vouch Who acts: you, someone, something, I, Sam, teacher · What happens: say, know, be, tell, take, see · To what, where: truth, responsibility, it, Writings · Speech: someone speaks here
«vouch» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: vouch in the Judaism dictionary .
Meaning 1 To say that you know someone is honest, good or telling the truth, and you will take responsibility for that.
The tree, 20 words mark mark nsubj ccomp nsubj cop ccomp punct conj cc conj det obj punct cc nsubj aux conj obj case obl punct root To PART say VERB that SCONJ you PRON know VERB someone PRON is AUX honest ADJ , PUNCT good ADJ or CCONJ telling VERB the DET truth NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ you PRON will AUX take VERB responsibility NOUN for ADP that PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 say mark 2 say say VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 that that SCONJ _ 5 know mark 4 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 know nsubj 5 know know VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 say ccomp 6 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 honest nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 honest cop 8 honest honest ADJ Degree=Pos 5 know ccomp 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 good punct 10 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 8 honest conj 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 telling cc 12 telling tell VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 honest conj 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 truth det 14 truth truth NOUN Number=Sing 12 telling obj 15 , , PUNCT _ 19 take punct 16 and and CCONJ _ 19 take cc 17 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 19 take nsubj 18 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 19 take aux 19 take take VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 say conj 20 responsibility responsibility NOUN Number=Sing 19 take obj 21 for for ADP _ 22 that case 22 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 19 take obl 23 . . PUNCT _ 2 say punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert to-infinitive vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 know present you vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 3 is present someone honest property tree rules 4 be someone not said here tree rules 5 tell speech: assert gerund someone not said here the truth vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent truth=Recipient 6 take future you responsibility for that vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent responsibility=Theme for that=Beneficiary
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To say that something is true or good because you have seen or tried it yourself.
The tree, 16 words mark mark nsubj cop ccomp cc conj mark nsubj aux parataxis cc conj obj obj punct root To PART say VERB that SCONJ something PRON is AUX true ADJ or CCONJ good ADJ because SCONJ you PRON have AUX seen VERB or CCONJ tried VERB it PRON yourself PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 say mark 2 say say VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 that that SCONJ _ 6 true mark 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 true nsubj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 true cop 6 true true ADJ Degree=Pos 2 say ccomp 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 good cc 8 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 6 true conj 9 because because SCONJ _ 12 seen mark 10 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 12 seen nsubj 11 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 seen aux 12 seen see VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 6 true parataxis 13 or or CCONJ _ 14 tried cc 14 tried try VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 12 seen conj 15 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 tried obj 16 yourself yourself PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 14 tried obj 17 . . PUNCT _ 2 say punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert to-infinitive vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 is present something true property tree rules 3 be something not said here tree rules 4 see present · perfect you vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 5 try past you not said here it vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Stimulus it=Experiencer yourself=Result
Example 1 If there be for him an angel, an intercessor, one among a thousand, to vouch for a man's uprightness; (Writings JOB.33.23, JPS 1917)
The tree, 24 words mark expl cop case obl det nsubj punct det conj punct appos case det nmod punct mark acl:relcl case det nmod:poss case obl punct punct appos punct flat flat punct root If SCONJ there PRON be AUX for ADP him PRON an DET angel NOUN , PUNCT an DET intercessor NOUN , PUNCT one NUM among ADP a DET thousand NUM , PUNCT to PART vouch VERB for ADP a DET man NOUN 's PART uprightness NOUN ; PUNCT ( PUNCT Writings NOUN JOB.33.23 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 3 be mark 2 there there PRON PronType=Dem 3 be expl 3 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 26 Writings cop 4 for for ADP _ 5 him case 5 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 be obl 6 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 angel det 7 angel angel NOUN Number=Sing 3 be nsubj 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 intercessor punct 9 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 intercessor det 10 intercessor intercessor NOUN Number=Sing 7 angel conj 11 , , PUNCT _ 12 one punct 12 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 10 intercessor appos 13 among among ADP _ 15 thousand case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 thousand det 15 thousand thousand NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 12 one nmod 16 , , PUNCT _ 18 vouch punct 17 to to PART _ 18 vouch mark 18 vouch vouch VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 one acl:relcl 19 for for ADP _ 23 uprightness case 20 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 21 man det 21 man man NOUN Number=Sing 23 uprightness nmod:poss 22 's 's PART _ 21 man case 23 uprightness uprightness NOUN Number=Sing 18 vouch obl 24 ; ; PUNCT _ 26 Writings punct 25 ( ( PUNCT _ 26 Writings punct 26 Writings writing NOUN Number=Plur root root 27 JOB.33.23 JOB.33.23 PROPN Number=Sing 26 Writings appos 28 , , PUNCT _ 29 JPS punct 29 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 27 JOB.33.23 flat 30 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 27 JOB.33.23 flat 31 ) ) PUNCT _ 26 Writings punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 vouch to-infinitive for a man's uprightness tree rules 2 is a imperative you not said here Writings tree rules
Example 2 I can vouch for Sam; he would never steal.
