overturn Who acts: something, bottom, boat, decision, judge, idea · What happens: overturn, be, make, turn over, say, replace · To what, where: something, top, decision, ruling, idea, waters · Speech: someone speaks here
«overturn» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: overturn in the Judaism dictionary .
Meaning 1 To overturn is to turn over, or make something turn over, so the bottom is on top: the boat overturned.
The tree, 20 words mark csubj cop mark compound:prt punct cc conj obj xcomp advmod punct advmod det nsubj cop case obl punct det nsubj conj punct root To PART overturn VERB is AUX to PART turn VERB over ADP , PUNCT or CCONJ make VERB something PRON turn VERB over ADV , PUNCT so ADV the DET bottom NOUN is AUX on ADP top NOUN : PUNCT the DET boat NOUN overturned VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 overturn mark 2 overturn overturn VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 turn csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 turn cop 4 to to PART _ 5 turn mark 5 turn turn VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 over over ADP _ 5 turn compound:prt 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 make punct 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 make cc 9 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 turn conj 10 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 9 make obj 11 turn turn VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 make xcomp 12 over over ADV _ 11 turn advmod 13 , , PUNCT _ 19 top punct 14 so so ADV _ 19 top advmod 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 bottom det 16 bottom bottom NOUN Number=Sing 19 top nsubj 17 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 19 top cop 18 on on ADP _ 19 top case 19 top top NOUN Number=Sing 5 turn obl 20 : : PUNCT _ 23 overturned punct 21 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 22 boat det 22 boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 23 overturned nsubj 23 overturned overturn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 19 top conj 24 . . PUNCT _ 5 turn punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 overturn to-infinitive tree rules 2 is present turn property tree rules 3 make infinitive something tree rules 4 turn over infinitive something not said here over property vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent 5 is present the bottom top tree rules 6 overturn past the boat tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: law — kept apart, not parsed.
To overturn a decision is to change it officially and say it was wrong: the judge overturned the ruling.
The tree, 19 words mark advcl det obj cop mark obj advmod cc conj nsubj cop ccomp punct det nsubj parataxis det obj punct root To PART overturn VERB a DET decision NOUN is AUX to PART change VERB it PRON officially ADV and CCONJ say VERB it PRON was AUX wrong ADJ : PUNCT the DET judge NOUN overturned VERB the DET ruling NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 overturn mark 2 overturn overturn VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 change advcl 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 decision det 4 decision decision NOUN Number=Sing 2 overturn obj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 change cop 6 to to PART _ 7 change mark 7 change change VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 change obj 9 officially officially ADV _ 7 change advmod 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 say cc 11 say say VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 7 change conj 12 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 wrong nsubj 13 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 14 wrong cop 14 wrong wrong ADJ Degree=Pos 11 say ccomp 15 : : PUNCT _ 18 overturned punct 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 judge det 17 judge judge NOUN Number=Sing 18 overturned nsubj 18 overturned overturn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 change parataxis 19 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 20 ruling det 20 ruling ruling NOUN Number=Sing 18 overturned obj 21 . . PUNCT _ 7 change punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 overturn to-infinitive a decision tree rules 2 is present change, officially property tree rules 3 say speech: assert infinitive vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 4 is past decision wrong property tree rules 5 overturn past the judge the ruling tree rules
Meaning 3 To overturn an idea is to show it is wrong or replace it.
mark advcl det obj cop mark nsubj cop ccomp cc conj obj punct root To PART overturn VERB an DET idea NOUN is AUX to PART show VERB it PRON is AUX wrong ADJ or CCONJ replace VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 overturn mark 2 overturn overturn VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 show advcl 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 idea det 4 idea idea NOUN Number=Sing 2 overturn obj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 show cop 6 to to PART _ 7 show mark 7 show show VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 8 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 wrong nsubj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 wrong cop 10 wrong wrong ADJ Degree=Pos 7 show ccomp 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 replace cc 12 replace replace VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 7 show conj 13 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 replace obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 7 show punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 overturn to-infinitive a idea tree rules 2 is present show property tree rules 3 is present idea wrong property tree rules 4 replace infinitive idea vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme
Example 1 Behold, He withholdeth the waters, and they dry up; also He sendeth them out, and they overturn the earth. (Writings JOB.12.15, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: Behold, He withholdeth the waters, and they dry up; also He sendeth them out, and they overturn the earth.
