substitute Who acts: substitute, player, substitute teacher, teacher, usual teacher, UK · What happens: be, use, come on, replace, substitute, take · To what, where: person, player, sport, place, teacher, class
«substitute» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: substitute in the Judaism dictionary .
Meaning 1 A substitute is a person or thing used instead of another.
det nsubj cop det cc conj acl case fixed obl punct root A DET substitute NOUN is AUX a DET person NOUN or CCONJ thing NOUN used VERB instead ADV of ADP another DET . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 substitute det 2 substitute substitute NOUN Number=Sing 5 person nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 person cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 person det 5 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 thing cc 7 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing 5 person conj 8 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 person acl 9 instead instead ADV ExtPos=ADP 11 another case 10 of of ADP _ 9 instead fixed 11 another another DET PronType=Ind 8 used obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a substitute a person or thing tree rules 2 use participle a person or thing not said here instead another vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 In sport a substitute (a «sub») is a player who comes on to replace another player.
The tree, 16 words case obl det nsubj punct det punct appos punct punct cop det nsubj acl:relcl advmod mark advcl det obj punct root In ADP sport NOUN a DET substitute NOUN ( PUNCT a DET « PUNCT sub NOUN » PUNCT ) PUNCT is AUX a DET player NOUN who PRON comes VERB on ADV to PART replace VERB another DET player NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 sport case 2 sport sport NOUN Number=Sing 13 player obl 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 substitute det 4 substitute substitute NOUN Number=Sing 13 player nsubj 5 ( ( PUNCT _ 8 sub punct 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 sub det 7 « « PUNCT _ 8 sub punct 8 sub sub NOUN Number=Sing 4 substitute appos 9 » » PUNCT _ 8 sub punct 10 ) ) PUNCT _ 8 sub punct 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 player cop 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 player det 13 player player NOUN Number=Sing root root 14 who who PRON PronType=Rel 15 comes nsubj 15 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 player acl:relcl 16 on on ADV _ 15 comes advmod 17 to to PART _ 18 replace mark 18 replace replace VERB VerbForm=Inf 15 comes advcl 19 another another DET PronType=Ind 20 player det 20 player player NOUN Number=Sing 18 replace obj 21 . . PUNCT _ 13 player punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a substitute a player sport tree rules 2 come on present a player vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 replace to-infinitive a player not said here another player vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme player=Co-Theme
Meaning 3 To substitute is to put one thing in the place of another.
mark conj cop mark nummod obj case det obl case nmod punct root To PART substitute VERB is AUX to PART put VERB one NUM thing NOUN in ADP the DET place NOUN of ADP another DET . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 substitute mark 2 substitute substitute VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 5 put conj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 put cop 4 to to PART _ 5 put mark 5 put put VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 6 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 thing nummod 7 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing 5 put obj 8 in in ADP _ 10 place case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 place det 10 place place NOUN Number=Sing 5 put obl 11 of of ADP _ 12 another case 12 another another DET PronType=Ind 10 place nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 substitute to-infinitive vn substitute-13.6.2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme 2 is present the place of another put property tree rules
Meaning 4 A substitute teacher is a teacher who takes a class when the usual teacher is away (USA: substitute teacher; UK: supply teacher; Australia: relief teacher).
The tree, 25 words det compound nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl det obj mark det amod nsubj cop advcl punct obl punct conj obj punct nsubj punct compound appos punct appos punct compound conj punct punct root A DET substitute NOUN teacher NOUN is AUX a DET teacher NOUN who PRON takes VERB a DET class NOUN when SCONJ the DET usual ADJ teacher NOUN is AUX away ADV ( PUNCT USA PROPN : PUNCT substitute VERB teacher NOUN ; PUNCT UK PROPN : PUNCT supply NOUN teacher NOUN ; PUNCT Australia PROPN : PUNCT relief NOUN teacher NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 teacher det 2 substitute substitute NOUN Number=Sing 3 teacher compound 3 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 6 teacher nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 teacher cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 teacher det 6 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 who who PRON PronType=Rel 8 takes nsubj 8 takes take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 teacher acl:relcl 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 class det 10 class class NOUN Number=Sing 8 takes obj 11 when when SCONJ _ 16 away mark 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 teacher det 13 usual usual ADJ Degree=Pos 14 teacher amod 14 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 16 away nsubj 15 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 away cop 16 away away ADV _ 8 takes advcl 17 ( ( PUNCT _ 18 USA punct 18 USA USA PROPN Number=Sing 8 takes obl 19 : : PUNCT _ 20 substitute punct 20 substitute substitute VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 takes conj 21 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 20 substitute obj 22 ; ; PUNCT _ 26 teacher punct 23 UK UK PROPN Number=Sing 26 teacher nsubj 24 : : PUNCT _ 26 teacher punct 25 supply supply NOUN Number=Sing 26 teacher compound 26 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 6 teacher appos 27 ; ; PUNCT _ 28 Australia punct 28 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 26 teacher appos 29 : : PUNCT _ 31 teacher punct 30 relief relief NOUN Number=Sing 31 teacher compound 31 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 26 teacher conj 32 ) ) PUNCT _ 26 teacher punct 33 . . PUNCT _ 6 teacher punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a substitute teacher a teacher tree rules 2 take present a teacher a class USA obl vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent class=Theme 3 is present the usual teacher away property tree rules 4 substitute infinitive a teacher not said here teacher vn substitute-13.6.2 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Theme teacher=Location 5 teacher UK tree rules
Example 1 We had a substitute teacher today.
