puncture Who acts: puncture, air, puncture wound, nose, I, Dad · What happens: be, make, come out, puncture, get, show · To what, where: small hole, something, deep small wound, puncture, bike, me
«puncture» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: puncture in the Judaism dictionary .
Meaning 1 A puncture is a small hole made by something sharp, especially in a tyre so that the air comes out.
The tree, 20 words det nsubj cop det amod acl case obl:agent amod punct advmod case det conj mark fixed det nsubj advcl compound:prt punct root A DET puncture NOUN is AUX a DET small ADJ hole NOUN made VERB by ADP something PRON sharp ADJ , PUNCT especially ADV in ADP a DET tyre NOUN so SCONJ that SCONJ the DET air NOUN comes VERB out ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 puncture det 2 puncture puncture NOUN Number=Sing 6 hole nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 hole cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 hole det 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 6 hole amod 6 hole hole NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 hole acl 8 by by ADP _ 9 something case 9 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 made obl:agent 10 sharp sharp ADJ Degree=Pos 9 something amod 11 , , PUNCT _ 15 tyre punct 12 especially especially ADV _ 15 tyre advmod 13 in in ADP _ 15 tyre case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 tyre det 15 tyre tyre NOUN Number=Sing 10 sharp conj 16 so so SCONJ ExtPos=SCONJ 20 comes mark 17 that that SCONJ _ 16 so fixed 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 air det 19 air air NOUN Number=Sing 20 comes nsubj 20 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 made advcl 21 out out ADP _ 20 comes compound:prt 22 . . PUNCT _ 6 hole punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a puncture a small hole tree rules 2 make participle a small hole not said here vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset 3 come out present the air vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To puncture something is to make a small hole in it.
mark csubj obj cop mark det amod obj case nmod punct root To PART puncture VERB something PRON is AUX to PART make VERB a DET small ADJ hole NOUN in ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 puncture mark 2 puncture puncture VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 make csubj 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 puncture obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 make cop 5 to to PART _ 6 make mark 6 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 hole det 8 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 9 hole amod 9 hole hole NOUN Number=Sing 6 make obj 10 in in ADP _ 11 it case 11 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 hole nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 puncture to-infinitive something vn poke-19 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient 2 is present make property tree rules
Meaning 3 A puncture wound is a deep, small wound made by something pointed, like a nail.
The tree, 15 words det compound nsubj cop det amod punct amod acl case obl:agent amod punct case det obl punct root A DET puncture NOUN wound NOUN is AUX a DET deep ADJ , PUNCT small ADJ wound NOUN made VERB by ADP something PRON pointed ADJ , PUNCT like ADP a DET nail NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 wound det 2 puncture puncture NOUN Number=Sing 3 wound compound 3 wound wound NOUN Number=Sing 9 wound nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 wound cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 wound det 6 deep deep ADJ Degree=Pos 9 wound amod 7 , , PUNCT _ 6 deep punct 8 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 9 wound amod 9 wound wound NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 wound acl 11 by by ADP _ 12 something case 12 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 10 made obl:agent 13 pointed pointed ADJ Degree=Pos 12 something amod 14 , , PUNCT _ 17 nail punct 15 like like ADP _ 17 nail case 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 nail det 17 nail nail NOUN Number=Sing 10 made obl 18 . . PUNCT _ 9 wound punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a puncture wound a deep small wound tree rules 2 make participle a deep small wound not said here like a nail vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
Example 1 And the Seven Gates in the person: two eyes, two ears, two punctures of the nose, and the mouth. (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)
Sentence 1: And the Seven Gates in the person: two eyes, two ears, two punctures of the nose, and the mouth.
The tree, 19 words cc det compound nsubj case det punct nummod appos punct nummod conj punct nummod conj case det nmod punct cc det conj punct root And CCONJ the DET Seven PROPN Gates PROPN in ADP the DET person NOUN : PUNCT two NUM eyes NOUN , PUNCT two NUM ears NOUN , PUNCT two NUM punctures NOUN of ADP the DET nose NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ the DET mouth NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 And and CCONJ _ 4 Gates cc 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 Gates det 3 Seven Seven PROPN Number=Sing 4 Gates compound 4 Gates Gate PROPN Number=Plur 7 person nsubj 5 in in ADP _ 7 person case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 person det 7 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 : : PUNCT _ 10 eyes punct 9 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 10 eyes nummod 10 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 7 person appos 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 ears punct 12 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 13 ears nummod 13 ears ear NOUN Number=Plur 10 eyes conj 14 , , PUNCT _ 16 punctures punct 15 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 16 punctures nummod 16 punctures puncture NOUN Number=Plur 10 eyes conj 17 of of ADP _ 19 nose case 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 nose det 19 nose nose NOUN Number=Sing 16 punctures nmod 20 , , PUNCT _ 23 mouth punct 21 and and CCONJ _ 23 mouth cc 22 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 23 mouth det 23 mouth mouth NOUN Number=Sing 7 person conj 24 . . PUNCT _ 7 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 puncture the nose nom puncture «event intransitive»: of=agent
Sentence 2: (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)
punct flat punct compound compound appos punct root ( PUNCT Sefer PROPN Yetzirah PROPN , PUNCT Sefaria PROPN community NOUN translation NOUN ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct 2 Sefer Sefer PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 Yetzirah Yetzirah PROPN Number=Sing 2 Sefer flat 4 , , PUNCT _ 7 translation punct 5 Sefaria Sefaria PROPN Number=Sing 7 translation compound 6 community community NOUN Number=Sing 7 translation compound 7 translation translation NOUN Number=Sing 2 Sefer appos 8 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 2 I got a puncture on my bike on the way to school.
