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lower

Who acts: Lower, stranger, thou, he, plague, appearance · What happens: mean, lower, move down, make, describe, belong · To what, where: something, it, voice, social rank, midst, thee · Speech: someone speaks here

«lower» in the Judaism dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 14 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: lower in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

Lower means less high, closer to the ground, or at the bottom of something.

The tree, 14 words
nsubjadvmodxcomppunctparataxiscasedetoblpunctcccasedetparataxiscasenmodpunctrootLowerADJmeansVERBlessADVhighADJ,PUNCTcloserADJtoADPtheDETgroundNOUN,PUNCTorCCONJatADPtheDETbottomNOUNofADPsomethingPRON.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1LowerlowADJDegree=Cmp2 meansnsubj
2meansmeanVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
3lesslessADVDegree=Cmp4 highadvmod
4highhighADJDegree=Pos2 meansxcomp
5,,PUNCT_6 closerpunct
6closercloseADJDegree=Cmp2 meansparataxis
7totoADP_9 groundcase
8thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art9 grounddet
9groundgroundNOUNNumber=Sing6 closerobl
10,,PUNCT_14 bottompunct
11ororCCONJ_14 bottomcc
12atatADP_14 bottomcase
13thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art14 bottomdet
14bottombottomNOUNNumber=Sing2 meansparataxis
15ofofADP_16 somethingcase
16somethingsomethingPRONNumber=Sing PronType=Ind14 bottomnmod
17..PUNCT_2 meanspunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1meanpresentLowerhigh propertyvn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Lower means smaller in number, amount or level.

nsubjxcompcaseoblpunctapposccconjpunctrootLowerADJmeansVERBsmallerADJinADPnumberNOUN,PUNCTamountNOUNorCCONJlevelNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1LowerlowADJDegree=Cmp2 meansnsubj
2meansmeanVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
3smallersmallADJDegree=Cmp2 meansxcomp
4ininADP_5 numbercase
5numbernumberNOUNNumber=Sing3 smallerobl
6,,PUNCT_7 amountpunct
7amountamountNOUNNumber=Sing5 numberappos
8ororCCONJ_9 levelcc
9levellevelNOUNNumber=Sing7 amountconj
10..PUNCT_2 meanspunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1meanpresentLowersmall propertyvn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

Meaning 3

To lower something means to move it down.

markcsubjobjmarkxcompobjcompound:prtpunctrootToPARTlowerVERBsomethingPRONmeansVERBtoPARTmoveVERBitPRONdownADP.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1TotoPART_2 lowermark
2lowerlowerVERBVerbForm=Inf4 meanscsubj
3somethingsomethingPRONNumber=Sing PronType=Ind2 lowerobj
4meansmeanVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
5totoPART_6 movemark
6movemoveVERBVerbForm=Inf4 meansxcomp
7ititPRONCase=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs6 moveobj
8downdownADP_6 movecompound:prt
9..PUNCT_4 meanspunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1lowerto-infinitivesomethingvn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme
2meanpresentvn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3move down not said to happento-infinitiveitvn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Meaning 4

To lower something like a price, sound or voice means to make it less.

The tree, 14 words
markcsubjobjcasedetoblpunctconjccconjmarkxcompobjxcomppunctrootToPARTlowerVERBsomethingPRONlikeADPaDETpriceNOUN,PUNCTsoundNOUNorCCONJvoiceNOUNmeansVERBtoPARTmakeVERBitPRONlessADV.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1TotoPART_2 lowermark
2lowerlowerVERBVerbForm=Inf11 meanscsubj
3somethingsomethingPRONNumber=Sing PronType=Ind2 lowerobj
4likelikeADP_6 pricecase
5aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art6 pricedet
6pricepriceNOUNNumber=Sing2 lowerobl
7,,PUNCT_8 soundpunct
8soundsoundNOUNNumber=Sing6 priceconj
9ororCCONJ_10 voicecc
10voicevoiceNOUNNumber=Sing6 priceconj
11meansmeanVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
12totoPART_13 makemark
13makemakeVERBVerbForm=Inf11 meansxcomp
14ititPRONCase=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs13 makeobj
15lesslessADVDegree=Cmp13 makexcomp
16..PUNCT_11 meanspunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1lowerto-infinitivesomethinglike a price and sound or voicevn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme
2meanpresentvn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3make not said to happento-infinitivevoicevn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product

Meaning 5

Lower can also describe social rank, meaning belonging to the group of people with less money and power.

