conj
10	:	:	PUNCT	_	20 happy	punct
11	«	«	PUNCT	_	14 content	punct
12	il	il	X	Foreign=Yes	14 content	nsubj
13	est	est	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 content	compound
14	content	content	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 happy	nsubj
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	14 content	punct
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 happy	cop
17	«	«	PUNCT	_	20 happy	punct
18	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 happy	nsubj
19	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 happy	cop
20	happy	happy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 means	parataxis
21	»	»	PUNCT	_	20 happy	punct
22	;	;	PUNCT	_	32 silent	punct
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 s	det
24	«	«	PUNCT	_	25 s	punct
25	s	s	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 silent	nsubj
26	»	»	PUNCT	_	25 s	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 t	cc
28	«	«	PUNCT	_	29 t	punct
29	t	t	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 s	conj
30	»	»	PUNCT	_	29 t	punct
31	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	32 silent	cop
32	silent	silent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 means	parataxis
33	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 sounds	punct
34	so	so	ADV	_	36 sounds	advmod
35	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	36 sounds	nsubj
36	sounds	sound	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 means	parataxis
37	like	like	ADP	_	39 eh	case
38	«	«	PUNCT	_	39 eh	punct
39	eh	eh	INTJ	_	36 sounds	discourse
40	»	»	PUNCT	_	39 eh	punct
41	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Est			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	is	present	Est not said here	French		tree rules
3	content in a quote		il			tree rules
4	is in a quote	present	est content		happy property	tree rules
5	is	present	the s and t		silent property	tree rules
6	sound	present	content			vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: French — kept apart, not parsed.

«L'est» also means «the east» in French, and then the «st» is said.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 L'est	punct
2	L'est	L'est	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 means	nsubj
3	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 L'est	punct
4	also	also	ADV	_	5 means	advmod
5	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	«	«	PUNCT	_	8 east	punct
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 east	det
8	east	east	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 means	obj
9	»	»	PUNCT	_	8 east	punct
10	in	in	ADP	_	11 French	case
11	French	French	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 east	nmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 said	punct
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 said	cc
14	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	20 said	advmod
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 st	det
16	«	«	PUNCT	_	17 st	punct
17	st	St	PROPN	Number=Sing	20 said	nsubj:pass
18	»	»	PUNCT	_	17 st	punct
19	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 said	aux:pass
20	said	say	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 means	conj
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	L'est	the east				in French	vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot east=Theme in french=Attribute
2	say speech: assert	present · passive		the st			then		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic

Meaning 3

Usage: abbreviation — kept apart, not parsed.

«Est.» is short for «established» (when a shop or school began) or «estimated» (a guess that is close).

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 Est	punct
2	Est	Est	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 short	nsubj
3	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 Est	punct
4	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 Est	punct
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 short	cop
6	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	for	for	SCONJ	_	9 established	mark
8	«	«	PUNCT	_	9 established	punct
9	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 short	ccomp
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	9 established	punct
11	(	(	PUNCT	_	17 began	punct
12	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	17 began	advmod
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 shop	det
14	shop	shop	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 began	nsubj
15	or	or	CCONJ	_	16 school	cc
16	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 shop	conj
17	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 short	parataxis
18	)	)	PUNCT	_	17 began	punct
19	or	or	CCONJ	_	21 estimated	cc
20	«	«	PUNCT	_	21 estimated	punct
21	estimated	estimate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	17 began	parataxis
22	»	»	PUNCT	_	21 estimated	punct
23	(	(	PUNCT	_	28 close	punct
24	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 guess	det
25	guess	guess	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 close	nsubj
26	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	28 close	nsubj
27	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	28 close	cop
28	close	close	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 estimated	parataxis
29	)	)	PUNCT	_	28 close	punct
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 short	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	is	present	Est	short property	tree rules
2	establish in a quote	participle	Est not said here		vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	begin	past	a shop or school		vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
4	estimate in a quote	participle			vn estimate-34.2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Value
5	is	present	a guess	close property	tree rules

Meaning 4

Usage: abbreviation — kept apart, not parsed.

«EST» means Eastern Standard Time, the clock time in the eastern USA and Canada.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 EST	punct
2	EST	EST	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 means	nsubj
3	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 EST	punct
4	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	Eastern	Eastern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 means	obj
6	Standard	Standard	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 Time	compound
7	Time	Time	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 Eastern	nmod:unmarked
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 time	punct
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 time	det
10	clock	clock	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 time	compound
11	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 Eastern	appos
12	in	in	ADP	_	15 USA	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 USA	det
14	eastern	eastern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 USA	amod
15	USA	USA	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 time	nmod
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 Canada	cc
17	Canada	Canada	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 USA	conj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	EST	Eastern Standard Time					vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eastern=Topic

Meaning 5

«-est» is also an English ending meaning «the most»: «tallest», «fastest».

