joyless

Who acts: Joyless, he, Jerusalem, they, joyless house, shades · What happens: mean, be, begin, reign, depart, bury · To what, where: he, Jerusalem, city, joyless life, joyless existence, dark land

«joyless» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 4 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: joyless in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

Joyless means without joy, dull and sad.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Joyless	joyless	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 means	nsubj
2	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	without	without	ADP	_	4 joy	case
4	joy	joy	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 means	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 dull	punct
6	dull	dull	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 joy	amod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 sad	cc
8	sad	sad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 dull	conj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Joyless					without joy	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Example 1

Thirty and two years old was he when he began to reign, and he reigned in Jerusalem eight years; and he departed joyless; and they buried him in the city of David, but not in the sepulchres of the kings. (Writings 2CH.21.20, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: Thirty and two years old was he when he began to reign, and he reigned in Jerusalem eight years; and he departed joyless; and they buried him in the city of David, but not in the sepulchres of the kings.

The tree, 40 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Thirty	thirty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 years	nummod
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 two	cc
3	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	1 Thirty	conj
4	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 old	obl:unmarked
5	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 he	amod
6	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 he	cop
7	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 began	nsubj
8	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	10 began	advmod
9	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 began	nsubj
10	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	to	to	PART	_	12 reign	mark
12	reign	reign	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 began	xcomp
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 reigned	punct
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 reigned	cc
15	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 reigned	nsubj
16	reigned	reign	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 began	conj
17	in	in	ADP	_	18 Jerusalem	case
18	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 reigned	obl
19	eight	eight	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	20 years	nummod
20	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 reigned	obl:unmarked
21	;	;	PUNCT	_	24 departed	punct
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 departed	cc
23	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 departed	nsubj
24	departed	depart	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 began	conj
25	joyless	joyless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 departed	xcomp
26	;	;	PUNCT	_	29 buried	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 buried	cc
28	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	29 buried	nsubj
29	buried	bury	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 began	conj
30	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	29 buried	obj
31	in	in	ADP	_	33 city	case
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 city	det
33	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 buried	obl
34	of	of	ADP	_	35 David	case
35	David	David	PROPN	Number=Sing	33 city	nmod
36	,	,	PUNCT	_	41 sepulchres	punct
37	but	but	CCONJ	_	41 sepulchres	cc
38	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	41 sepulchres	advmod
39	in	in	ADP	_	41 sepulchres	case
40	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	41 sepulchres	det
41	sepulchres	sepulchre	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 buried	obl
42	of	of	ADP	_	44 kings	case
43	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	44 kings	det
44	kings	king	NOUN	Number=Plur	41 sepulchres	nmod
45	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 began	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past		he				tree rules
2	begin	past	he					vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
3	reign	to-infinitive	he not said here					tree rules
4	reign	past	he		Jerusalem	year		tree rules
5	depart	past	Jerusalem				joyless property	vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
6	bury	past	they	Jerusalem	the city of David		in the sepulchres of the kings	vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme in city=Destination

Sentence 2: (Writings 2CH.21.20, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	2CH.21.20	2CH.21.20	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 Writings	flat
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 1917	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 1917	nmod:unmarked
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 2CH.21.20	conj
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

The joyless house was grey and quiet.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 house	det
2	joyless	joyless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 house	amod
3	house	house	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 grey	nsubj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 grey	cop
5	grey	grey	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 quiet	cc
7	quiet	quiet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 grey	conj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 grey	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the joyless house					grey property	tree rules
2	be		the joyless house not said here						tree rules

Example 3

They lived a joyless life after the war.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 lived	nsubj
2	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 life	det
4	joyless	joyless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 life	amod
5	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 lived	obj
6	after	after	ADP	_	8 war	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 war	det
8	war	war	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 lived	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 lived	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	past	They	a joyless life			after the war		vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme life=Location

Example 4

The shades led a joyless existence in the dark land.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 shades	det
2	shades	shade	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 led	nsubj
3	led	lead	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 existence	det
5	joyless	joyless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 existence	amod
6	existence	existence	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 led	obj
7	in	in	ADP	_	10 land	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 land	det
9	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 land	amod
10	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 led	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 led	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lead	past	the shades	a joyless existence		the dark land			vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent existence=Theme in land=Destination

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/J/joyless/