sturdy

Who acts: you, ye, nation, rivers, people, We · What happens: break, knock over, go, swift, be, tread down · To what, where: nation, messengers, land, sturdy shoes, sturdy box, books

«sturdy» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: sturdy in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

Strong and solid, not easy to break or knock over.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 solid	cc
3	solid	solid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Strong	conj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 easy	punct
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 easy	advmod
6	easy	easy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Strong	conj
7	to	to	PART	_	8 break	mark
8	break	break	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 easy	xcomp
9	or	or	CCONJ	_	10 knock	cc
10	knock	knock	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 break	conj
11	over	over	ADP	_	10 knock	compound:prt
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Strong	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	break	to-infinitive							vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
2	knock over	infinitive							vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

"a sturdy table".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 table	punct
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 table	det
3	sturdy	sturdy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 table	amod
4	table	table	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 table	punct
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 table	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 2

Of a person or animal: strong and healthy, with a solid body.

The tree, 12 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Of	of	ADP	_	3 person	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 person	det
3	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 strong	nsubj
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 animal	cc
5	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 person	conj
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	7 strong	punct
7	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 healthy	cc
9	healthy	healthy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 strong	conj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 body	punct
11	with	with	ADP	_	14 body	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 body	det
13	solid	solid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 body	amod
14	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 strong	conj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 strong	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 1

Go, ye swift messengers, to a nation tall and of glossy skin, to a people terrible from their beginning onward; a nation that is sturdy and treadeth down, whose land the rivers divide! (Prophets ISA.18.2, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: Go, ye swift messengers, to a nation tall and of glossy skin, to a people terrible from their beginning onward; a nation that is sturdy and treadeth down, whose land the rivers divide!

The tree, 33 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Go	go	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 swift	punct
3	ye	ye	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	4 swift	nsubj
4	swift	swift	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Go	advcl
5	messengers	messenger	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 swift	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 nation	punct
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 nation	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 nation	det
9	nation	nation	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Go	obl
10	tall	tall	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 nation	amod
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 skin	cc
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 skin	case
13	glossy	glossy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 skin	amod
14	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 tall	conj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 people	punct
16	to	to	ADP	_	18 people	case
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 people	det
18	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Go	parataxis
19	terrible	terrible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 people	amod
20	from	from	ADP	_	22 beginning	case
21	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	22 beginning	nmod:poss
22	beginning	beginning	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 terrible	obl
23	onward	onward	ADV	_	1 Go	advmod
24	;	;	PUNCT	_	26 nation	punct
25	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	26 nation	det
26	nation	nation	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Go	obl
27	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	29 sturdy	nsubj
28	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	29 sturdy	cop
29	sturdy	sturdy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 nation	acl:relcl
30	and	and	CCONJ	_	31 treadeth	cc
31	treadeth	tread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	29 sturdy	conj
32	down	down	ADP	_	31 treadeth	compound:prt
33	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 land	punct
34	whose	whose	PRON	Poss=Yes PronType=Rel	35 land	nmod:poss
35	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 sturdy	conj
36	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	37 rivers	det
37	rivers	river	NOUN	Number=Plur	38 divide	nsubj
38	divide	divide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	35 land	acl:relcl
39	!	!	PUNCT	_	1 Go	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	go	imperative	you not said here	a nation	a nation	onward property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to nation=Initial_Location
2	swift	present	ye	messengers			tree rules
3	is	present	a nation			sturdy property	tree rules
4	tread down	present	a nation not said here				vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	divide	present	the rivers	land not said here			vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent land=Theme
6	begin		people				nom beginning «event transitive»: poss=agent

Sentence 2: (Prophets ISA.18.2, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	ISA.18.2	ISA.18.2	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Prophets	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 ISA.18.2	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 ISA.18.2	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

Wear sturdy shoes for the walk.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wear	wear	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	sturdy	sturdy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 shoes	amod
3	shoes	shoe	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Wear	obj
4	for	for	ADP	_	6 walk	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 walk	det
6	walk	walk	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Wear	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Wear	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wear	imperative	you not said here	sturdy shoes				for the walk	vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent shoe=Theme

Example 3

We need a sturdy box to carry the books.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 need	nsubj
2	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 box	det
4	sturdy	sturdy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 box	amod
5	box	box	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 need	obj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 carry	mark
7	carry	carry	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 box	acl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 books	det
9	books	book	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 carry	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 need	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present	We	a sturdy box					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot box=Theme
2	carry	to-infinitive	We not said here	the books					vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Theme

Example 4

This chair is sturdy enough to stand on.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	This	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	2 chair	det
2	chair	chair	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sturdy	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 sturdy	cop
4	sturdy	sturdy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	enough	enough	ADV	_	4 sturdy	advmod
6	to	to	PART	_	7 stand	mark
7	stand	stand	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 sturdy	advcl
8	on	on	ADP	_	7 stand	compound:prt
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 sturdy	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	this chair					enough, sturdy property	tree rules
2	stand on	to-infinitive	this chair not said here						vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 5

The little pony is short but sturdy.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 pony	det
2	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 pony	amod
3	pony	pony	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 short	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 short	cop
5	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	but	but	CCONJ	_	7 sturdy	cc
7	sturdy	sturdy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 short	conj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 short	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the little pony					short property	tree rules
2	be		the little pony not said here						tree rules

Example 6

Make your bridge sturdy so it can hold the weights.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Make	make	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 bridge	nmod:poss
3	bridge	bridge	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Make	obj
4	sturdy	sturdy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Make	xcomp
5	so	so	SCONJ	_	8 hold	mark
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 hold	nsubj
7	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 hold	aux
8	hold	hold	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Make	advcl
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 weights	det
10	weights	weight	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 hold	obj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Make	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	imperative	you not said here	your bridge				sturdy property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bridge=Product
2	hold	can	bridge	the weights					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent weight=Theme

Example 7

A sturdy branch is safer to climb.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 branch	det
2	sturdy	sturdy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 branch	amod
3	branch	branch	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 safer	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 safer	cop
5	safer	safe	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 climb	mark
7	climb	climb	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 safer	advcl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 safer	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	a sturdy branch					safe property	tree rules
2	climb	to-infinitive	a sturdy branch not said here						vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 8

Conall Yellowclaw was a sturdy tenant in Erin: he had three sons.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Conall	Conall	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 tenant	nsubj
2	Yellowclaw	Yellowclaw	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Conall	flat
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 tenant	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 tenant	det
5	sturdy	sturdy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 tenant	amod
6	tenant	tenant	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 Erin	case
8	Erin	Erin	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 tenant	nmod
9	:	:	PUNCT	_	11 had	punct
10	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 had	nsubj
11	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 tenant	conj
12	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	13 sons	nummod
13	sons	son	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 had	obj
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 tenant	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	Conall	a sturdy tenant		Erin			tree rules
2	have	past	Conall	three sons					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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