winter Who acts: earth, winter, rain, Thou, sluggard, It · What happens: spend, remain, not cease, be, go, have · To what, where: seedtime, borders, Thou, harvest, nothing, coldest season
«winter» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 13 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: winter in the Judaism dictionary .
Meaning 1 The coldest season of the year, between autumn (fall) and spring.
The tree, 11 words det amod case det nmod punct case conj punct appos punct cc conj punct root The DET coldest ADJ season NOUN of ADP the DET year NOUN , PUNCT between ADP autumn NOUN ( PUNCT fall NOUN ) PUNCT and CCONJ spring NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 season det 2 coldest cold ADJ Degree=Sup 3 season amod 3 season season NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 of of ADP _ 6 year case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 year det 6 year year NOUN Number=Sing 3 season nmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 autumn punct 8 between between ADP _ 9 autumn case 9 autumn autumn NOUN Number=Sing 3 season conj 10 ( ( PUNCT _ 11 fall punct 11 fall fall NOUN Number=Sing 9 autumn appos 12 ) ) PUNCT _ 11 fall punct 13 and and CCONJ _ 14 spring cc 14 spring spring NOUN Number=Sing 9 autumn conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 3 season punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 2 As a verb, to spend the winter somewhere.
case det obl punct mark det obj advmod punct root As ADP a DET verb NOUN , PUNCT to PART spend VERB the DET winter NOUN somewhere ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 As as ADP _ 3 verb case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 verb det 3 verb verb NOUN Number=Sing 6 spend obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 6 spend punct 5 to to PART _ 6 spend mark 6 spend spend VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 winter det 8 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 6 spend obj 9 somewhere somewhere ADV PronType=Ind 6 spend advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 spend punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spend to-infinitive winter as a verb; somewhere property vn spend_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as verb=Attribute
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"Birds winter in the south."
punct compound case det nmod punct punct root " PUNCT Birds NOUN winter NOUN in ADP the DET south NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 3 winter punct 2 Birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 3 winter compound 3 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 in in ADP _ 6 south case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 south det 6 south south NOUN Number=Sing 3 winter nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 winter punct 8 " " PUNCT _ 3 winter punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 1 While the earth remaineth, seedtime and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night shall not cease.' (Torah GEN.8.22, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: While the earth remaineth, seedtime and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night shall not cease.'
The tree, 22 words mark det nsubj advcl punct obj cc conj punct cc parataxis cc conj punct cc parataxis cc conj punct cc obl:unmarked cc conj aux advmod punct punct root While SCONJ the DET earth NOUN remaineth VERB , PUNCT seedtime NOUN and CCONJ harvest NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ cold ADJ and CCONJ heat NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ summer NOUN and CCONJ winter NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ day NOUN and CCONJ night NOUN shall AUX not PART cease VERB . PUNCT ' PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 While while SCONJ _ 4 remaineth mark 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 earth det 3 earth earth NOUN Number=Sing 4 remaineth nsubj 4 remaineth remain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 26 cease advcl 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 seedtime punct 6 seedtime seedtime NOUN Number=Sing 4 remaineth obj 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 harvest cc 8 harvest harvest NOUN Number=Sing 6 seedtime conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 cold punct 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 cold cc 11 cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos 4 remaineth parataxis 12 and and CCONJ _ 13 heat cc 13 heat heat NOUN Number=Sing 11 cold conj 14 , , PUNCT _ 16 summer punct 15 and and CCONJ _ 16 summer cc 16 summer summer NOUN Number=Sing 4 remaineth parataxis 17 and and CCONJ _ 18 winter cc 18 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 16 summer conj 19 , , PUNCT _ 26 cease punct 20 and and CCONJ _ 26 cease cc 21 day day NOUN Number=Sing 26 cease obl:unmarked 22 and and CCONJ _ 23 night cc 23 night night NOUN Number=Sing 21 day conj 24 shall shall AUX VerbForm=Fin 26 cease aux 25 not not PART Polarity=Neg 26 cease advmod 26 cease cease VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 27 . . PUNCT _ 26 cease punct 28 ' ' PUNCT _ 26 cease punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 remain present the earth seedtime and harvest vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme seedtime=Attribute 2 not cease shall day vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
Sentence 2: (Torah GEN.8.22, JPS 1917)
punct compound punct conj flat punct root ( PUNCT Torah PROPN GEN.8.22 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 3 GEN.8.22 punct 2 Torah Torah PROPN Number=Sing 3 GEN.8.22 compound 3 GEN.8.22 GEN.8.22 PROPN Number=Sing root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 JPS punct 5 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 3 GEN.8.22 conj 6 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 JPS flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 3 GEN.8.22 punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 2 For, lo, the winter is past, the rain is over and gone; (Writings SNG.2.11, JPS 1917)
The tree, 16 words case punct discourse punct det nsubj cop punct det nsubj cop conj cc conj punct punct parataxis appos punct flat flat punct root For ADP , PUNCT lo INTJ , PUNCT the DET winter NOUN is AUX past ADJ , PUNCT the DET rain NOUN is AUX over ADV and CCONJ gone VERB ; PUNCT ( PUNCT Writings NOUN SNG.2.11 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 For for ADP _ 3 lo case 2 , , PUNCT _ 3 lo punct 3 lo lo INTJ _ 8 past discourse 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 lo punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 winter det 6 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 8 past nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 past cop 8 past past ADJ Degree=Pos root root 9 , , PUNCT _ 13 over punct 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 rain det 11 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 13 over nsubj 12 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 over cop 13 over over ADV _ 8 past conj 14 and and CCONJ _ 15 gone cc 15 gone go VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 8 past conj 16 ; ; PUNCT _ 18 Writings punct 17 ( ( PUNCT _ 18 Writings punct 18 Writings writing NOUN Number=Plur 8 past parataxis 19 SNG.2.11 SNG.2.11 PROPN Number=Sing 18 Writings appos 20 , , PUNCT _ 21 JPS punct 21 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 19 SNG.2.11 flat 22 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 19 SNG.2.11 flat 23 ) ) PUNCT _ 18 Writings punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the winter past property tree rules 2 is present the rain over property tree rules 3 go participle the winter not said here vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 3 Thou hast set all the borders of the earth; Thou hast made summer and winter. (Writings PSA.74.17, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: Thou hast set all the borders of the earth; Thou hast made summer and winter.