The tree, 18 words
amodauxadvmodamodobjpunctadvclxcompcasedetoblcasenmodcaseamodoblccconjpunctrootLowerADJcanAUXalsoADVdescribeVERBsocialADJrankNOUN,PUNCTmeaningVERBbelongingVERBtoADPtheDETgroupNOUNofADPpeopleNOUNwithADPlessADJmoneyNOUNandCCONJpowerNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1LowerlowADJDegree=Cmp4 describeamod
2cancanAUXVerbForm=Fin4 describeaux
3alsoalsoADV_4 describeadvmod
4describedescribeVERBMood=Imp VerbForm=Finrootroot
5socialsocialADJDegree=Pos6 rankamod
6rankrankNOUNNumber=Sing4 describeobj
7,,PUNCT_8 meaningpunct
8meaningmeanVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part4 describeadvcl
9belongingbelongVERBVerbForm=Ger8 meaningxcomp
10totoADP_12 groupcase
11thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art12 groupdet
12groupgroupNOUNNumber=Sing9 belongingobl
13ofofADP_14 peoplecase
14peoplepeopleNOUNNumber=Plur12 groupnmod
15withwithADP_17 moneycase
16lesslessADJDegree=Cmp17 moneyamod
17moneymoneyNOUNNumber=Sing9 belongingobl
18andandCCONJ_19 powercc
19powerpowerNOUNNumber=Sing17 moneyconj
20..PUNCT_4 describepunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1describecansocial rankvn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent rank=Theme
2meangerundvn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3belong not said to happengerundto the group of people; with less money and powervn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme

Example 1

The stranger that is in the midst of thee shall mount up above thee higher and higher; and thou shalt come down lower and lower. (Torah DEU.28.43, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: The stranger that is in the midst of thee shall mount up above thee higher and higher; and thou shalt come down lower and lower.

The tree, 25 words
detnsubjnsubjcopcasedetacl:relclcasenmodauxcompound:prtcaseoblparataxisccconjpunctccnsubjauxconjadvmodadvmodccconjpunctrootTheDETstrangerNOUNthatPRONisAUXinADPtheDETmidstNOUNofADPtheePRONshallAUXmountVERBupADPaboveADPtheePRONhigherADJandCCONJhigherADJ;PUNCTandCCONJthouPRONshaltAUXcomeVERBdownADVlowerADJandCCONJlowerADJ.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art2 strangerdet
2strangerstrangerNOUNNumber=Sing11 mountnsubj
3thatthatPRONPronType=Rel7 midstnsubj
4isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin7 midstcop
5ininADP_7 midstcase
6thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art7 midstdet
7midstmidstNOUNNumber=Sing2 strangeracl:relcl
8ofofADP_9 theecase
9theethouPRONCase=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch7 midstnmod
10shallshallAUXVerbForm=Fin11 mountaux
11mountmountVERBVerbForm=Infrootroot
12upupADP_11 mountcompound:prt
13aboveaboveADP_14 theecase
14theethouPRONCase=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch11 mountobl
15higherhighADJDegree=Cmp11 mountparataxis
16andandCCONJ_17 highercc
17higherhighADJDegree=Cmp15 higherconj
18;;PUNCT_22 comepunct
19andandCCONJ_22 comecc
20thouthouPRONCase=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch22 comensubj
21shaltshallAUXStyle=Arch VerbForm=Fin22 comeaux
22comecomeVERBVerbForm=Inf11 mountconj
23downdownADV_22 comeadvmod
24lowerlowADJDegree=Cmp22 comeadvmod
25andandCCONJ_26 lowercc
26lowerlowADJDegree=Cmp24 lowerconj
27..PUNCT_11 mountpunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1ispresentthe strangerthe midstof theetree rules
2mount upshallthe strangertheevn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent above thou=Destination
3come downshallthoudown propertyvn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Sentence 2: (Torah DEU.28.43, JPS 1917)

punctcompoundpunctconjflatpunctroot(PUNCTTorahPROPNDEU.28.43PROPN,PUNCTJPSPROPN1917NUM)PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1((PUNCT_3 DEU.28.43punct
2TorahTorahPROPNNumber=Sing3 DEU.28.43compound
3DEU.28.43DEU.28.43PROPNNumber=Singrootroot
4,,PUNCT_5 JPSpunct
5JPSJPSPROPNNumber=Sing3 DEU.28.43conj
619171917NUMNumForm=Digit NumType=Card5 JPSflat
7))PUNCT_3 DEU.28.43punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

