growl

Who acts: sound, tummy, They, lions, We, none · What happens: make, be, say, growl, roar, mourn · To what, where: low rough deep sound, throat, something, low angry voice, low rumbling noise, deep growl · Speech: someone speaks here

«growl» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: growl in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

Of an animal like a dog, bear or lion, to make a low, rough, deep sound in the throat as a warning or because it is angry.

The tree, 27 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Of	of	ADP	_	3 animal	case
2	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 animal	det
3	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 make	obl
4	like	like	ADP	_	6 dog	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 dog	det
6	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 animal	nmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 bear	punct
8	bear	bear	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 dog	conj
9	or	or	CCONJ	_	10 lion	cc
10	lion	lion	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 dog	conj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 make	punct
12	to	to	PART	_	13 make	mark
13	make	make	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 sound	det
15	low	low	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 sound	amod
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 low	punct
17	rough	rough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 sound	amod
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 rough	punct
19	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 sound	amod
20	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 make	obj
21	in	in	ADP	_	23 throat	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 throat	det
23	throat	throat	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 sound	nmod
24	as	as	ADP	_	26 warning	case
25	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	26 warning	det
26	warning	warning	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 make	obl
27	or	or	CCONJ	_	31 angry	cc
28	because	because	SCONJ	_	31 angry	mark
29	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 angry	nsubj
30	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	31 angry	cop
31	angry	angry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 warning	conj
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	13 make	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	to-infinitive		a low rough deep sound		the throat		of a animal like a dog and bear or lion; as a warning	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product
2	is	present	sound					angry property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Of a person, to say something in a low, angry voice.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Of	of	ADP	_	3 person	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 person	det
3	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 say	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 say	punct
5	to	to	PART	_	6 say	mark
6	say	say	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	6 say	obj
8	in	in	ADP	_	13 voice	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 voice	det
10	low	low	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 voice	amod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 low	punct
12	angry	angry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 voice	amod
13	voice	voice	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 say	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 say	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	to-infinitive		something		a low angry voice		of a person	vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent something=Theme in voice=Manner

Meaning 3

Of a stomach or engine, to make a low rumbling noise: my tummy is growling.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Of	of	ADP	_	3 stomach	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 stomach	det
3	stomach	stomach	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 make	obl
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 engine	cc
5	engine	engine	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stomach	conj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 make	punct
7	to	to	PART	_	8 make	mark
8	make	make	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 noise	det
10	low	low	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 noise	amod
11	rumbling	rumbling	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 noise	compound
12	noise	noise	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 make	obj
13	:	:	PUNCT	_	17 growling	punct
14	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 tummy	nmod:poss
15	tummy	tummy	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 growling	nsubj
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 growling	aux
17	growling	growl	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 make	advcl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 make	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	to-infinitive		a low rumbling noise				of a stomach or engine	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset noise=Product
2	growl	present · progressive	my tummy						vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 1

They shall roar together like young lions; they shall growl as lions' whelps. (Prophets JER.51.38, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: They shall roar together like young lions; they shall growl as lions' whelps.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 roar	nsubj
2	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 roar	aux
3	roar	roar	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	together	together	ADV	_	3 roar	advmod
5	like	like	ADP	_	7 lions	case
6	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 lions	amod
7	lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 roar	obl
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	11 growl	punct
9	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 growl	nsubj
10	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 growl	aux
11	growl	growl	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 roar	conj
12	as	as	ADP	_	15 whelps	case
13	lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 whelps	nmod:poss
14	'	's	PART	_	13 lions	case
15	whelps	whelp	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 growl	obl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 roar	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	roar	shall	They					like young lions; together property	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	growl	shall	lions = lion					as lions's whelps	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Sentence 2: (Prophets JER.51.38, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	JER.51.38	JER.51.38	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Prophets	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 JER.51.38	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 JER.51.38	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

We all growl like bears, and mourn sore like doves; we look for right, but there is none; for salvation, but it is far off from us. (Prophets ISA.59.11, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: We all growl like bears, and mourn sore like doves; we look for right, but there is none; for salvation, but it is far off from us.

