urchin Who acts: urchin, sharp spines, cheeky child, urchins, I, you · What happens: be, cover, live, despise, arise, speak · To what, where: small round sea animal, hard shell, sea floor, old stories, streets, me · Speech: someone speaks here
«urchin» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: urchin in the Judaism dictionary .
Meaning 1 An urchin (sea urchin) is a small, round sea animal with a hard shell covered in sharp spines, which lives on the sea floor and rock pools.
The tree, 27 words det nsubj punct compound appos punct cop det amod punct amod compound case det amod nmod acl case amod obl punct nsubj acl:relcl case det compound obl cc compound conj punct root An DET urchin NOUN ( PUNCT sea NOUN urchin NOUN ) PUNCT is AUX a DET small ADJ , PUNCT round ADJ sea NOUN animal NOUN with ADP a DET hard ADJ shell NOUN covered VERB in ADP sharp ADJ spines NOUN , PUNCT which PRON lives VERB on ADP the DET sea NOUN floor NOUN and CCONJ rock NOUN pools NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 urchin det 2 urchin urchin NOUN Number=Sing 13 animal nsubj 3 ( ( PUNCT _ 5 urchin punct 4 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 5 urchin compound 5 urchin urchin NOUN Number=Sing 2 urchin appos 6 ) ) PUNCT _ 5 urchin punct 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 animal cop 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 animal det 9 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 13 animal amod 10 , , PUNCT _ 9 small punct 11 round round ADJ Degree=Pos 13 animal amod 12 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 13 animal compound 13 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing root root 14 with with ADP _ 17 shell case 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 shell det 16 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 17 shell amod 17 shell shell NOUN Number=Sing 13 animal nmod 18 covered cover VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 17 shell acl 19 in in ADP _ 21 spines case 20 sharp sharp ADJ Degree=Pos 21 spines amod 21 spines spine NOUN Number=Plur 18 covered obl 22 , , PUNCT _ 24 lives punct 23 which which PRON PronType=Rel 24 lives nsubj 24 lives live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 21 spines acl:relcl 25 on on ADP _ 28 floor case 26 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 28 floor det 27 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 28 floor compound 28 floor floor NOUN Number=Sing 24 lives obl 29 and and CCONJ _ 31 pools cc 30 rock rock NOUN Number=Sing 31 pools compound 31 pools pool NOUN Number=Plur 28 floor conj 32 . . PUNCT _ 13 animal punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a urchin a small round sea animal with a hard shell tree rules 2 cover participle a hard shell not said here in sharp spines vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent in spine=Theme 3 live present sharp spines the sea floor and rock pools vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on floor=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 In old stories, an urchin is a poor, dirty, often cheeky child who lives on the streets.
The tree, 17 words case amod obl punct det nsubj cop det punct conj punct advmod amod conj nsubj acl:relcl case det obl punct root In ADP old ADJ stories NOUN , PUNCT an DET urchin NOUN is AUX a DET poor ADJ , PUNCT dirty ADJ , PUNCT often ADV cheeky ADJ child NOUN who PRON lives VERB on ADP the DET streets NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 stories case 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 3 stories amod 3 stories story NOUN Number=Plur 9 poor obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 stories punct 5 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 urchin det 6 urchin urchin NOUN Number=Sing 9 poor nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 poor cop 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 poor det 9 poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos root root 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 dirty punct 11 dirty dirty ADJ Degree=Pos 9 poor conj 12 , , PUNCT _ 15 child punct 13 often often ADV _ 15 child advmod 14 cheeky cheeky ADJ Degree=Pos 15 child amod 15 child child NOUN Number=Sing 9 poor conj 16 who who PRON PronType=Rel 17 lives nsubj 17 lives live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 child acl:relcl 18 on on ADP _ 20 streets case 19 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 20 streets det 20 streets street NOUN Number=Plur 17 lives obl 21 . . PUNCT _ 9 poor punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present a urchin old stories poor property tree rules 2 be a urchin not said here tree rules 3 live present cheeky child the streets vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on street=Location
Example 1 Even urchins despised me; if I arise, they speak against me. (Writings JOB.19.18, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: Even urchins despised me; if I arise, they speak against me.