And he shall look on the plague, and, behold, if the plague be in the walls of the house with hollow streaks, greenish or reddish, and the appearance thereof be lower than the wall; (Torah LEV.14.37, JPS 1917)

The tree, 38 words
ccnsubjauxcasedetoblpunctccpunctdiscoursepunctmarkdetnsubjcopcasedetconjcasedetnmodcaseamodnmodpunctamodccconjpunctccdetnsubjadvmodcopconjcasedetoblpunctpunctcompoundoblpunctapposflatpunctrootAndCCONJhePRONshallAUXlookVERBonADPtheDETplagueNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJ,PUNCTbeholdINTJ,PUNCTifSCONJtheDETplagueNOUNbeAUXinADPtheDETwallsNOUNofADPtheDEThouseNOUNwithADPhollowADJstreaksNOUN,PUNCTgreenishADJorCCONJreddishADJ,PUNCTandCCONJtheDETappearanceNOUNthereofADVbeAUXlowerADJthanADPtheDETwallNOUN;PUNCT(PUNCTTorahPROPNLEV.14.37PROPN,PUNCTJPSPROPN1917NUM)PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1AndandCCONJ_4 lookcc
2hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs4 looknsubj
3shallshallAUXVerbForm=Fin4 lookaux
4looklookVERBVerbForm=Infrootroot
5ononADP_7 plaguecase
6thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art7 plaguedet
7plagueplagueNOUNNumber=Sing4 lookobl
8,,PUNCT_11 beholdpunct
9andandCCONJ_11 beholdcc
10,,PUNCT_11 beholdpunct
11beholdbeholdINTJ_4 lookdiscourse
12,,PUNCT_19 wallspunct
13ififSCONJ_19 wallsmark
14thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art15 plaguedet
15plagueplagueNOUNNumber=Sing19 wallsnsubj
16bebeAUXVerbForm=Inf19 wallscop
17ininADP_19 wallscase
18thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art19 wallsdet
19wallswallNOUNNumber=Plur4 lookconj
20ofofADP_22 housecase
21thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art22 housedet
22househouseNOUNNumber=Sing19 wallsnmod
23withwithADP_25 streakscase
24hollowhollowADJDegree=Pos25 streaksamod
25streaksstreakNOUNNumber=Plur19 wallsnmod
26,,PUNCT_27 greenishpunct
27greenishgreenishADJDegree=Pos25 streaksamod
28ororCCONJ_29 reddishcc
29reddishreddishADJDegree=Pos27 greenishconj
30,,PUNCT_36 lowerpunct
31andandCCONJ_36 lowercc
32thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art33 appearancedet
33appearanceappearanceNOUNNumber=Sing36 lowernsubj
34thereofthereofADV_36 loweradvmod
35bebeAUXVerbForm=Inf36 lowercop
36lowerlowADJDegree=Cmp27 greenishconj
37thanthanADP_39 wallcase
38thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art39 walldet
39wallwallNOUNNumber=Sing36 lowerobl
40;;PUNCT_43 LEV.14.37punct
41((PUNCT_43 LEV.14.37punct
42TorahTorahPROPNNumber=Sing43 LEV.14.37compound
43LEV.14.37LEV.14.37PROPNNumber=Sing4 lookobl
44,,PUNCT_45 JPSpunct
45JPSJPSPROPNNumber=Sing43 LEV.14.37appos
4619171917NUMNumForm=Digit NumType=Card45 JPSflat
47))PUNCT_45 JPSpunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1lookshallheTorah LEV.14.37on the plaguevn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on plague=Theme
2is a condition, not said to happeninfinitivethe plaguethe wallsof the house; with hollow streakstree rules
3isinfinitivethe appearancethan the wall; low, thereof propertytree rules

Example 3

But if the priest look on it, and, behold, there be no white hairs therein, and it be not lower than the skin, but be dim, then the priest shall shut him up seven days. (Torah LEV.13.21, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: But if the priest look on it, and, behold, there be no white hairs therein, and it be not lower than the skin, but be dim, then the priest shall shut him up seven days.

