plow

Who acts: plow, Thou, plowers, I, they, plowman · What happens: be, pull, turn over, plow, not plow, make · To what, where: farm tool, soil, American spelling, furrows, iniquity, mischief

«plow» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: plow in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

A plow is a farm tool pulled by animals to turn over the soil; it is the American spelling of «plough».

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 plow	det
2	plow	plow	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 tool	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 tool	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 tool	det
5	farm	farm	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 tool	compound
6	tool	tool	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	pulled	pull	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 tool	acl
8	by	by	ADP	_	9 animals	case
9	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 pulled	obl:agent
10	to	to	PART	_	11 turn	mark
11	turn	turn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 pulled	advcl
12	over	over	ADP	_	11 turn	compound:prt
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 soil	det
14	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 turn	obj
15	;	;	PUNCT	_	20 spelling	punct
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 spelling	nsubj
17	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 spelling	cop
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 spelling	det
19	American	American	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 spelling	amod
20	spelling	spelling	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 tool	appos
21	of	of	ADP	_	23 plough	case
22	«	«	PUNCT	_	23 plough	punct
23	plough	plough	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 spelling	nmod
24	»	»	PUNCT	_	20 spelling	punct
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 tool	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a plow	a farm tool		tree rules
2	pull	participle		a farm tool not said here		vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	turn over	to-infinitive		the soil		vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent soil=Theme
4	is a	present	plow	the American spelling	of plough	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

To plow is to turn over soil with a plow.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 plow	mark
2	plow	plow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 turn	csubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 turn	cop
4	to	to	PART	_	5 turn	mark
5	turn	turn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	over	over	ADP	_	7 soil	compound:prt
7	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 turn	obj
8	with	with	ADP	_	10 plow	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 plow	det
10	plow	plow	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 turn	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 turn	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	plow	to-infinitive							vn wipe_instr-10.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent
2	is	present						with a plow; turn property	tree rules

Example 1

Thou shalt not plow with an ox and an ass together. (Torah DEU.22.10, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: Thou shalt not plow with an ox and an ass together.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Thou	thou	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	4 plow	nsubj
2	shalt	shall	AUX	Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin	4 plow	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 plow	advmod
4	plow	plow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	with	with	ADP	_	7 ox	case
6	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 ox	det
7	ox	ox	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 plow	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 ass	cc
9	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 ass	det
10	ass	ass	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 ox	conj
11	together	together	ADV	_	4 plow	advmod
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 plow	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not plow	shall	Thou					with a ox and a ass; together property	vn wipe_instr-10.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent

Sentence 2: (Torah DEU.22.10, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	3 DEU.22.10	punct
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 DEU.22.10	compound
3	DEU.22.10	DEU.22.10	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 DEU.22.10	conj
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 JPS	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	3 DEU.22.10	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

The plowers plowed upon my back; they made long their furrows. (Writings PSA.129.3, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: The plowers plowed upon my back; they made long their furrows.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 plowers	det
2	plowers	plower	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 plowed	nsubj
3	plowed	plow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	upon	upon	ADP	_	6 back	case
5	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 back	nmod:poss
6	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 plowed	obl
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	9 made	punct
8	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 made	nsubj
9	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 plowed	conj
10	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	9 made	advmod
11	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 furrows	nmod:poss
12	furrows	furrow	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 made	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 plowed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	plow	past	the plowers					upon my back	vn wipe_instr-10.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent
2	make	past	plowers = plower	plowers's furrows				long property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset furrow=Product

Sentence 2: (Writings PSA.129.3, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	PSA.129.3	PSA.129.3	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Writings	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 PSA.129.3	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 PSA.129.3	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 3

According as I have seen, they that plow iniquity, and sow mischief, reap the same. (Writings JOB.4.8, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: According as I have seen, they that plow iniquity, and sow mischief, reap the same.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	According	accord	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 seen	mark
2	as	as	SCONJ	_	5 seen	mark
3	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	5 seen	nsubj
4	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 seen	aux
5	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 plow	punct
7	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 plow	nsubj
8	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	9 plow	nsubj
9	plow	plow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 seen	conj
10	iniquity	iniquity	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 plow	obj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 sow	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 sow	cc
13	sow	sow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 plow	conj
14	mischief	mischief	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 sow	obj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 reap	punct
16	reap	reap	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 sow	conj
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 same	det
18	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 reap	obj
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 seen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	accord	gerund			vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent
2	see	present · perfect	I		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
3	plow	present	they	iniquity	vn wipe_instr-10.4.2-1 «NP V NP.initial_location»: agent=Agent iniquity=Initial_Location
4	sow	present	they not said here	mischief	vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent mischief=Theme
5	reap	infinitive	they not said here	the same	vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent same=Theme

Sentence 2: (Writings JOB.4.8, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	JOB.4.8	JOB.4.8	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Writings	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 JOB.4.8	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 JOB.4.8	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 4

Is the plowman never done with plowing to sow, with the opening and harrowing of his ground? (Prophets ISA.28.24, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: Is the plowman never done with plowing to sow, with the opening and harrowing of his ground?

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 done	cop
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 plowman	det
3	plowman	plowman	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 done	nsubj
4	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	5 done	advmod
5	done	do	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	with	with	SCONJ	_	7 plowing	mark
7	plowing	plow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 done	advcl
8	to	to	PART	_	9 sow	mark
9	sow	sow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 plowing	xcomp
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 opening	punct
11	with	with	ADP	_	13 opening	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 opening	det
13	opening	opening	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 sow	obl
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 harrowing	cc
15	harrowing	harrow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 plowing	conj
16	of	of	ADP	_	18 ground	case
17	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	18 ground	nmod:poss
18	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 harrowing	obl
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 done	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	not is	present	the plowman	do property	tree rules
2	plow	gerund	the plowman not said here		tree rules
3	sow	to-infinitive	the plowman not said here	with the opening	vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent with opening=Theme
4	harrow	gerund	the plowman not said here	of his ground	tree rules

Sentence 2: (Prophets ISA.28.24, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	ISA.28.24	ISA.28.24	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Prophets	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 ISA.28.24	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 ISA.28.24	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 5

Cincinnatus left his plow standing where it was.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cincinnatus	cincinnatus	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 left	nsubj
2	left	leave	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 plow	nmod:poss
4	plow	plow	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 left	obj
5	standing	stand	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 plow	acl
6	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	8 was	advmod
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 was	nsubj
8	was	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 standing	advcl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 left	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	leave	past	Cincinnatus	Cincinnatus's plow	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plow=Theme
2	stand	gerund	Cincinnatus's plow not said here		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	be	past	plow		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 6

Keep the bulls and the plow buffaloes by themselves.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 bulls	det
3	bulls	bull	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Keep	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 buffaloes	cc
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 buffaloes	det
6	plow	plow	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 buffaloes	compound
7	buffaloes	buffalo	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 bulls	conj
8	by	by	ADP	_	9 themselves	case
9	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	1 Keep	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Keep	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	imperative	you not said here	the bulls and the plow buffaloes				by buffaloes = buffalo	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent bull=Theme by themselves=Location

Example 7

The farmer plows the field before the rain.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 farmer	det
2	farmer	farmer	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 plows	nsubj
3	plows	plow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 field	det
5	field	field	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 plows	obj
6	before	before	ADP	_	8 rain	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 rain	det
8	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 plows	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 plows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	plow	present	the farmer	the field			before the rain		vn wipe_instr-10.4.2-1 «NP V NP.initial_location»: agent=Agent field=Initial_Location

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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