falsehood Who acts: lie, that, state, I, law, ye · What happens: say, not be, be, hate, abhor, love · To what, where: falsehood, children, evil, He, truth, mix · Speech: someone speaks here
«falsehood» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: falsehood in the Judaism dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
A lie; something said that is not true.
det nsubj punct nsubj nsubj cop advmod ccomp punct root A DET lie NOUN ; PUNCT something PRON said VERB that PRON is AUX not PART true ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 lie det 2 lie lie NOUN Number=Sing 5 said nsubj 3 ; ; PUNCT _ 2 lie punct 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 said nsubj 5 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 9 true nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 true cop 8 not not PART Polarity=Neg 9 true advmod 9 true true ADJ Degree=Pos 5 said ccomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past a lie vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 not is present that true property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 The state of being untrue: the truth or falsehood of a claim.
det nsubj case cop punct det conj cc conj case det nmod punct root The DET state NOUN of ADP being AUX untrue ADJ : PUNCT the DET truth NOUN or CCONJ falsehood NOUN of ADP a DET claim NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 state det 2 state state NOUN Number=Sing 5 untrue nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 untrue case 4 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 untrue cop 5 untrue untrue ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 : : PUNCT _ 8 truth punct 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 truth det 8 truth truth NOUN Number=Sing 5 untrue conj 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 falsehood cc 10 falsehood falsehood NOUN Number=Sing 8 truth conj 11 of of ADP _ 13 claim case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 claim det 13 claim claim NOUN Number=Sing 8 truth nmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 5 untrue punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is gerund the state untrue property tree rules
Example 1 I hate and abhor falsehood; Thy law do I love. (Writings PSA.119.163, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: I hate and abhor falsehood; Thy law do I love.
nsubj cc conj obj punct nmod:poss nsubj aux nsubj parataxis punct root I PRON hate VERB and CCONJ abhor VERB falsehood NOUN ; PUNCT Thy PRON law NOUN do AUX I PRON love VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 hate nsubj 2 hate hate VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 abhor cc 4 abhor abhor VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 hate conj 5 falsehood falsehood NOUN Number=Sing 4 abhor obj 6 ; ; PUNCT _ 11 love punct 7 Thy thy PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch 8 law nmod:poss 8 law law NOUN Number=Sing 11 love nsubj 9 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 love aux 10 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 11 love nsubj 11 love love VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 hate parataxis 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 hate punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hate present I vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Experiencer 2 abhor present I not said here falsehood vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer falsehood=Stimulus 3 love present · do-support Thy law vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Experiencer
Sentence 2: (Writings PSA.119.163, JPS 1917)
punct appos punct flat flat punct root ( PUNCT Writings NOUN PSA.119.163 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Writings punct 2 Writings writing NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 PSA.119.163 PSA.119.163 PROPN Number=Sing 2 Writings appos 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 JPS punct 5 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 3 PSA.119.163 flat 6 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 PSA.119.163 flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Writings punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 2 Are ye not children of transgression, a seed of falsehood, (Prophets ISA.57.4, JPS 1917)
The tree, 14 words cop nsubj advmod case nmod punct det appos case nmod punct punct appos appos punct flat flat punct root Are AUX ye PRON not PART children NOUN of ADP transgression NOUN , PUNCT a DET seed NOUN of ADP falsehood NOUN , PUNCT ( PUNCT Prophets NOUN ISA.57.4 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 children cop 2 ye ye PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch 4 children nsubj 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 children advmod 4 children child NOUN Number=Plur root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 transgression case 6 transgression transgression NOUN Number=Sing 4 children nmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 seed punct 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 seed det 9 seed seed NOUN Number=Sing 6 transgression appos 10 of of ADP _ 11 falsehood case 11 falsehood falsehood NOUN Number=Sing 9 seed nmod 12 , , PUNCT _ 14 Prophets punct 13 ( ( PUNCT _ 14 Prophets punct 14 Prophets prophet NOUN Number=Plur 9 seed appos 15 ISA.57.4 ISA.57.4 PROPN Number=Sing 14 Prophets appos 16 , , PUNCT _ 17 JPS punct 17 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 15 ISA.57.4 flat 18 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 15 ISA.57.4 flat 19 ) ) PUNCT _ 14 Prophets punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not is a present ye children of transgression tree rules
Example 3 Thou lovest evil more than good; falsehood rather than speaking righteousness. (Writings PSA.52.5, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: Thou lovest evil more than good; falsehood rather than speaking righteousness.