The tree, 35 words
ccmarkdetnsubjcaseoblpunctccpunctdiscoursepunctexplconjdetamodnsubjadvmodpunctccnsubjcopadvmodconjcasedetoblpunctcccopparataxispunctadvmoddetnsubjauxconjobjcompound:prtnummodobl:unmarkedpunctrootButCCONJifSCONJtheDETpriestNOUNlookVERBonADPitPRON,PUNCTandCCONJ,PUNCTbeholdINTJ,PUNCTtherePRONbeVERBnoDETwhiteADJhairsNOUNthereinADV,PUNCTandCCONJitPRONbeAUXnotPARTlowerADJthanADPtheDETskinNOUN,PUNCTbutCCONJbeAUXdimADJ,PUNCTthenADVtheDETpriestNOUNshallAUXshutVERBhimPRONupADPsevenNUMdaysNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ButbutCCONJ_5 lookcc
2ififSCONJ_5 lookmark
3thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art4 priestdet
4priestpriestNOUNNumber=Sing5 looknsubj
5looklookVERBVerbForm=Infrootroot
6ononADP_7 itcase
7ititPRONCase=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs5 lookobl
8,,PUNCT_14 bepunct
9andandCCONJ_14 becc
10,,PUNCT_9 andpunct
11beholdbeholdINTJ_14 bediscourse
12,,PUNCT_11 beholdpunct
13theretherePRONPronType=Dem14 beexpl
14bebeVERBVerbForm=Inf5 lookconj
15nonoDETPronType=Neg17 hairsdet
16whitewhiteADJDegree=Pos17 hairsamod
17hairshairNOUNNumber=Plur14 bensubj
18thereinthereinADV_14 beadvmod
19,,PUNCT_24 lowerpunct
20andandCCONJ_24 lowercc
21ititPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs24 lowernsubj
22bebeAUXVerbForm=Inf24 lowercop
23notnotPARTPolarity=Neg24 loweradvmod
24lowerlowADJDegree=Cmp5 lookconj
25thanthanADP_27 skincase
26thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art27 skindet
27skinskinNOUNNumber=Sing24 lowerobl
28,,PUNCT_31 dimpunct
29butbutCCONJ_31 dimcc
30bebeAUXVerbForm=Inf31 dimcop
31dimdimADJDegree=Pos5 lookparataxis
32,,PUNCT_37 shutpunct
33thenthenADVPronType=Dem37 shutadvmod
34thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art35 priestdet
35priestpriestNOUNNumber=Sing37 shutnsubj
36shallshallAUXVerbForm=Fin37 shutaux
37shutshutVERBVerbForm=Inf31 dimconj
38himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs37 shutobj
39upupADP_37 shutcompound:prt
40sevensevenNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card41 daysnummod
41daysdayNOUNNumber=Plur37 shutobl:unmarked
42..PUNCT_5 lookpunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1lookinfinitivethe prieston itvn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on it=Theme
2beinfinitiveno white hairstheretherein propertyvn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3not isinfinitivepriestthan the skin; low propertytree rules
4isinfinitivedim propertytree rules
5shut upshallthe priesthim = hethen; dayvn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient

Sentence 2: (Torah LEV.13.21, JPS 1917)

punctcompoundpunctconjflatpunctroot(PUNCTTorahPROPNLEV.13.21PROPN,PUNCTJPSPROPN1917NUM)PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1((PUNCT_3 LEV.13.21punct
2TorahTorahPROPNNumber=Sing3 LEV.13.21compound
3LEV.13.21LEV.13.21PROPNNumber=Singrootroot
4,,PUNCT_5 JPSpunct
5JPSJPSPROPNNumber=Sing3 LEV.13.21conj
619171917NUMNumForm=Digit NumType=Card5 JPSflat
7))PUNCT_3 LEV.13.21punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 4

Yet Thou hast made him but little lower than the angels, and hast crowned him with glory and honour. (Writings PSA.8.6, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: Yet Thou hast made him but little lower than the angels, and hast crowned him with glory and honour.

