slander

Who acts: Untrue spoken words, someone, lies, Thou, He, hatred · What happens: speak, harm, name, tell, sit, slander · To what, where: good name, lies, name, son, thou, fool · Speech: someone speaks here

«slander» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: slander in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

Untrue spoken words that harm someone's good name.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Untrue	untrue	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 words	amod
2	spoken	speak	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 words	amod
3	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 harm	nsubj
5	harm	harm	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 words	acl:relcl
6	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	9 name	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 someone	case
8	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 name	amod
9	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 harm	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 words	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	speak speech: other	participle			vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	harm	present	Untrue spoken words	someone's good name	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus name=Experiencer
3	name		someone		nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

To tell lies about someone in order to harm their name.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 tell	mark
2	tell	tell	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	lies	lie	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 tell	obj
4	about	about	ADP	_	5 someone	case
5	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	2 tell	obl
6	in	in	SCONJ	ExtPos=SCONJ	9 harm	mark
7	order	order	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 in	fixed
8	to	to	PART	_	9 harm	mark
9	harm	harm	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 tell	advcl
10	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 name	nmod:poss
11	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 harm	obj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 tell	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	to-infinitive		lies	about someone	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent lie=Recipient about someone=Topic
2	harm	to-infinitive		lies's name		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus name=Experiencer
3	name		lies = lie			nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Example 1

Thou sittest and speakest against thy brother; thou slanderest thine own mother's son. (Writings PSA.50.20, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: Thou sittest and speakest against thy brother; thou slanderest thine own mother's son.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Thou	thou	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	2 sittest	nsubj
2	sittest	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 speakest	cc
4	speakest	speak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 sittest	conj
5	against	against	ADP	_	7 brother	case
6	thy	thy	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch	7 brother	nmod:poss
7	brother	brother	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 speakest	obl
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 slanderest	punct
9	thou	thou	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	10 slanderest	nsubj
10	slanderest	slander	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 sittest	conj
11	thine	thy	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch	13 mother	nmod:poss
12	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 mother	amod
13	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 son	nmod:poss
14	's	's	PART	_	13 mother	case
15	son	son	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 slanderest	obj
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 sittest	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	sit	present	Thou			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	speak speech: other	present	Thou not said here		against thy brother	vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	slander	present	thou	thine own mother's son		vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Theme

Sentence 2: (Writings PSA.50.20, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	PSA.50.20	PSA.50.20	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Writings	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 PSA.50.20	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 PSA.50.20	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

Slander not a servant unto his master, lest he curse thee, and thou be found guilty. (Writings PRO.30.10, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: Slander not a servant unto his master, lest he curse thee, and thou be found guilty.

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Slander	slander	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 servant	nsubj
2	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 servant	advmod
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 servant	det
4	servant	servant	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	unto	unto	ADP	_	7 master	case
6	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 master	nmod:poss
7	master	master	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 servant	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 curse	punct
9	lest	lest	SCONJ	_	11 curse	case
10	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 curse	nsubj
11	curse	curse	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 servant	conj
12	thee	thou	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	11 curse	nmod:unmarked
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 found	punct
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 found	cc
15	thou	thou	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	17 found	nsubj
16	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	17 found	aux:pass
17	found	find	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 servant	acl
18	guilty	guilty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 found	xcomp
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 servant	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	find	infinitive · passive		thou				guilty property	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic

Sentence 2: (Writings PRO.30.10, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	PRO.30.10	PRO.30.10	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Writings	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 PRO.30.10	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 PRO.30.10	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 3

He that hideth hatred is of lying lips; and he that uttereth a slander is a fool. (Writings PRO.10.18, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: He that hideth hatred is of lying lips; and he that uttereth a slander is a fool.

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 hideth	nsubj
2	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 hideth	nsubj
3	hideth	hide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	hatred	hatred	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 lips	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 lips	cop
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 lips	case
7	lying	lie	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 lips	amod
8	lips	lip	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 hideth	ccomp
9	;	;	PUNCT	_	13 uttereth	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 uttereth	cc
11	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 uttereth	nsubj
12	that	that	SCONJ	_	13 uttereth	mark
13	uttereth	utter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 hideth	conj
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 slander	det
15	slander	slander	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 fool	nsubj
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 fool	cop
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 fool	det
18	fool	fool	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 uttereth	ccomp
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 hideth	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	hide	present	He			vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	lie	gerund				vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	is	present	hatred		of lying lips	tree rules
4	utter speech: other	present	he			vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent
5	is a	present	a slander	a fool		tree rules

Sentence 2: (Writings PRO.10.18, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	PRO.10.18	PRO.10.18	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Writings	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 PRO.10.18	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 PRO.10.18	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 4

The spiteful girl spread slander about her friend.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 girl	det
2	spiteful	spiteful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 girl	amod
3	girl	girl	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 spread	nsubj
4	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	slander	slander	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 spread	obj
6	about	about	ADP	_	8 friend	case
7	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 friend	nmod:poss
8	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 slander	nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 spread	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spread	past	the spiteful girl	slander				about girl's friend	vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent slander=Theme about friend=Destination

Example 5

Don't slander people by telling lies.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Do	do	AUX	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	3 slander	aux
2	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	3 slander	advmod
3	slander	slander	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 slander	obj
5	by	by	SCONJ	_	6 telling	mark
6	telling	tell	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 slander	advcl
7	lies	lie	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 telling	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 slander	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not slander	imperative · do-support	you not said here	people					vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme
2	tell speech: assert	gerund	you not said here	lies					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent lie=Recipient

Example 6

The old woman began to slander the young queen.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 woman	det
2	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 woman	amod
3	woman	woman	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 began	nsubj
4	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 slander	mark
6	slander	slander	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 began	xcomp
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 queen	det
8	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 queen	amod
9	queen	queen	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 slander	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 began	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	begin	past	the old woman						vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	slander	to-infinitive	the old woman not said here	the young queen					vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent queen=Theme

Example 7

Slander can hurt a person deeply.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Slander	slander	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hurt	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 hurt	aux
3	hurt	hurt	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 person	det
5	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hurt	obj
6	deeply	deeply	ADV	_	3 hurt	advmod
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 hurt	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hurt	can	Slander	a person				deeply property	vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer person=Patient

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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