nsubj obj obj case obl punct compound compound fixed amod obj punct root Thou PRON lovest VERB evil ADJ more ADJ than ADP good ADJ ; PUNCT falsehood NOUN rather ADV than ADP speaking VERB righteousness NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Thou thou PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch 2 lovest nsubj 2 lovest love VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 evil evil ADJ Degree=Pos 2 lovest obj 4 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 3 evil obj 5 than than ADP _ 6 good case 6 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 4 more obl 7 ; ; PUNCT _ 8 falsehood punct 8 falsehood falsehood NOUN Number=Sing 12 righteousness compound 9 rather rather ADV ExtPos=CCONJ 11 speaking compound 10 than than ADP _ 9 rather fixed 11 speaking speak VERB VerbForm=Ger 12 righteousness amod 12 righteousness righteousness NOUN Number=Sing 2 lovest obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 lovest punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 love present Thou evil tree rules 2 speak speech: other gerund vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Sentence 2: (Writings PSA.52.5, JPS 1917)
punct appos punct flat flat punct root ( PUNCT Writings NOUN PSA.52.5 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Writings punct 2 Writings writing NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 PSA.52.5 PSA.52.5 PROPN Number=Sing 2 Writings appos 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 JPS punct 5 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 3 PSA.52.5 flat 6 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 PSA.52.5 flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Writings punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 4 He was punished for telling a falsehood.
nsubj:pass aux:pass mark advcl det obj punct root He PRON was AUX punished VERB for SCONJ telling VERB a DET falsehood NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 punished nsubj:pass 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 punished aux:pass 3 punished punish VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 for for SCONJ _ 5 telling mark 5 telling tell VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 punished advcl 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 falsehood det 7 falsehood falsehood NOUN Number=Sing 5 telling obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 punished punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 punish past · passive He vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient 2 tell speech: assert gerund a falsehood vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent falsehood=Recipient
Example 5 The website was full of falsehoods.
det nsubj cop case obl punct root The DET website NOUN was AUX full ADJ of ADP falsehoods NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 website det 2 website website NOUN Number=Sing 4 full nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 full cop 4 full full ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 falsehoods case 6 falsehoods falsehood NOUN Number=Plur 4 full obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 full punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the website of falsehoods; full property tree rules
Example 6 We must learn to tell truth from falsehood.
nsubj aux mark xcomp obj case obl punct root We PRON must AUX learn VERB to PART tell VERB truth NOUN from ADP falsehood NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 learn nsubj 2 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 learn aux 3 learn learn VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 to to PART _ 5 tell mark 5 tell tell VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 learn xcomp 6 truth truth NOUN Number=Sing 5 tell obj 7 from from ADP _ 8 falsehood case 8 falsehood falsehood NOUN Number=Sing 5 tell obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 learn punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 learn must We vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 tell speech: assert to-infinitive We not said here truth falsehood vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent truth=Recipient
Example 7 Her story was a mix of truth and falsehood.
nmod:poss nsubj cop det case nmod cc conj punct root Her PRON story NOUN was AUX a DET mix NOUN of ADP truth NOUN and CCONJ falsehood NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 story nmod:poss 2 story story NOUN Number=Sing 5 mix nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 mix cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 mix det 5 mix mix NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 truth case 7 truth truth NOUN Number=Sing 5 mix nmod 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 falsehood cc 9 falsehood falsehood NOUN Number=Sing 7 truth conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 mix punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past Her story a mix of truth and falsehood tree rules
Example 8 The judge asked the witness not to say any falsehood.
det nsubj det obj advmod mark xcomp det obj punct root The DET judge NOUN asked VERB the DET witness NOUN not PART to PART say VERB any DET falsehood NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 judge det 2 judge judge NOUN Number=Sing 3 asked nsubj 3 asked ask VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 witness det 5 witness witness NOUN Number=Sing 3 asked obj 6 not not PART Polarity=Neg 8 say advmod 7 to to PART _ 8 say mark 8 say say VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 asked xcomp 9 any any DET PronType=Ind 10 falsehood det 10 falsehood falsehood NOUN Number=Sing 8 say obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 asked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ask speech: ask past the judge the witness vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S_INF»: agent=Agent witness=Recipient clause=Topic 2 not say speech: assert not said to happen to-infinitive the witness not said here any falsehood vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent falsehood=Topic
Example 9 Spreading falsehoods about people is unkind.
csubj obj case nmod cop punct root Spreading VERB falsehoods NOUN about ADP people NOUN is AUX unkind ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Spreading spread VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 unkind csubj 2 falsehoods falsehood NOUN Number=Plur 1 Spreading obj 3 about about ADP _ 4 people case 4 people people NOUN Number=Plur 2 falsehoods nmod 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 unkind cop 6 unkind unkind ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 unkind punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spread gerund falsehoods about people vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent falsehood=Theme about people=Destination 2 is present Spreading unkind property tree rules
Example 10 Still he scorned to tell a falsehood.
advmod nsubj mark xcomp det obj punct root Still ADV he PRON scorned VERB to PART tell VERB a DET falsehood NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Still still ADV _ 3 scorned advmod 2 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 scorned nsubj 3 scorned scorn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 tell mark 5 tell tell VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 scorned xcomp 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 falsehood det 7 falsehood falsehood NOUN Number=Sing 5 tell obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 scorned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 scorn past he still tree rules 2 tell speech: assert to-infinitive he not said here a falsehood vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent falsehood=Recipient
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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