The tree, 19 words
ccnsubj:passaux:passobjccadvmodconjcasedetoblpunctccconjccompobjcaseoblccconjpunctrootYetCCONJThouPRONhastAUXmadeVERBhimPRONbutCCONJlittleADVlowerADJthanADPtheDETangelsNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJhastVERBcrownedVERBhimPRONwithADPgloryNOUNandCCONJhonourNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1YetyetCCONJ_4 madecc
2ThouthouPRONCase=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch4 madensubj:pass
3hasthaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin4 madeaux:pass
4mademakeVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Passrootroot
5himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs4 madeobj
6butbutCCONJ_8 lowercc
7littlelittleADVDegree=Pos8 loweradvmod
8lowerlowADJDegree=Cmp4 madeconj
9thanthanADP_11 angelscase
10thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art11 angelsdet
11angelsangelNOUNNumber=Plur8 lowerobl
12,,PUNCT_14 hastpunct
13andandCCONJ_14 hastcc
14hasthaveVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin4 madeconj
15crownedcrownVERBMood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin14 hastccomp
16himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs15 crownedobj
17withwithADP_18 glorycase
18glorygloryNOUNNumber=Sing15 crownedobl
19andandCCONJ_20 honourcc
20honourhonourNOUNNumber=Sing18 gloryconj
21..PUNCT_4 madepunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1makepresent · passiveThouvn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary he=Product
2havepresenttree rules
3crownpasthim = hewith glory and honourvn butter-9.9 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent he=Destination with glory=Theme

Sentence 2: (Writings PSA.8.6, JPS 1917)

punctappospunctflatflatpunctroot(PUNCTWritingsNOUNPSA.8.6PROPN,PUNCTJPSPROPN1917NUM)PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1((PUNCT_2 Writingspunct
2WritingswritingNOUNNumber=Plurrootroot
3PSA.8.6PSA.8.6PROPNNumber=Sing2 Writingsappos
4,,PUNCT_5 JPSpunct
5JPSJPSPROPNNumber=Sing3 PSA.8.6flat
619171917NUMNumForm=Digit NumType=Card3 PSA.8.6flat
7))PUNCT_2 Writingspunct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 5

And the pavement was by the side of the gates, corresponding unto the length of the gates, even the lower pavement. (Prophets EZK.40.18, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: And the pavement was by the side of the gates, corresponding unto the length of the gates, even the lower pavement.

The tree, 21 words
ccdetnsubjcopcasedetcasedetnmodpunctaclcasedetoblcasedetnmodpunctadvmoddetamodconjpunctrootAndCCONJtheDETpavementNOUNwasAUXbyADPtheDETsideNOUNofADPtheDETgatesNOUN,PUNCTcorrespondingVERBuntoADPtheDETlengthNOUNofADPtheDETgatesNOUN,PUNCTevenADVtheDETlowerADJpavementNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1AndandCCONJ_7 sidecc
2thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art3 pavementdet
3pavementpavementNOUNNumber=Sing7 sidensubj
4wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin7 sidecop
5bybyADP_7 sidecase
6thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art7 sidedet
7sidesideNOUNNumber=Singrootroot
8ofofADP_10 gatescase
9thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art10 gatesdet
10gatesgateNOUNNumber=Plur7 sidenmod
11,,PUNCT_12 correspondingpunct
12correspondingcorrespondVERBVerbForm=Ger10 gatesacl
13untountoADP_15 lengthcase
14thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art15 lengthdet
15lengthlengthNOUNNumber=Sing12 correspondingobl
16ofofADP_18 gatescase
17thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art18 gatesdet
18gatesgateNOUNNumber=Plur15 lengthnmod
19,,PUNCT_23 pavementpunct
20evenevenADV_23 pavementadvmod
21thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art23 pavementdet
22lowerlowADJDegree=Cmp23 pavementamod
23pavementpavementNOUNNumber=Sing15 lengthconj
24..PUNCT_7 sidepunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1ispastthe pavementby the side; of the gatestree rules
2correspondgerundthe gates not said hereunto the length of the gates and the lower pavementvn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Sentence 2: (Prophets EZK.40.18, JPS 1917)

punctappospunctflatflatpunctroot(PUNCTProphetsNOUNEZK.40.18PROPN,PUNCTJPSPROPN1917NUM)PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1((PUNCT_2 Prophetspunct
2ProphetsprophetNOUNNumber=Plurrootroot
3EZK.40.18EZK.40.18PROPNNumber=Sing2 Prophetsappos
4,,PUNCT_5 JPSpunct
5JPSJPSPROPNNumber=Sing3 EZK.40.18flat
619171917NUMNumForm=Digit NumType=Card3 EZK.40.18flat
7))PUNCT_2 Prophetspunct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 6