nsubj det obj case nmod:poss obl case det obl case nmod punct root I PRON got VERB a DET puncture NOUN on ADP my PRON bike NOUN on ADP the DET way NOUN to ADP school NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 got nsubj 2 got get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 puncture det 4 puncture puncture NOUN Number=Sing 2 got obj 5 on on ADP _ 7 bike case 6 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 bike nmod:poss 7 bike bike NOUN Number=Sing 2 got obl 8 on on ADP _ 10 way case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 way det 10 way way NOUN Number=Sing 2 got obl 11 to to ADP _ 12 school case 12 school school NOUN Number=Sing 10 way nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 got punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get past I a puncture my bike on the way to school vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent puncture=Theme on bike=Source
Example 3 Dad showed me how to mend a puncture.
nsubj iobj advmod mark advcl det obj punct root Dad NOUN showed VERB me PRON how ADV to PART mend VERB a DET puncture NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 showed nsubj 2 showed show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 showed iobj 4 how how ADV PronType=Int 6 mend advmod 5 to to PART _ 6 mend mark 6 mend mend VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 showed advcl 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 puncture det 8 puncture puncture NOUN Number=Sing 6 mend obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 showed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show past Dad me vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent i=Recipient 2 mend to-infinitive Dad not said here a puncture tree rules
Example 4 A nail punctured the car tyre.
det nsubj det compound obj punct root A DET nail NOUN punctured VERB the DET car NOUN tyre NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 nail det 2 nail nail NOUN Number=Sing 3 punctured nsubj 3 punctured puncture VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 tyre det 5 car car NOUN Number=Sing 6 tyre compound 6 tyre tyre NOUN Number=Sing 3 punctured obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 punctured punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 puncture past a nail the car tyre vn poke-19 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tyre=Patient
Example 5 Be careful: the pin could puncture the balloon.
cop punct det nsubj aux conj det obj punct root Be AUX careful ADJ : PUNCT the DET pin NOUN could AUX puncture VERB the DET balloon NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 2 careful cop 2 careful careful ADJ Degree=Pos root root 3 : : PUNCT _ 7 puncture punct 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 pin det 5 pin pin NOUN Number=Sing 7 puncture nsubj 6 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 7 puncture aux 7 puncture puncture VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 careful conj 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 balloon det 9 balloon balloon NOUN Number=Sing 7 puncture obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 careful punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is imperative you not said here careful property tree rules 2 puncture could the pin the balloon vn poke-19 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent balloon=Patient
Example 6 A puncture wound from a rusty nail needs a doctor's check.
det compound nsubj case det amod nmod det nmod:poss case obj punct root A DET puncture NOUN wound NOUN from ADP a DET rusty ADJ nail NOUN needs VERB a DET doctor NOUN 's PART check NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 wound det 2 puncture puncture NOUN Number=Sing 3 wound compound 3 wound wound NOUN Number=Sing 8 needs nsubj 4 from from ADP _ 7 nail case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 nail det 6 rusty rusty ADJ Degree=Pos 7 nail amod 7 nail nail NOUN Number=Sing 3 wound nmod 8 needs need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 doctor det 10 doctor doctor NOUN Number=Sing 12 check nmod:poss 11 's 's PART _ 10 doctor case 12 check check NOUN Number=Sing 8 needs obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 8 needs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need present a puncture wound from a rusty nail a doctor's check vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot check=Theme 2 check a doctor nom check «possession intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 7 We carry a puncture repair kit on long rides.
nsubj det compound compound obj case amod obl punct root We PRON carry VERB a DET puncture NOUN repair NOUN kit NOUN on ADP long ADJ rides NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 carry nsubj 2 carry carry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 kit det 4 puncture puncture NOUN Number=Sing 5 repair compound 5 repair repair NOUN Number=Sing 6 kit compound 6 kit kit NOUN Number=Sing 2 carry obj 7 on on ADP _ 9 rides case 8 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 9 rides amod 9 rides ride NOUN Number=Plur 2 carry obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 carry punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carry present We a repair kit long rides vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kit=Theme
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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