advmod nsubj obj punct mark nsubj advcl punct nsubj conj case obl punct root Even ADV urchins NOUN despised VERB me PRON ; PUNCT if SCONJ I PRON arise VERB , PUNCT they PRON speak VERB against ADP me PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Even even ADV _ 3 despised advmod 2 urchins urchin NOUN Number=Plur 3 despised nsubj 3 despised despise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 despised obj 5 ; ; PUNCT _ 11 speak punct 6 if if SCONJ _ 8 arise mark 7 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 8 arise nsubj 8 arise arise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 speak advcl 9 , , PUNCT _ 8 arise punct 10 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 speak nsubj 11 speak speak VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 despised conj 12 against against ADP _ 13 me case 13 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 11 speak obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 despised punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 despise past urchins me vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer i=Stimulus 2 arise a condition, not said to happen present I vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 speak speech: other present urchins = urchin against me vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Sentence 2: (Writings JOB.19.18, JPS 1917)
punct appos punct flat flat punct root ( PUNCT Writings NOUN JOB.19.18 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Writings punct 2 Writings writing NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 JOB.19.18 JOB.19.18 PROPN Number=Sing 2 Writings appos 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 JPS punct 5 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 3 JOB.19.18 flat 6 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 JOB.19.18 flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Writings punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 2 I saw a purple sea urchin in the rock pool.
nsubj det amod compound obj case det compound nmod punct root I PRON saw VERB a DET purple ADJ sea NOUN urchin NOUN in ADP the DET rock NOUN pool NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 saw nsubj 2 saw see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 urchin det 4 purple purple ADJ Degree=Pos 6 urchin amod 5 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 6 urchin compound 6 urchin urchin NOUN Number=Sing 2 saw obj 7 in in ADP _ 10 pool case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 pool det 9 rock rock NOUN Number=Sing 10 pool compound 10 pool pool NOUN Number=Sing 6 urchin nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 saw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see past I a purple sea urchin the rock pool vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer urchin=Stimulus
Example 3 Wear water shoes so you don't step on a sea urchin.
compound obj mark nsubj aux advmod advcl case det compound obl punct root Wear VERB water NOUN shoes NOUN so SCONJ you PRON do AUX n't PART step VERB on ADP a DET sea NOUN urchin NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wear wear VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 water water NOUN Number=Sing 3 shoes compound 3 shoes shoe NOUN Number=Plur 1 Wear obj 4 so so SCONJ _ 8 step mark 5 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 step nsubj 6 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 step aux 7 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 8 step advmod 8 step step VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Wear advcl 9 on on ADP _ 12 urchin case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 urchin det 11 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 12 urchin compound 12 urchin urchin NOUN Number=Sing 8 step obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 1 Wear punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear imperative you not said here water shoes vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent shoe=Theme 2 not step present · do-support you a sea urchin vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on urchin=Trajectory
Example 4 Sea otters crack open urchins to eat them.
compound nsubj amod obj mark advcl obj punct root Sea NOUN otters NOUN crack VERB open ADJ urchins NOUN to PART eat VERB them PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 2 otters compound 2 otters otter NOUN Number=Plur 3 crack nsubj 3 crack crack VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 open open ADJ Degree=Pos 5 urchins amod 5 urchins urchin NOUN Number=Plur 3 crack obj 6 to to PART _ 7 eat mark 7 eat eat VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 crack advcl 8 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 eat obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 crack punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crack present Sea otters open urchins vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location urchin=Theme 2 eat to-infinitive Sea otters not said here urchins = urchin vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient
Example 5 The urchin's spines are very sharp.
det nmod:poss case nsubj cop advmod punct root The DET urchin NOUN 's PART spines NOUN are AUX very ADV sharp ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 urchin det 2 urchin urchin NOUN Number=Sing 4 spines nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 urchin case 4 spines spine NOUN Number=Plur 7 sharp nsubj 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 sharp cop 6 very very ADV _ 7 sharp advmod 7 sharp sharp ADJ Degree=Pos root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 sharp punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the urchin's spines sharp property tree rules
Example 6 In the old story, a street urchin stole a loaf of bread.