And ye saw the breaches of the city of David, that they were many; and ye gathered together the waters of the lower pool. (Prophets ISA.22.9, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: And ye saw the breaches of the city of David, that they were many; and ye gathered together the waters of the lower pool.

The tree, 24 words
ccnsubjdetobjcasedetnmodcasenmodpunctmarknsubjcopconjpunctccnsubjconjadvmoddetobjcasedetamodnmodpunctrootAndCCONJyePRONsawVERBtheDETbreachesNOUNofADPtheDETcityNOUNofADPDavidPROPN,PUNCTthatSCONJtheyPRONwereAUXmanyADJ;PUNCTandCCONJyePRONgatheredVERBtogetherADVtheDETwatersNOUNofADPtheDETlowerADJpoolNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1AndandCCONJ_3 sawcc
2yeyePRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch3 sawnsubj
3sawseeVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
4thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art5 breachesdet
5breachesbreachNOUNNumber=Plur3 sawobj
6ofofADP_8 citycase
7thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art8 citydet
8citycityNOUNNumber=Sing5 breachesnmod
9ofofADP_10 Davidcase
10DavidDavidPROPNNumber=Sing8 citynmod
11,,PUNCT_15 manypunct
12thatthatSCONJ_15 manymark
13theytheyPRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs15 manynsubj
14werebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin15 manycop
15manymanyADJDegree=Pos3 sawconj
16;;PUNCT_19 gatheredpunct
17andandCCONJ_19 gatheredcc
18yeyePRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch19 gatherednsubj
19gatheredgatherVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin3 sawconj
20togethertogetherADV_19 gatheredadvmod
21thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art22 watersdet
22waterswaterNOUNNumber=Plur19 gatheredobj
23ofofADP_26 poolcase
24thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art26 pooldet
25lowerlowADJDegree=Cmp26 poolamod
26poolpoolNOUNNumber=Sing22 watersnmod
27..PUNCT_3 sawpunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1seepastyethe breaches of the city of Davidvn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer breach=Stimulus
2ispastbreaches = breachmany propertytree rules
3gatherpastyethe waters of the lower pooltogether propertyvn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme
4breachthe city of Davidnom breach «act transitive»: of=patient

Sentence 2: (Prophets ISA.22.9, JPS 1917)

punctappospunctflatflatpunctroot(PUNCTProphetsNOUNISA.22.9PROPN,PUNCTJPSPROPN1917NUM)PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1((PUNCT_2 Prophetspunct
2ProphetsprophetNOUNNumber=Plurrootroot
3ISA.22.9ISA.22.9PROPNNumber=Sing2 Prophetsappos
4,,PUNCT_5 JPSpunct
5JPSJPSPROPNNumber=Sing3 ISA.22.9flat
619171917NUMNumForm=Digit NumType=Card3 ISA.22.9flat
7))PUNCT_2 Prophetspunct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 7

Write your name in lower-case letters.

nmod:possobjcasecompoundpunctcompoundoblpunctrootWriteVERByourPRONnameNOUNinADPlowerNOUN-PUNCTcaseNOUNlettersNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1WritewriteVERBMood=Imp VerbForm=Finrootroot
2youryourPRONCase=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs3 namenmod:poss
3namenameNOUNNumber=Sing1 Writeobj
4ininADP_8 letterscase
5lowerlowerNOUNNumber=Sing7 casecompound
6--PUNCT_5 lowerpunct
7casecaseNOUNNumber=Sing8 letterscompound
8lettersletterNOUNNumber=Plur1 Writeobl
9..PUNCT_1 Writepunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1writeimperativeyou not said hereyour namecase lettersvn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent name=Theme in letter=Destination
2nameyournom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Example 8

The temperature is lower at night.