nsubj aux case obl punct nsubj aux advmod conj punct root I PRON can AUX vouch VERB for ADP Sam PROPN ; PUNCT he PRON would AUX never ADV steal VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 vouch nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 vouch aux 3 vouch vouch VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 for for ADP _ 5 Sam case 5 Sam Sam PROPN Number=Sing 3 vouch obl 6 ; ; PUNCT _ 10 steal punct 7 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 steal nsubj 8 would would AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 steal aux 9 never never ADV PronType=Neg 10 steal advmod 10 steal steal VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 vouch conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 vouch punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 vouch can I for Sam tree rules 2 not steal would Sam vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 3 The teacher vouched for her honesty.
det nsubj case nmod:poss obl punct root The DET teacher NOUN vouched VERB for ADP her PRON honesty NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 teacher det 2 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 3 vouched nsubj 3 vouched vouch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 for for ADP _ 6 honesty case 5 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 honesty nmod:poss 6 honesty honesty NOUN Number=Sing 3 vouched obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 vouched punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 vouch past the teacher for teacher's honesty tree rules
Example 4 I can vouch for this pizza place; it's brilliant.
nsubj aux case det compound obl punct nsubj cop conj punct root I PRON can AUX vouch VERB for ADP this DET pizza NOUN place NOUN ; PUNCT it PRON 's AUX brilliant ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 vouch nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 vouch aux 3 vouch vouch VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 for for ADP _ 7 place case 5 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 7 place det 6 pizza pizza NOUN Number=Sing 7 place compound 7 place place NOUN Number=Sing 3 vouch obl 8 ; ; PUNCT _ 11 brilliant punct 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 brilliant nsubj 10 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 brilliant cop 11 brilliant brilliant ADJ Degree=Pos 3 vouch conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 vouch punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 vouch can I for this pizza place tree rules 2 is present place brilliant property tree rules
Example 5 Nobody could vouch for the stranger, so he was not let in.
nsubj aux case det obl punct advmod nsubj cop advmod conj compound:prt punct root Nobody PRON could AUX vouch VERB for ADP the DET stranger NOUN , PUNCT so ADV he PRON was AUX not PART let VERB in ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nobody nobody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 3 vouch nsubj 2 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 vouch aux 3 vouch vouch VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 for for ADP _ 6 stranger case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 stranger det 6 stranger stranger NOUN Number=Sing 3 vouch obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 12 let punct 8 so so ADV _ 12 let advmod 9 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 let nsubj 10 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 12 let cop 11 not not PART Polarity=Neg 12 let advmod 12 let let VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 vouch conj 13 in in ADP _ 12 let compound:prt 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 vouch punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 vouch could Nobody for the stranger tree rules 2 not is past he let property tree rules
Example 6 Mum vouched for my story about the broken window.
nsubj case nmod:poss obl case det amod nmod punct root Mum NOUN vouched VERB for ADP my PRON story NOUN about ADP the DET broken ADJ window NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 vouched nsubj 2 vouched vouch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 for for ADP _ 5 story case 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 story nmod:poss 5 story story NOUN Number=Sing 2 vouched obl 6 about about ADP _ 9 window case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 window det 8 broken broken ADJ Degree=Pos 9 window amod 9 window window NOUN Number=Sing 5 story nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 vouched punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 vouch past Mum for my story about the broken window tree rules
Example 7 I can't vouch for the weather tomorrow!
nsubj aux advmod case det obl obl:unmarked punct root I PRON ca AUX n't PART vouch VERB for ADP the DET weather NOUN tomorrow NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 vouch nsubj 2 ca can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 vouch aux 3 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 4 vouch advmod 4 vouch vouch VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 for for ADP _ 7 weather case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 weather det 7 weather weather NOUN Number=Sing 4 vouch obl 8 tomorrow tomorrow NOUN Number=Sing 4 vouch obl:unmarked 9 ! ! PUNCT _ 4 vouch punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not vouch can I tomorrow for the weather tree rules
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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