case det amod obl punct det compound nsubj det obj case nmod punct root In ADP the DET old ADJ story NOUN , PUNCT a DET street NOUN urchin NOUN stole VERB a DET loaf NOUN of ADP bread NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 4 story case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 story det 3 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 4 story amod 4 story story NOUN Number=Sing 9 stole obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 story punct 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 urchin det 7 street street NOUN Number=Sing 8 urchin compound 8 urchin urchin NOUN Number=Sing 9 stole nsubj 9 stole steal VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 loaf det 11 loaf loaf NOUN Number=Sing 9 stole obj 12 of of ADP _ 13 bread case 13 bread bread NOUN Number=Sing 11 loaf nmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 9 stole punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 steal past a street urchin a loaf of bread the old story vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location loaf=Theme
Example 7 Sea urchins move slowly on tiny tube feet.
compound nsubj advmod case amod compound obl punct root Sea NOUN urchins NOUN move VERB slowly ADV on ADP tiny ADJ tube NOUN feet NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 2 urchins compound 2 urchins urchin NOUN Number=Plur 3 move nsubj 3 move move VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 slowly slowly ADV _ 3 move advmod 5 on on ADP _ 8 feet case 6 tiny tiny ADJ Degree=Pos 8 feet amod 7 tube tube NOUN Number=Sing 8 feet compound 8 feet foot NOUN Number=Plur 3 move obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 move punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 move present Sea urchins tiny tube feet slowly property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme on foot=Trajectory
Example 8 Too many urchins can eat a whole kelp forest.
advmod amod nsubj aux det amod compound obj punct root Too ADV many ADJ urchins NOUN can AUX eat VERB a DET whole ADJ kelp NOUN forest NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Too too ADV _ 2 many advmod 2 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 urchins amod 3 urchins urchin NOUN Number=Plur 5 eat nsubj 4 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 eat aux 5 eat eat VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 forest det 7 whole whole ADJ Degree=Pos 9 forest amod 8 kelp kelp NOUN Number=Sing 9 forest compound 9 forest forest NOUN Number=Sing 5 eat obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 eat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat can many urchins a whole kelp forest vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent forest=Patient
Example 9 The cheeky urchin ran off laughing.
det amod nsubj compound:prt advcl punct root The DET cheeky ADJ urchin NOUN ran VERB off ADP laughing VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 urchin det 2 cheeky cheeky ADJ Degree=Pos 3 urchin amod 3 urchin urchin NOUN Number=Sing 4 ran nsubj 4 ran run VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 off off ADP _ 4 ran compound:prt 6 laughing laugh VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 ran advcl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 ran punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 run off past the cheeky urchin vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 laugh gerund the cheeky urchin not said here vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 10 One day two street-urchins were playing and wading in the gutter, picking up old nails, pennies, and such things.
The tree, 20 words nummod obl:unmarked nummod compound punct nsubj aux cc conj case det obl punct parataxis compound:prt amod obj punct conj punct cc amod obl punct root One NUM day NOUN two NUM street NOUN - PUNCT urchins NOUN were AUX playing VERB and CCONJ wading VERB in ADP the DET gutter NOUN , PUNCT picking VERB up ADP old ADJ nails NOUN , PUNCT pennies NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ such ADJ things NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 One one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 2 day nummod 2 day day NOUN Number=Sing 8 playing obl:unmarked 3 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 urchins nummod 4 street street NOUN Number=Sing 6 urchins compound 5 - - PUNCT _ 4 street punct 6 urchins urchin NOUN Number=Plur 8 playing nsubj 7 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 playing aux 8 playing play VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 wading cc 10 wading wade VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 playing conj 11 in in ADP _ 13 gutter case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 gutter det 13 gutter gutter NOUN Number=Sing 10 wading obl 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 picking punct 15 picking pick VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 playing parataxis 16 up up ADP _ 15 picking compound:prt 17 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 18 nails amod 18 nails nail NOUN Number=Plur 15 picking obj 19 , , PUNCT _ 20 pennies punct 20 pennies penny NOUN Number=Plur 18 nails conj 21 , , PUNCT _ 24 things punct 22 and and CCONJ _ 24 things cc 23 such such ADJ Degree=Pos 24 things amod 24 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 8 playing obl 25 . . PUNCT _ 8 playing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 play past · progressive two street urchins such things day vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 wade gerund two street urchins not said here the gutter vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in gutter=Trajectory 3 pick up gerund old nails and pennies vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nail=Topic
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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