The tree, 11 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 est	punct
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	3 est	punct
3	est	est	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 ending	nsubj
4	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 est	punct
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 ending	cop
6	also	also	ADV	_	9 ending	advmod
7	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 ending	det
8	English	English	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 ending	amod
9	ending	ending	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
10	meaning	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 ending	acl
11	«	«	PUNCT	_	13 most	punct
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 most	det
13	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	10 meaning	advmod
14	»	»	PUNCT	_	13 most	punct
15	:	:	PUNCT	_	17 tallest	punct
16	«	«	PUNCT	_	17 tallest	punct
17	tallest	tall	ADJ	Degree=Sup	9 ending	parataxis
18	»	»	PUNCT	_	17 tallest	punct
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 fastest	punct
20	«	«	PUNCT	_	21 fastest	punct
21	fastest	fast	ADJ	Degree=Sup	9 ending	obl
22	»	»	PUNCT	_	21 fastest	punct
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 ending	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	est	a English ending				fastest obl	tree rules
2	mean	gerund	a English ending not said here						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

Meaning 6

In Latin, «est» also means «is».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 Latin	case
2	Latin	Latin	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 means	obl
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 est	punct
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 est	punct
5	est	est	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 means	nsubj
6	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 est	punct
7	also	also	ADV	_	8 means	advmod
8	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	«	«	PUNCT	_	10 is	punct
10	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 means	ccomp
11	»	»	PUNCT	_	10 is	punct
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	est			Latin			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	be in a quote	present							vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 1

Id est, made it the reigning power. (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

Sentence 1: 29) Id est, made it the reigning power.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	29	29	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 Id	nummod
2	)	)	PUNCT	_	1 29	punct
3	Id	Id	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 made	nsubj
4	est	EST	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Id	flat
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 Id	punct
6	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 made	obj
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 power	det
9	reigning	reign	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 power	amod
10	power	power	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 made	obj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past	29 Id	it					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset it=Beneficiary power=Product
2	reign	gerund							tree rules

Sentence 2: (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	flat
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Kalisch	punct
5	Kalisch	Kalisch	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	conj
6	1877	1877	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 Kalisch	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

Moses auditoribus in secundo divinse veritatis loco, hoc est in ratione quoe est posterior authoritate, habitus." Parisiis, 1552. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

Sentence 1: Moses auditoribus in secundo divinse veritatis loco, hoc est in ratione quoe est posterior authoritate, habitus."

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Moses	Moses	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 auditoribus	compound
2	auditoribus	auditoribus	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	7 loco	case
4	secundo	secundo	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 divinse	compound
5	divinse	divinse	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 loco	compound
6	veritatis	veritatis	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 loco	compound
7	loco	loco	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 auditoribus	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 est	punct
9	hoc	hoc	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 est	compound
10	est	est	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 auditoribus	appos
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 ratione	case
12	ratione	ratione	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 est	nmod
13	quoe	quoe	X	Foreign=Yes	16 authoritate	nsubj
14	est	est	X	Foreign=Yes	16 authoritate	flat:foreign
15	posterior	posterior	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 authoritate	amod
16	authoritate	authoritate	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 auditoribus	conj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 habitus	punct
18	habitus	habitus	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 authoritate	conj
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	16 authoritate	punct
20	"	"	PUNCT	_	16 authoritate	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	authoritate		quoe						tree rules

Sentence 2: Parisiis, 1552.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Parisiis	Parisiis	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 1552	punct
3	1552	1552	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	1 Parisiis	list
4	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Parisiis	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Sentence 3: (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	flat
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Westcott	punct
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	conj
6	1893	1893	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 Westcott	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 3

Moses auditoribus in secundo divinæ veritatis loco, hoc est in ratione quœ est posterior authoritate, habitus." Parisiis, 1552. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

Sentence 1: Moses auditoribus in secundo divinæ veritatis loco, hoc est in ratione quœ est posterior authoritate, habitus."

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Moses	Moses	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 auditoribus	compound
2	auditoribus	auditoribus	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	7 loco	case
4	secundo	secundo	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 divinæ	compound
5	divinæ	divinæ	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 loco	compound
6	veritatis	veritatis	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 loco	compound
7	loco	loco	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 auditoribus	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 est	punct
9	hoc	hoc	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 est	compound
10	est	est	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 auditoribus	appos
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 ratione	case
12	ratione	ratione	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 est	nmod
13	quœ	quœ	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 est	compound
14	est	est	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 authoritate	compound
15	posterior	posterior	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 authoritate	amod
16	authoritate	authoritate	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 ratione	conj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 habitus	punct
18	habitus	habitus	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 auditoribus	conj
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 auditoribus	punct
20	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 auditoribus	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Sentence 2: Parisiis, 1552.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Parisiis	Parisiis	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 1552	punct
3	1552	1552	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	1 Parisiis	list
4	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Parisiis	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Sentence 3: (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	flat
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Westcott	punct
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	conj
6	1893	1893	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 Westcott	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 4

