rampart

Who acts: rampart, ramparts, He, Mark, that, thou · What happens: be, build, defend, form, design, make · To what, where: high wall, earth, town, walkway, Spirit, void · Speech: someone speaks here

«rampart» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: rampart in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

A rampart is a high wall of earth or stone built to defend a town or castle.

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 rampart	det
2	rampart	rampart	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 wall	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 wall	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 wall	det
5	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 wall	amod
6	wall	wall	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 earth	case
8	earth	earth	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 wall	nmod
9	or	or	CCONJ	_	10 stone	cc
10	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 earth	conj
11	built	build	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 earth	acl
12	to	to	PART	_	13 defend	mark
13	defend	defend	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 built	advcl
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 town	det
15	town	town	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 defend	obj
16	or	or	CCONJ	_	17 castle	cc
17	castle	castle	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 town	conj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 wall	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a rampart	a high wall	of earth or stone	tree rules
2	build	participle		earth or stone not said here		vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
3	defend	to-infinitive		a town or castle		vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent town=Beneficiary

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

The ramparts are the walkway along the top of such a wall.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 ramparts	det
2	ramparts	rampart	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 walkway	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 walkway	cop
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 walkway	det
5	walkway	walkway	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	along	along	ADP	_	8 top	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 top	det
8	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 walkway	nmod
9	of	of	ADP	_	12 wall	case
10	such	such	DET	PronType=Ind	12 wall	det:predet
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 wall	det
12	wall	wall	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 top	nmod
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 walkway	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the ramparts	the walkway				along the top of such wall	tree rules

Example 1

He also formed and designed from his Spirit, and from the void and formless made earth, even as a rampart, or standing wall, and varied its surface even as the crossing of beams. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)

Sentence 1: He also formed and designed from his Spirit, and from the void and formless made earth, even as a rampart, or standing wall, and varied its surface even as the crossing of beams.

The tree, 33 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 formed	nsubj
2	also	also	ADV	_	3 formed	advmod
3	formed	form	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 designed	cc
5	designed	design	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 formed	conj
6	from	from	ADP	_	8 Spirit	case
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 Spirit	nmod:poss
8	Spirit	Spirit	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 designed	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 made	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 made	cc
11	from	from	ADP	_	13 void	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 void	det
13	void	void	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 made	obl
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 formless	cc
15	formless	formless	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 void	conj
16	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 formed	parataxis
17	earth	earth	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 made	obj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 rampart	punct
19	even	even	ADV	_	22 rampart	advmod
20	as	as	ADP	_	22 rampart	case
21	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 rampart	det
22	rampart	rampart	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 made	obl
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 standing	punct
24	or	or	CCONJ	_	25 standing	cc
25	standing	stand	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	16 made	advcl
26	wall	wall	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 standing	obj
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 varied	punct
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 varied	cc
29	varied	vary	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 formed	conj
30	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	31 surface	nmod:poss
31	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 varied	obj
32	even	even	ADV	_	35 crossing	advmod
33	as	as	ADP	_	35 crossing	case
34	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 crossing	det
35	crossing	crossing	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 varied	obl
36	of	of	ADP	_	37 beams	case
37	beams	beam	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 crossing	nmod
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 formed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	form	past	He				vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	design	past	He not said here		his Spirit		vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from spirit=Material
3	make	participle		earth	the void and formless	as a rampart	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset earth=Product from void=Material
4	stand	gerund		wall			vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer wall=Stimulus
5	vary	past	He not said here	wall's surface		as the crossing of beams	vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer surface=Patient
6	cross			beams			nom crossing «act transitive»: of=patient

Sentence 2: (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	flat
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Westcott	punct
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	conj
6	1887	1887	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 Westcott	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

Mark ye well her ramparts, traverse her palaces; that ye may tell it to the generation following. (Writings PSA.48.14, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: Mark ye well her ramparts, traverse her palaces; that ye may tell it to the generation following.

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mark	Mark	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 traverse	nsubj
2	ye	ye	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	7 traverse	nsubj
3	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	7 traverse	advmod
4	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 ramparts	nmod:poss
5	ramparts	rampart	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 traverse	nsubj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 traverse	punct
7	traverse	traverse	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 palaces	nmod:poss
9	palaces	palace	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 traverse	obj
10	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 tell	punct
11	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	14 tell	nsubj
12	ye	ye	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	14 tell	nsubj
13	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 tell	aux
14	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 traverse	conj
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 tell	obj
16	to	to	ADP	_	18 generation	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 generation	det
18	generation	generation	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 tell	obl
19	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	14 tell	obj
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 traverse	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	traverse	infinitive	Mark	Mark's palaces		well property	vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme palace=Co-Theme
2	tell speech: assert	may	that	it	the generation		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Topic to generation=Recipient
3	follow	gerund					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Sentence 2: (Writings PSA.48.14, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	PSA.48.14	PSA.48.14	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Writings	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 PSA.48.14	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 PSA.48.14	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 3

Art thou better than No-amon, that was situate among the rivers, that had the waters round about her; whose rampart was the sea, and of the sea her wall? (Prophets NAM.3.8, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: Art thou better than No-amon, that was situate among the rivers, that had the waters round about her; whose rampart was the sea, and of the sea her wall?

