valour

Who acts: I, LORD, you, ye, woman, price · What happens: show, command, say, have, give, possess · To what, where: bravery, brave deeds, you, land, children, brethren · Speech: someone speaks here

«valour» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: valour in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

Great courage, especially in battle or danger.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 courage	amod
2	courage	courage	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 battle	punct
4	especially	especially	ADV	_	6 battle	advmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 battle	case
6	battle	battle	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 courage	appos
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	8 danger	cc
8	danger	danger	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 battle	conj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 courage	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 2

Usage: old — kept apart, not parsed.

Worth or bravery shown in brave deeds.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Worth	worth	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
2	or	or	CCONJ	_	3 bravery	cc
3	bravery	bravery	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Worth	conj
4	shown	show	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 bravery	acl
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 deeds	case
6	brave	brave	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 deeds	amod
7	deeds	deed	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 shown	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Worth	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	participle		bravery not said here		brave deeds			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 1

And I commanded you at that time, saying: 'The LORD your God hath given you this land to possess it; ye shall pass over armed before your brethren the children of Israel, all the men of valour. (Torah DEU.3.18, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: And I commanded you at that time, saying: 'The LORD your God hath given you this land to possess it; ye shall pass over armed before your brethren the children of Israel, all the men of valour.

The tree, 37 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	3 commanded	cc
2	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 commanded	nsubj
3	commanded	command	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	3 commanded	obj
5	at	at	ADP	_	7 time	case
6	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	7 time	det
7	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 commanded	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 saying	punct
9	saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 commanded	advcl
10	:	:	PUNCT	_	16 hath	punct
11	'	'	PUNCT	_	16 hath	punct
12	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 LORD	det
13	LORD	LORD	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 hath	nsubj
14	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 God	nmod:poss
15	God	God	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 LORD	appos
16	hath	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 saying	ccomp
17	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	16 hath	xcomp
18	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	16 hath	obj
19	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	20 land	det
20	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 hath	obj
21	to	to	PART	_	22 possess	mark
22	possess	possess	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	16 hath	advcl
23	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 possess	obj
24	;	;	PUNCT	_	27 pass	punct
25	ye	ye	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	27 pass	nsubj
26	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	27 pass	aux
27	pass	pass	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 commanded	conj
28	over	over	ADV	_	29 armed	advmod
29	armed	armed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 pass	xcomp
30	before	before	ADP	_	32 brethren	case
31	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	32 brethren	nmod:poss
32	brethren	brethren	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 pass	obl
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 children	det
34	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 pass	obj
35	of	of	ADP	_	36 Israel	case
36	Israel	Israel	PROPN	Number=Sing	34 children	nmod
37	,	,	PUNCT	_	40 men	punct
38	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	40 men	det:predet
39	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	40 men	det
40	men	man	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 pass	obl
41	of	of	ADP	_	42 valour	case
42	valour	valour	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 men	nmod
43	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 commanded	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	command	past	I	you		time		vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent you=Theme
2	say speech: assert	gerund	I not said here					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	have	present	the LORD	you				tree rules
4	give	participle	you not said here					vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient
5	possess	to-infinitive	the LORD not said here	land				vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot it=Theme
6	pass over	shall	ye	the children of Israel	your brethren		all men of valour obl; armed property	vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent child=Theme before brethren=Destination

Sentence 2: (Torah DEU.3.18, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	3 DEU.3.18	punct
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 DEU.3.18	compound
3	DEU.3.18	DEU.3.18	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 DEU.3.18	conj
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 JPS	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	3 DEU.3.18	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

And there fell of Benjamin eighteen thousand men; all these were men of valour. (Prophets JDG.20.44, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: And there fell of Benjamin eighteen thousand men; all these were men of valour.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	3 fell	cc
2	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	3 fell	expl
3	fell	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 Benjamin	case
5	Benjamin	Benjamin	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 fell	obl
6	eighteen	eighteen	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 thousand	compound
7	thousand	thousand	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 men	nummod
8	men	man	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 fell	obl:unmarked
9	;	;	PUNCT	_	13 men	punct
10	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	13 men	det:predet
11	these	this	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	13 men	det
12	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 men	cop
13	men	man	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 fell	obl
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 valour	case
15	valour	valour	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 men	nmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 fell	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	past		thousand men		there		of Benjamin	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme of benjamin=Initial_Location
2	is a	past		all men				of valour	tree rules

Sentence 2: (Prophets JDG.20.44, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	JDG.20.44	JDG.20.44	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Prophets	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 JDG.20.44	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 JDG.20.44	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 3

A woman of valour who can find? for her price is far above rubies. (Writings PRO.31.10, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: A woman of valour who can find? for her price is far above rubies.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 woman	det
2	woman	woman	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 find	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 valour	case
4	valour	valour	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 woman	nmod
5	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 find	nsubj
6	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 find	aux
7	find	find	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 find	punct
9	for	for	ADP	_	15 rubies	case
10	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 price	nmod:poss
11	price	price	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 rubies	nsubj
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 rubies	cop
13	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	15 rubies	advmod
14	above	above	ADP	_	15 rubies	case
15	rubies	ruby	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 find	obl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 find	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	find	can	a woman of valour						vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent
2	is	present	woman's price					for rubies; far property	tree rules

Sentence 2: (Writings PRO.31.10, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	PRO.31.10	PRO.31.10	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Writings	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 PRO.31.10	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 PRO.31.10	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 4

Of the children of Simeon, mighty men of valour for the war, seven thousand and one hundred. (Writings 1CH.12.26, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: Of the children of Simeon, mighty men of valour for the war, seven thousand and one hundred.