In French, «c'est bon» means «it's good».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 French	case
2	French	French	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 means	obl
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 French	punct
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 bon	punct
5	c'est	c'est	X	Foreign=Yes	6 bon	flat:foreign
6	bon	bon	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 means	nsubj
7	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 bon	punct
8	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	«	«	PUNCT	_	12 good	punct
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 good	nsubj
11	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 good	cop
12	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 means	ccomp
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	12 good	punct
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	c'est bon					in French	vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in french=Attribute
2	is in a quote	present	bon					good property	tree rules

Example 5

«Elle est ma sœur» means «she is my sister».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 est	punct
2	Elle	Elle	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 est	nsubj
3	est	est	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 means	csubj
4	ma	ma	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sœur	compound
5	sœur	sœur	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 est	obj
6	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 est	punct
7	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	«	«	PUNCT	_	12 sister	punct
9	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 sister	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 sister	cop
11	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 sister	nmod:poss
12	sister	sister	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 means	ccomp
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	12 sister	punct
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present							vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
2	is a in a quote	present	Elle	my sister					tree rules

Example 6

The bakery sign said «Est.» and then the year it opened.

The tree, 11 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 sign	det
2	bakery	bakery	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sign	compound
3	sign	sign	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 said	nsubj
4	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 Est	punct
6	Est	Est	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 said	nsubj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 Est	punct
8	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 Est	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 year	cc
10	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	12 year	advmod
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 year	det
12	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 Est	conj
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 opened	nsubj
14	opened	open	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 year	acl:relcl
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 said	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	the bakery sign						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	open	past	sign	the year not said here					vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location year=Theme

Example 7

The table showed «est. 300 people», meaning about 300.

Sentence 1: The table showed «est.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 table	det
2	table	table	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 showed	nsubj
3	showed	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 est	punct
5	est	est	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 showed	obj
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 showed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	past	the table	est					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent est=Recipient

Sentence 2: 300 people», meaning about 300.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	300	300	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 people	nummod
2	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 people	punct
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 meaning	punct
5	meaning	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 people	acl
6	about	about	ADV	_	7 300	advmod
7	300	300	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 meaning	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 people	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean in a quote	gerund	300 people not said here	300					vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 300=Topic

Example 8

The football match starts at seven o'clock EST.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 match	det
2	football	football	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 match	compound
3	match	match	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 starts	nsubj
4	starts	start	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	at	at	ADP	_	7 o'clock	case
6	seven	seven	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 o'clock	nummod
7	o'clock	o'clock	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 starts	obl
8	EST	EST	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 o'clock	appos
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 starts	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	start	present	the football match			seven o'clock			vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Example 9

Add «-est» to make the superlative: «fast, faster, fastest».

The tree, 9 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Add	add	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 est	punct
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 est	punct
4	est	est	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Add	obj
5	»	»	PUNCT	_	4 est	punct
6	to	to	PART	_	7 make	mark
7	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Add	advcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 superlative	det
9	superlative	superlative	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 make	obj
10	:	:	PUNCT	_	14 faster	punct
11	«	«	PUNCT	_	12 fast	punct
12	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	14 faster	advmod
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 faster	punct
14	faster	fast	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	1 Add	parataxis
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 fastest	punct
16	fastest	fast	ADJ	Degree=Sup	14 faster	conj
17	»	»	PUNCT	_	16 fastest	punct
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Add	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	add speech: assert	imperative	you not said here	est					tree rules
2	make	to-infinitive	you not said here	the superlative					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset superlative=Product

Example 10

French «est» sounds like «eh», not like «east».

The tree, 8 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	French	French	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 sounds	nsubj
2	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 est	punct
3	est	est	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sounds	nsubj
4	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 est	punct
5	sounds	sound	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	like	like	ADP	_	8 eh	case
7	«	«	PUNCT	_	8 eh	punct
8	eh	eh	INTJ	_	5 sounds	discourse
9	»	»	PUNCT	_	8 eh	punct
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 east	punct
11	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	14 east	advmod
12	like	like	ADP	_	14 east	case
13	«	«	PUNCT	_	14 east	punct
14	east	east	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sounds	conj
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	14 east	punct
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 sounds	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sound	present	French						vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus

Example 11

Duplex libelli dos est: quod risum movet, Et quod prudenti vitam consilio monet.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Duplex	duplex	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 libelli	compound
2	libelli	libelli	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 dos	nsubj
3	dos	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	est	est	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 dos	obj
5	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 quod	punct
6	quod	quod	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	3 dos	parataxis
7	risum	risum	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 movet	compound
8	movet	movet	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 quod	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 quod	punct
10	Et	et	CCONJ	_	11 quod	cc
11	quod	quod	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	6 quod	conj
12	prudenti	prudenti	X	_	13 vitam	compound
13	vitam	vitam	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 quod	obj
14	consilio	consilio	X	Foreign=Yes	13 vitam	dep
15	monet	Monet	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 vitam	appos
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 dos	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	do	present	Duplex libelli	est	vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent est=Eventuality
2	quod	infinitive		risum movet	tree rules
3	quod	infinitive		prudenti vitam	tree rules

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/E/est/