nsubj det compound obj obl:unmarked punct root We PRON had VERB a DET substitute NOUN teacher NOUN today NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 had nsubj 2 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 teacher det 4 substitute substitute NOUN Number=Sing 5 teacher compound 5 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obj 6 today today NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obl:unmarked 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past We a substitute teacher today vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent teacher=Patient
Example 2 He came on as a substitute in the second half.
nsubj advmod case det obl case det amod nmod punct root He PRON came VERB on ADV as ADP a DET substitute NOUN in ADP the DET second ADJ half NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 came nsubj 2 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 on on ADV _ 2 came advmod 4 as as ADP _ 6 substitute case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 substitute det 6 substitute substitute NOUN Number=Sing 2 came obl 7 in in ADP _ 10 half case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 half det 9 second second ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 10 half amod 10 half half NOUN Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac 6 substitute nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come on past He as a substitute in the second half vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 3 You can substitute honey for sugar in this recipe.
nsubj aux obj case obl case det obl punct root You PRON can AUX substitute VERB honey NOUN for ADP sugar NOUN in ADP this DET recipe NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 substitute nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 substitute aux 3 substitute substitute VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 honey honey NOUN Number=Sing 3 substitute obj 5 for for ADP _ 6 sugar case 6 sugar sugar NOUN Number=Sing 3 substitute obl 7 in in ADP _ 9 recipe case 8 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 9 recipe det 9 recipe recipe NOUN Number=Sing 3 substitute obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 substitute punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 substitute can You honey this recipe for sugar vn substitute-13.6.2 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Theme honey=Location
Example 4 Substitute 4 for x: 2 × 4 = 8.
flat case conj punct flat case nmod case nmod punct root Substitute NOUN 4 NUM for ADP x NOUN : PUNCT 2 NUM × SYM 4 NUM = SYM 8 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Substitute substitute NOUN Number=Sing root root 2 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 1 Substitute flat 3 for for ADP _ 4 x case 4 x x NOUN Number=Sing 1 Substitute conj 5 : : PUNCT _ 6 2 punct 6 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 x flat 7 × × SYM _ 8 4 case 8 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 2 nmod 9 = = SYM _ 10 8 case 10 8 8 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 2 nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 1 Substitute punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 5 There is no substitute for practice.
expl det nsubj case nmod punct root There PRON is VERB no DET substitute NOUN for ADP practice NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 is expl 2 is be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 no no DET PronType=Neg 4 substitute det 4 substitute substitute NOUN Number=Sing 2 is nsubj 5 for for ADP _ 6 practice case 6 practice practice NOUN Number=Sing 4 substitute nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 is punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be present no substitute for practice there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 The sub scored the winning goal.
det nsubj det amod obj punct root The DET sub NOUN scored VERB the DET winning VERB goal NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 sub det 2 sub sub NOUN Number=Sing 3 scored nsubj 3 scored score VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 goal det 5 winning win VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 goal amod 6 goal goal NOUN Number=Sing 3 scored obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 scored punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 score past the sub the winning goal vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goal=Theme 2 win gerund vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 7 She substituted a pencil for the broken pen.
nsubj det obj case det amod obl punct root She PRON substituted VERB a DET pencil NOUN for ADP the DET broken VERB pen NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 substituted nsubj 2 substituted substitute VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 pencil det 4 pencil pencil NOUN Number=Sing 2 substituted obj 5 for for ADP _ 8 pen case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 pen det 7 broken break VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 pen amod 8 pen pen NOUN Number=Sing 2 substituted obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 substituted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 substitute past She a pencil for the broken pen vn substitute-13.6.2 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Theme pencil=Location 2 break participle vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
Example 8 He therefore insisted on Heracles substituting two more labours in their place.
nsubj advmod case obl advcl nummod amod obj case nmod:poss obl punct root He PRON therefore ADV insisted VERB on ADP Heracles PROPN substituting VERB two NUM more ADJ labours NOUN in ADP their PRON place NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 insisted nsubj 2 therefore therefore ADV _ 3 insisted advmod 3 insisted insist VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 on on ADP _ 5 Heracles case 5 Heracles Heracles PROPN Number=Sing 3 insisted obl 6 substituting substitute VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 insisted advcl 7 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 9 labours nummod 8 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 9 labours amod 9 labours labour NOUN Number=Plur 6 substituting obj 10 in in ADP _ 12 place case 11 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 12 place nmod:poss 12 place place NOUN Number=Sing 6 substituting obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 insisted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 insist speech: other past He Heracles therefore property vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent 2 substitute gerund He not said here two more labours labours's place vn substitute-13.6.2 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Theme labour=Location
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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