detnsubjcopcaseoblpunctrootTheDETtemperatureNOUNisAUXlowerADJatADPnightNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art2 temperaturedet
2temperaturetemperatureNOUNNumber=Sing4 lowernsubj
3isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin4 lowercop
4lowerlowADJDegree=Cmprootroot
5atatADP_6 nightcase
6nightnightNOUNNumber=Sing4 lowerobl
7..PUNCT_4 lowerpunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1ispresentthe temperaturenightlow propertytree rules

Example 9

12 is lower than 20.

obl:unmarkedcopcaseoblpunctroot12NUMisAUXlowerADJthanADP20NUM.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
11212NUMNumForm=Digit NumType=Card3 lowerobl:unmarked
2isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin3 lowercop
3lowerlowADJDegree=Cmprootroot
4thanthanADP_5 20case
52020NUMNumForm=Digit NumType=Card3 lowerobl
6..PUNCT_3 lowerpunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1ispresentthan 20; 12 obl:unmarked; low propertytree rules

Example 10

Lower the bucket into the well slowly.

detobjcasedetobladvmodpunctrootLowerVERBtheDETbucketNOUNintoADPtheDETwellNOUNslowlyADV.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1LowerlowerVERBMood=Imp VerbForm=Finrootroot
2thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art3 bucketdet
3bucketbucketNOUNNumber=Sing1 Lowerobj
4intointoADP_6 wellcase
5thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art6 welldet
6wellwellNOUNNumber=Sing1 Lowerobl
7slowlyslowlyADV_1 Loweradvmod
8..PUNCT_1 Lowerpunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1lowerimperativeyou not said herethe bucketthe wellslowly propertyvn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent bucket=Theme into well=Destination

Example 11

Please lower your voice in the library.

discoursenmod:possobjcasedetoblpunctrootPleaseINTJlowerVERByourPRONvoiceNOUNinADPtheDETlibraryNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1PleasepleaseINTJ_2 lowerdiscourse
2lowerlowerVERBMood=Imp VerbForm=Finrootroot
3youryourPRONCase=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs4 voicenmod:poss
4voicevoiceNOUNNumber=Sing2 lowerobj
5ininADP_7 librarycase
6thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art7 librarydet
7librarylibraryNOUNNumber=Sing2 lowerobl
8..PUNCT_2 lowerpunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1lowerimperativeyou not said hereyour voicethe libraryvn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent voice=Theme in library=Destination

Example 12

The shop lowered its prices in the sale.

detnsubjnmod:possobjcasedetoblpunctrootTheDETshopNOUNloweredVERBitsPRONpricesNOUNinADPtheDETsaleNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art2 shopdet
2shopshopNOUNNumber=Sing3 lowerednsubj
3loweredlowerVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
4itsitsPRONCase=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs5 pricesnmod:poss
5pricespriceNOUNNumber=Plur3 loweredobj
6ininADP_8 salecase
7thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art8 saledet
8salesaleNOUNNumber=Sing3 loweredobl
9..PUNCT_3 loweredpunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1lowerpastthe shopshop's pricesthe salevn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent price=Theme in sale=Destination

Example 13

The lower shelf is for the little ones.

detamodnsubjcopcasedetamodpunctrootTheDETlowerADJshelfNOUNisAUXforADPtheDETlittleADJonesNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art3 shelfdet
2lowerlowADJDegree=Cmp3 shelfamod
3shelfshelfNOUNNumber=Sing8 onesnsubj
4isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin8 onescop
5forforADP_8 onescase
6thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art8 onesdet
7littlelittleADJDegree=Pos8 onesamod
8onesoneNOUNNumber=Plurrootroot
9..PUNCT_8 onespunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1ispresentthe lower shelffor the little onestree rules

Example 14

My lower lip is cut.

nmod:possamodnsubj:passaux:passpunctrootMyPRONlowerADJlipNOUNisAUXcutVERB.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1MymyPRONCase=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs3 lipnmod:poss
2lowerlowADJDegree=Cmp3 lipamod
3liplipNOUNNumber=Sing5 cutnsubj:pass
4isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin5 cutaux:pass
5cutcutVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Passrootroot
6..PUNCT_5 cutpunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1cutpresent · passiveMy lower lipvn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/L/lower/