The tree, 27 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 growl	nsubj
2	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	3 growl	advmod
3	growl	growl	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	like	like	ADP	_	5 bears	case
5	bears	bear	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 growl	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 mourn	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 mourn	cc
8	mourn	mourn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 growl	conj
9	sore	sore	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 mourn	xcomp
10	like	like	ADP	_	11 doves	case
11	doves	dove	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 mourn	obl
12	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 look	punct
13	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	14 look	nsubj
14	look	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 growl	parataxis
15	for	for	ADP	_	16 right	case
16	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 look	obl
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 is	punct
18	but	but	CCONJ	_	20 is	cc
19	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	20 is	expl
20	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 look	conj
21	none	none	PRON	PronType=Neg	20 is	nsubj
22	;	;	PUNCT	_	24 salvation	punct
23	for	for	ADP	_	24 salvation	case
24	salvation	salvation	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 growl	conj
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 off	punct
26	but	but	CCONJ	_	30 off	cc
27	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	30 off	nsubj
28	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	30 off	cop
29	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	30 off	advmod
30	off	off	ADV	_	3 growl	advmod
31	from	from	ADP	_	32 us	case
32	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	30 off	obl
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 growl	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	growl	present	We		like bears	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	mourn	infinitive	We not said here		like doves; sore property	vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
3	look	present	we		for right	vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for right=Theme
4	be	present	none	there		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	is	present	salvation		from us; far, off property	tree rules

Sentence 2: (Prophets ISA.59.11, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	ISA.59.11	ISA.59.11	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Prophets	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 ISA.59.11	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 ISA.59.11	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 3

The dog growled when the boy reached for its bone.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 dog	det
2	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 growled	nsubj
3	growled	growl	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	when	when	SCONJ	_	7 reached	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 boy	det
6	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 reached	nsubj
7	reached	reach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 growled	advcl
8	for	for	ADP	_	10 bone	case
9	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 bone	nmod:poss
10	bone	bone	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 reached	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 growled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	growl	past	the dog						vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	reach	past	the boy					for dog's bone	vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 4

If a dog growls, back away slowly.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	If	if	SCONJ	_	4 growls	mark
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 dog	det
3	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 growls	nsubj
4	growls	growl	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 away	punct
6	back	back	ADV	_	7 away	advmod
7	away	away	ADV	_	4 growls	advmod
8	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	7 away	advmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 growls	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	growl	present	a dog					away property	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 5

The bear gave a deep growl.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 bear	det
2	bear	bear	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gave	nsubj
3	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 growl	det
5	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 growl	amod
6	growl	growl	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gave	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 gave	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	past	the bear	a deep growl					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent growl=Theme

Example 6

"Get out!" the giant growled.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Get	punct
2	Get	get	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 growled	ccomp
3	out	out	ADV	_	2 Get	advmod
4	!	!	PUNCT	_	2 Get	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Get	punct
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 giant	det
7	giant	giant	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 growled	nsubj
8	growled	growl	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 growled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	get out in a quote	infinitive	the giant not said here					out property	vn withdraw-82-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	growl	past	the giant						vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic

Example 7

My stomach growled during the quiet test.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	My	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 stomach	nmod:poss
2	stomach	stomach	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 growled	nsubj
3	growled	growl	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	during	during	ADP	_	7 test	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 test	det
6	quiet	quiet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 test	amod
7	test	test	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 growled	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 growled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	growl	past	My stomach				during the quiet test		vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 8

The car engine growled as it climbed the hill.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 engine	det
2	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 engine	compound
3	engine	engine	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 climbed	nsubj
4	growled	growl	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 engine	acl
5	as	as	ADP	_	6 it	case
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 growled	obl
7	climbed	climb	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 hill	det
9	hill	hill	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 climbed	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 climbed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	growl	participle		the car engine not said here				as engine	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	climb	past	the car engine	the hill					vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location hill=Theme

Example 9

Never tease a dog that is growling.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	2 tease	advmod
2	tease	tease	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 dog	det
4	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 tease	obj
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 growling	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 growling	aux
7	growling	growl	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 dog	acl:relcl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 tease	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not tease	imperative	you not said here	a dog					vn bully-59.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dog=Patient
2	growl	present · progressive	a dog						vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 10

The lion growled to warn the other lions away.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 lion	det
2	lion	lion	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 growled	nsubj
3	growled	growl	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 warn	mark
5	warn	warn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 growled	xcomp
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 lions	det
7	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 lions	amod
8	lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 warn	obj
9	away	away	ADV	_	5 warn	advmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 growled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	growl	past	the lion						vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	warn speech: warn	to-infinitive	the lion not said here		the other lions			away property	vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent lion=Recipient

Example 11

"Nonsense, nonsense!" growled the sleepy Giant.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Nonsense	punct
2	Nonsense	nonsense	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 growled	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 nonsense	punct
4	nonsense	nonsense	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Nonsense	conj
5	!	!	PUNCT	_	2 Nonsense	punct
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Nonsense	punct
7	growled	growl	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Giant	det
9	sleepy	sleepy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 Giant	amod
10	Giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 growled	xcomp
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 growled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	growl	past	Nonsense and nonsense					giant property	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/G/growl/