The tree, 19 words discourse punct nsubj det obj punct cc nsubj conj compound:prt punct advmod nsubj conj obj compound:prt punct cc nsubj conj det obj punct root Behold INTJ , PUNCT He PRON withholdeth VERB the DET waters NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ they PRON dry VERB up ADP ; PUNCT also ADV He PRON sendeth VERB them PRON out ADP , PUNCT and CCONJ they PRON overturn VERB the DET earth NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Behold behold INTJ _ 4 withholdeth discourse 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 Behold punct 3 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 withholdeth nsubj 4 withholdeth withhold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 waters det 6 waters water NOUN Number=Plur 4 withholdeth obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 dry punct 8 and and CCONJ _ 10 dry cc 9 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 dry nsubj 10 dry dry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 withholdeth conj 11 up up ADP _ 10 dry compound:prt 12 ; ; PUNCT _ 15 sendeth punct 13 also also ADV _ 15 sendeth advmod 14 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 sendeth nsubj 15 sendeth send VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 withholdeth conj 16 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 sendeth obj 17 out out ADP _ 15 sendeth compound:prt 18 , , PUNCT _ 21 overturn punct 19 and and CCONJ _ 21 overturn cc 20 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 21 overturn nsubj 21 overturn overturn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 sendeth conj 22 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 23 earth det 23 earth earth NOUN Number=Sing 21 overturn obj 24 . . PUNCT _ 4 withholdeth punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 withhold present He the waters tree rules 2 dry up present waters = water vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 3 send out present He waters = water vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme 4 overturn present waters = water the earth tree rules
Sentence 2: (Writings JOB.12.15, JPS 1917)
punct appos punct flat flat punct root ( PUNCT Writings NOUN JOB.12.15 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Writings punct 2 Writings writing NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 JOB.12.15 JOB.12.15 PROPN Number=Sing 2 Writings appos 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 JPS punct 5 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 3 JOB.12.15 flat 6 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 JOB.12.15 flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Writings punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 2 The canoe overturned and we fell into the lake.
det nsubj cc nsubj conj case det obl punct root The DET canoe NOUN overturned VERB and CCONJ we PRON fell VERB into ADP the DET lake NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 canoe det 2 canoe canoe NOUN Number=Sing 3 overturned nsubj 3 overturned overturn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 and and CCONJ _ 6 fell cc 5 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 fell nsubj 6 fell fall VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 overturned conj 7 into into ADP _ 9 lake case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 lake det 9 lake lake NOUN Number=Sing 6 fell obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 overturned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 overturn past the canoe tree rules 2 fall past we into the lake result vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into lake=Result
Example 3 The wind overturned our tent.
det nsubj nmod:poss obj punct root The DET wind NOUN overturned VERB our PRON tent NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 wind det 2 wind wind NOUN Number=Sing 3 overturned nsubj 3 overturned overturn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 tent nmod:poss 5 tent tent NOUN Number=Sing 3 overturned obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 overturned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 overturn past the wind our tent tree rules
Example 4 Jesus overturned the tables of the money changers.
nsubj det obj case det compound nmod punct root Jesus PROPN overturned VERB the DET tables NOUN of ADP the DET money NOUN changers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Jesus Jesus PROPN Number=Sing 2 overturned nsubj 2 overturned overturn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 tables det 4 tables table NOUN Number=Plur 2 overturned obj 5 of of ADP _ 8 changers case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 changers det 7 money money NOUN Number=Sing 8 changers compound 8 changers changer NOUN Number=Plur 4 tables nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 overturned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 overturn past Jesus the tables of the money changers tree rules
Example 5 The court overturned the unfair decision.
det nsubj det amod obj punct root The DET court NOUN overturned VERB the DET unfair ADJ decision NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 court det 2 court court NOUN Number=Sing 3 overturned nsubj 3 overturned overturn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 decision det 5 unfair unfair ADJ Degree=Pos 6 decision amod 6 decision decision NOUN Number=Sing 3 overturned obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 overturned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 overturn past the court the unfair decision tree rules
Example 6 The lorry overturned on the motorway.
det acl case det obl punct root The DET lorry NOUN overturned VERB on ADP the DET motorway NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 lorry det 2 lorry lorry NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 overturned overturn VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 lorry acl 4 on on ADP _ 6 motorway case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 motorway det 6 motorway motorway NOUN Number=Sing 3 overturned obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 lorry punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 overturn participle the lorry not said here the motorway tree rules
Example 7 New fossils overturned the old idea.
amod nsubj det amod obj punct root New ADJ fossils NOUN overturned VERB the DET old ADJ idea NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 New new ADJ Degree=Pos 2 fossils amod 2 fossils fossil NOUN Number=Plur 3 overturned nsubj 3 overturned overturn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 idea det 5 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 6 idea amod 6 idea idea NOUN Number=Sing 3 overturned obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 overturned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 overturn past New fossils the old idea tree rules
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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