The tree, 30 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Art	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 better	cop
2	thou	thou	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	3 better	nsubj
3	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
4	than	than	ADP	_	7 amon	case
5	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	7 amon	det
6	-	-	PUNCT	_	5 No	punct
7	amon	amon	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 better	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 situate	punct
9	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	11 situate	nsubj
10	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 situate	cop
11	situate	situate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 better	conj
12	among	among	ADP	_	14 rivers	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 rivers	det
14	rivers	river	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 situate	obl
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 had	punct
16	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	17 had	nsubj
17	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 rivers	acl:relcl
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 waters	det
19	waters	water	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 had	obj
20	round	round	ADV	_	17 had	advmod
21	about	about	ADP	_	22 her	case
22	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 had	obl
23	;	;	PUNCT	_	28 sea	punct
24	whose	whose	PRON	Poss=Yes PronType=Rel	25 rampart	nmod:poss
25	rampart	rampart	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 sea	nsubj
26	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	28 sea	cop
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 sea	det
28	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 situate	conj
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 wall	punct
30	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 wall	cc
31	of	of	ADP	_	33 sea	case
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 sea	det
33	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 wall	compound
34	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	35 wall	nmod:poss
35	wall	wall	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 situate	conj
36	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 better	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	thou		than no amon; good property	tree rules
2	is	past	that		among the rivers; situate property	tree rules
3	have	past	the rivers	the waters	about her = she; round property	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient
4	is a	past	the sea's rampart	the sea		tree rules

Sentence 2: (Prophets NAM.3.8, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	NAM.3.8	NAM.3.8	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Prophets	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 NAM.3.8	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 NAM.3.8	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 4

For thus saith the LORD, the God of Israel, concerning the houses of this city, and concerning the houses of the kings of Judah, which are broken down for mounds, and for ramparts; (Prophets JER.33.4, JPS 1917)

The tree, 37 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	For	for	SCONJ	_	3 saith	mark
2	thus	thus	ADV	_	3 saith	advmod
3	saith	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 LORD	det
5	LORD	LORD	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 saith	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 God	punct
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 God	det
8	God	God	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 LORD	appos
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 Israel	case
10	Israel	Israel	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 God	nmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 concerning	punct
12	concerning	concern	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 saith	advcl
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 houses	det
14	houses	house	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 concerning	obj
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 city	case
16	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	17 city	det
17	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 houses	nmod
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 concerning	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 concerning	cc
20	concerning	concern	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 concerning	conj
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 houses	det
22	houses	house	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 concerning	obj
23	of	of	ADP	_	25 kings	case
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 kings	det
25	kings	king	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 houses	nmod
26	of	of	ADP	_	27 Judah	case
27	Judah	Judah	PROPN	Number=Sing	25 kings	nmod
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 broken	punct
29	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	31 broken	nsubj:pass
30	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	31 broken	aux:pass
31	broken	break	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	25 kings	acl
32	down	down	ADP	_	31 broken	compound:prt
33	for	for	ADP	_	34 mounds	case
34	mounds	mound	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 broken	obl
35	,	,	PUNCT	_	38 ramparts	punct
36	and	and	CCONJ	_	38 ramparts	cc
37	for	for	ADP	_	38 ramparts	case
38	ramparts	rampart	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 mounds	conj
39	;	;	PUNCT	_	3 saith	punct
40	(	(	PUNCT	_	41 Prophets	punct
41	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 saith	obl
42	JER.33.4	JER.33.4	PROPN	Number=Sing	41 Prophets	appos
43	,	,	PUNCT	_	44 JPS	punct
44	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	42 JER.33.4	flat
45	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	42 JER.33.4	flat
46	)	)	PUNCT	_	42 JER.33.4	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	the LORD	Prophets obl; thus property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent lord=Topic
2	concern	gerund	the houses of this city		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus house=Experiencer
3	concern	gerund	the houses of the kings of Judah		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus house=Experiencer
4	break down	present · passive	the kings of Judah	for mounds and ramparts	vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Example 5

The soldiers stood on the ramparts.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 soldiers	det
2	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 stood	nsubj
3	stood	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 ramparts	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 ramparts	det
6	ramparts	rampart	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 stood	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 stood	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stand	past	the soldiers			the ramparts			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on rampart=Location

Example 6

The town was guarded by high ramparts.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 town	det
2	town	town	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 guarded	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 guarded	aux:pass
4	guarded	guard	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 ramparts	case
6	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 ramparts	amod
7	ramparts	rampart	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 guarded	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 guarded	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	guard	past · passive	high ramparts	the town					vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Beneficiary

Example 7

We walked along the ramparts and looked at the sea.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 walked	nsubj
2	walked	walk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	along	along	ADP	_	5 ramparts	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 ramparts	det
5	ramparts	rampart	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 walked	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 looked	cc
7	looked	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 walked	conj
8	at	at	ADP	_	10 sea	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 sea	det
10	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 looked	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 walked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	walk	past	We			the ramparts			vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme along rampart=Trajectory
2	look	past	We not said here					at the sea	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at sea=Theme

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/R/rampart/