Who acts: skiers, LORD, rain, he, ground, graven · What happens: make, crush, use, put, word, come down · To what, where: dry substance, special powder, powder, something, rain, heaven
«powder» in the Judaism dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 12 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: powder in the Judaism dictionary.
Meaning 1
A dry substance made of very tiny pieces, like flour, dust or crushed chalk.
The tree, 14 wordsThe words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#
word
lemma
UPOS
features
head
relation
1
A
a
DET
Definite=Ind PronType=Art
3 substance
det
2
dry
dry
ADJ
Degree=Pos
3 substance
amod
3
substance
substance
NOUN
Number=Sing
root
root
4
made
make
VERB
Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass
3 substance
acl
5
of
of
ADP
_
8 pieces
case
6
very
very
ADV
_
7 tiny
advmod
7
tiny
tiny
ADJ
Degree=Pos
8 pieces
amod
8
pieces
piece
NOUN
Number=Plur
4 made
obl
9
,
,
PUNCT
_
11 flour
punct
10
like
like
ADP
_
11 flour
case
11
flour
flour
NOUN
Number=Sing
3 substance
conj
12
,
,
PUNCT
_
13 dust
punct
13
dust
dust
NOUN
Number=Sing
3 substance
conj
14
or
or
CCONJ
_
16 chalk
cc
15
crushed
crush
VERB
Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass
16 chalk
amod
16
chalk
chalk
NOUN
Number=Sing
3 substance
conj
17
.
.
PUNCT
_
3 substance
punct
#
verb
tense, mood
who
what, whom
to whom
where
when
other
roles by
1
make
participle
a dry substance and flour and dust or crushed chalk not said here
of tiny pieces
vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
2
crush
participle
vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2
A special powder used for a job: «washing powder», «baby powder», «talcum powder».
The tree, 13 wordsThe words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#
word
lemma
UPOS
features
head
relation
1
A
a
DET
Definite=Ind PronType=Art
3 powder
det
2
special
special
ADJ
Degree=Pos
3 powder
amod
3
powder
powder
NOUN
Number=Sing
root
root
4
used
use
VERB
Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass
3 powder
acl
5
for
for
ADP
_
7 job
case
6
a
a
DET
Definite=Ind PronType=Art
7 job
det
7
job
job
NOUN
Number=Sing
4 used
obl
8
:
:
PUNCT
_
11 powder
punct
9
«
«
PUNCT
_
11 powder
punct
10
washing
washing
NOUN
Number=Sing
11 powder
compound
11
powder
powder
NOUN
Number=Sing
7 job
appos
12
»
»
PUNCT
_
11 powder
punct
13
,
,
PUNCT
_
16 powder
punct
14
«
«
PUNCT
_
16 powder
punct
15
baby
baby
NOUN
Number=Sing
16 powder
compound
16
powder
powder
NOUN
Number=Sing
11 powder
appos
17
»
»
PUNCT
_
16 powder
punct
18
,
,
PUNCT
_
21 powder
punct
19
«
«
PUNCT
_
21 powder
punct
20
talcum
talcum
NOUN
Number=Sing
21 powder
compound
21
powder
powder
NOUN
Number=Sing
11 powder
appos
22
»
»
PUNCT
_
21 powder
punct
23
.
.
PUNCT
_
3 powder
punct
#
verb
tense, mood
who
what, whom
to whom
where
when
other
roles by
1
use
participle
a special powder not said here
for a job
vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
To put powder on something.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#
word
lemma
UPOS
features
head
relation
1
To
to
PART
_
2 put
mark
2
put
put
VERB
Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin
root
root
3
powder
powder
NOUN
Number=Sing
2 put
obj
4
on
on
ADP
_
5 something
case
5
something
something
PRON
Number=Sing PronType=Ind
2 put
obl
6
.
.
PUNCT
_
2 put
punct
#
verb
tense, mood
who
what, whom
to whom
where
when
other
roles by
1
put
to-infinitive
powder
something
vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent powder=Theme on something=Destination
Meaning 4
Fresh, light, dry snow (skiers' word).
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#
word
lemma
UPOS
features
head
relation
1
Fresh
fresh
ADJ
Degree=Pos
6 snow
amod
2
,
,
PUNCT
_
1 Fresh
punct
3
light
light
ADJ
Degree=Pos
6 snow
amod
4
,
,
PUNCT
_
3 light
punct
5
dry
dry
ADJ
Degree=Pos
6 snow
amod
6
snow
snow
NOUN
Number=Sing
root
root
7
(
(
PUNCT
_
10 word
punct
8
skiers
skier
NOUN
Number=Plur
10 word
nmod:poss
9
'
's
PART
_
8 skiers
case
10
word
word
NOUN
Number=Sing
6 snow
appos
11
)
)
PUNCT
_
10 word
punct
12
.