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Of	of	ADP	_	3 children	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 children	det
3	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 Simeon	case
5	Simeon	Simeon	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 children	nmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 men	punct
7	mighty	mighty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 men	amod
8	men	man	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 children	conj
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 valour	case
10	valour	valour	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 men	nmod
11	for	for	ADP	_	13 war	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 war	det
13	war	war	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 valour	nmod
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 thousand	punct
15	seven	seven	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	16 thousand	compound
16	thousand	thousand	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 men	conj
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 hundred	cc
18	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	19 hundred	compound
19	hundred	hundred	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	16 thousand	conj
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 children	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Sentence 2: (Writings 1CH.12.26, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	1CH.12.26	1CH.12.26	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 Writings	flat
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 1917	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 1917	nmod:unmarked
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 1CH.12.26	conj
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 5

The Victoria Cross is awarded «For Valour».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Cross	det
2	Victoria	Victoria	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Cross	compound
3	Cross	Cross	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 awarded	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 awarded	aux:pass
5	awarded	award	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	«	«	PUNCT	_	8 Valour	punct
7	For	for	ADP	_	8 Valour	case
8	Valour	Valour	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 awarded	obj
9	»	»	PUNCT	_	8 Valour	punct
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 awarded	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	award	present · passive		the Victoria Cross					vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: subject=Goal valour=Theme

Example 6

The knight was famous for his valour.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 knight	det
2	knight	knight	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 famous	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 famous	cop
4	famous	famous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 valour	case
6	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 valour	nmod:poss
7	valour	valour	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 famous	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 famous	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the knight					for his valour; famous property	tree rules

Example 7

The firefighters showed great valour in saving the family.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 firefighters	det
2	firefighters	firefighter	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 showed	nsubj
3	showed	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 valour	amod
5	valour	valour	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 showed	obj
6	in	in	SCONJ	_	7 saving	mark
7	saving	save	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 showed	advcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 family	det
9	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 saving	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 showed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	past	the firefighters	great valour					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent valour=Recipient
2	save	gerund	the firefighters not said here	the family					vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent family=Theme

Example 8

«Discretion is the better part of valour,» said the Rat, and they ran away.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 part	punct
2	Discretion	discretion	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 part	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 part	cop
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 part	det
5	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 part	amod
6	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 said	ccomp
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 valour	case
8	valour	valour	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 part	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 part	punct
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 part	punct
11	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 Rat	det
13	Rat	Rat	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 said	nsubj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 ran	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 ran	cc
16	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 ran	nsubj
17	ran	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 said	conj
18	away	away	ADV	_	17 ran	advmod
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 said	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a in a quote	present	Discretion	the better part	of valour	tree rules
2	say speech: assert	past	the Rat			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	run away	past	they		away property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 9

Many soldiers won medals for valour in the war.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 soldiers	amod
2	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 won	nsubj
3	won	win	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	medals	medal	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 won	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 valour	case
6	valour	valour	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 won	obl
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 war	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 war	det
9	war	war	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 won	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 won	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	win	past	Many soldiers	medals		the war		for valour	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent medal=Theme for valour=Beneficiary

Example 10

Songs were sung about her valour.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Songs	song	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 sung	nsubj:pass
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 sung	aux:pass
3	sung	sing	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	about	about	ADP	_	6 valour	case
5	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 valour	nmod:poss
6	valour	valour	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sung	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 sung	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sing speech: express	past · passive		Songs				about her valour	vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme

Example 11

Adrastus now gave his troops the word of command to storm the city, and they rushed forward to the attack with great valour.

The tree, 23 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Adrastus	Adrastus	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 gave	nsubj
2	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	3 gave	advmod
3	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 troops	nmod:poss
5	troops	troops	NOUN	Number=Ptan	3 gave	iobj
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 word	det
7	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gave	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 command	case
9	command	command	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 word	nmod
10	to	to	PART	_	11 storm	mark
11	storm	storm	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 gave	advcl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 city	det
13	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 storm	obj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 rushed	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 rushed	cc
16	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 rushed	nsubj
17	rushed	rush	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 gave	conj
18	forward	forward	ADV	_	17 rushed	advmod
19	to	to	ADP	_	21 attack	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 attack	det
21	attack	attack	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 rushed	obl
22	with	with	ADP	_	24 valour	case
23	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 valour	amod
24	valour	valour	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 attack	nmod
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 gave	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	when	other	roles by
1	give	past	Adrastus	the word of command	Adrastus's troops	now		vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent troops=Recipient word=Theme
2	storm	to-infinitive	Adrastus not said here	the city				tree rules
3	rush	past	troops				to the attack with great valour result; forward property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to attack=Result
4	word			command				nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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