.
PUNCT
_
6 snow
punct
#
verb
tense, mood
who
what, whom
to whom
where
when
other
roles by
1
word
skiers
nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Meaning 5
Gunpowder (old use).
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#
word
lemma
UPOS
features
head
relation
1
Gunpowder
gunpowder
NOUN
Number=Sing
root
root
2
(
(
PUNCT
_
4 use
punct
3
old
old
ADJ
Degree=Pos
4 use
amod
4
use
use
NOUN
Number=Sing
1 Gunpowder
appos
5
)
)
PUNCT
_
4 use
punct
6
.
.
PUNCT
_
1 Gunpowder
punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 1
The LORD will make the rain of thy land powder and dust; from heaven shall it come down upon thee, until thou be destroyed. (Torah DEU.28.24, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: The LORD will make the rain of thy land powder and dust; from heaven shall it come down upon thee, until thou be destroyed.
The tree, 24 wordsThe words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rain=Product
2
come down
shall
rain
heaven
upon thee; down property
vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from heaven=Initial_Location
3
destroy
infinitive · passive
thou
vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
4
rain
thy land powder and dust
nom rain «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient
Sentence 2: (Torah DEU.28.24, JPS 1917)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#
word
lemma
UPOS
features
head
relation
1
(
(
PUNCT
_
3 DEU.28.24
punct
2
Torah
Torah
PROPN
Number=Sing
3 DEU.28.24
compound
3
DEU.28.24
DEU.28.24
PROPN
Number=Sing
root
root
4
,
,
PUNCT
_
5 JPS
punct
5
JPS
JPS
PROPN
Number=Sing
3 DEU.28.24
conj
6
1917
1917
NUM
NumForm=Digit NumType=Card
5 JPS
flat
7
)
)
PUNCT
_
3 DEU.28.24
punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 2
And he took the calf which they had made, and burnt it with fire, and ground it to powder, and strewed it upon the water, and made the children of Israel drink of it. (Torah EXO.32.20, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: And he took the calf which they had made, and burnt it with fire, and ground it to powder, and strewed it upon the water, and made the children of Israel drink of it.
The tree, 34 wordsThe words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument calf=Destination
2
make
past · perfect · passive
the calf
vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
3
burnt
past
he not said here
calf
with fire
tree rules
4
powder
to-infinitive
ground
vn braid-41.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
5
strew
past
he not said here
ground
the water
vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme upon water=Destination
6
make
past
he not said here
the children of Israel drink of ground
vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset child=Product
Sentence 2: (Torah EXO.32.20, JPS 1917)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#
word
lemma
UPOS
features
head
relation
1
(
(
PUNCT
_
3 EXO.32.20
punct
2
Torah
Torah
PROPN
Number=Sing
3 EXO.32.20
compound
3
EXO.32.20
EXO.32.20
PROPN
Number=Sing
root
root
4
,
,
PUNCT
_
5 JPS
punct
5
JPS
JPS
PROPN
Number=Sing
3 EXO.32.20
conj
6
1917
1917
NUM
NumForm=Digit NumType=Card
5 JPS
flat
7
)
)
PUNCT
_
3 EXO.32.20
punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 3
Who is this that cometh up out of the wilderness like pillars of smoke, perfumed with myrrh and frankincense, with all powders of the merchant? (Writings SNG.3.6, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: Who is this that cometh up out of the wilderness like pillars of smoke, perfumed with myrrh and frankincense, with all powders of the merchant?
The tree, 25 wordsThe words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
with myrrh and frankincense; with all powders of the merchant
vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with myrrh=Theme
Sentence 2: (Writings SNG.3.6, JPS 1917)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#
word
lemma
UPOS
features
head
relation
1
(
(
PUNCT
_
2 Writings
punct
2
Writings
writing
NOUN
Number=Plur
root
root
3
SNG.3.6
SNG.3.6
PROPN
Number=Sing
2 Writings
appos
4
,
,
PUNCT
_
5 JPS
punct
5
JPS
JPS
PROPN
Number=Sing
3 SNG.3.6
flat
6
1917
1917
NUM
NumForm=Digit NumType=Card
3 SNG.3.6
flat
7
)
)
PUNCT
_
2 Writings
punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 4
And he broke down the altars, and beat the Asherim and the graven images into powder, and hewed down all the sun-images throughout all the land of Israel, and returned to Jerusalem. (Writings 2CH.34.7, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: And he broke down the altars, and beat the Asherim and the graven images into powder, and hewed down all the sun-images throughout all the land of Israel, and returned to Jerusalem.
The tree, 33 wordsThe words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial_location»: agent=Theme fight=Source
2
rush
past
he
the fight not said here
the powder magazine
vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent fight=Theme into magazine=Trajectory
3
fire
past
he not said here
fight
vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.