The tree, 15 words nsubj ccomp det:predet det obj case det nmod punct nsubj:pass aux:pass parataxis xcomp cc conj punct root Thou PRON hast VERB set VERB all DET the DET borders NOUN of ADP the DET earth NOUN ; PUNCT Thou PRON hast AUX made VERB summer NOUN and CCONJ winter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Thou thou PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch 2 hast nsubj 2 hast have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 set set VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 hast ccomp 4 all all DET PronType=Tot 6 borders det:predet 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 borders det 6 borders border NOUN Number=Plur 3 set obj 7 of of ADP _ 9 earth case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 earth det 9 earth earth NOUN Number=Sing 6 borders nmod 10 ; ; PUNCT _ 13 made punct 11 Thou thou PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch 13 made nsubj:pass 12 hast have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 made aux:pass 13 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 hast parataxis 14 summer summer NOUN Number=Sing 13 made xcomp 15 and and CCONJ _ 16 winter cc 16 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 14 summer conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 2 hast punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Thou tree rules 2 set participle Thou not said here all borders of the earth vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient border=Result 3 make present · passive Thou vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
Sentence 2: (Writings PSA.74.17, JPS 1917)
punct appos punct flat flat punct root ( PUNCT Writings NOUN PSA.74.17 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Writings punct 2 Writings writing NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 PSA.74.17 PSA.74.17 PROPN Number=Sing 2 Writings appos 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 JPS punct 5 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 3 PSA.74.17 flat 6 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 PSA.74.17 flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Writings punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 4 The sluggard will not plow when winter setteth in; therefore he shall beg in harvest, and have nothing. (Writings PRO.20.4, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: The sluggard will not plow when winter setteth in; therefore he shall beg in harvest, and have nothing.
The tree, 18 words det nsubj aux advmod advmod nsubj ccomp advmod punct advmod nsubj aux conj case obl punct cc conj obj punct root The DET sluggard NOUN will AUX not PART plow VERB when ADV winter NOUN setteth VERB in ADV ; PUNCT therefore ADV he PRON shall AUX beg VERB in ADP harvest NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ have VERB nothing PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 sluggard det 2 sluggard sluggard NOUN Number=Sing 5 plow nsubj 3 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 plow aux 4 not not PART Polarity=Neg 5 plow advmod 5 plow plow VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 when when ADV PronType=Int 8 setteth advmod 7 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 8 setteth nsubj 8 setteth set VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 plow ccomp 9 in in ADV _ 8 setteth advmod 10 ; ; PUNCT _ 14 beg punct 11 therefore therefore ADV _ 14 beg advmod 12 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 beg nsubj 13 shall shall AUX VerbForm=Fin 14 beg aux 14 beg beg VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 plow conj 15 in in ADP _ 16 harvest case 16 harvest harvest NOUN Number=Sing 14 beg obl 17 , , PUNCT _ 19 have punct 18 and and CCONJ _ 19 have cc 19 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 beg conj 20 nothing nothing PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 19 have obj 21 . . PUNCT _ 5 plow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not plow future the sluggard tree rules 2 set in present winter vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 3 beg speech: request shall sluggard harvest therefore property vn beg-58.2-1-1 «NP V PP.Topic»: agent=Agent 4 have present sluggard not said here nothing vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Patient
Sentence 2: (Writings PRO.20.4, JPS 1917)
punct appos punct flat flat punct root ( PUNCT Writings NOUN PRO.20.4 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Writings punct 2 Writings writing NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 PRO.20.4 PRO.20.4 PROPN Number=Sing 2 Writings appos 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 JPS punct 5 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 3 PRO.20.4 flat 6 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 PRO.20.4 flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Writings punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 5 Winter is the coldest season.
nsubj cop det amod punct root Winter PROPN is AUX the DET coldest ADJ season NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Winter Winter PROPN Number=Sing 5 season nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 season cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 season det 4 coldest cold ADJ Degree=Sup 5 season amod 5 season season NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 season punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Winter the coldest season tree rules
Example 6 It snows here in winter.
nsubj advmod case obl punct root It PRON snows VERB here ADV in ADP winter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 snows nsubj 2 snows snow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 here here ADV PronType=Dem 2 snows advmod 4 in in ADP _ 5 winter case 5 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 2 snows obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 snows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 snow present It here winter vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme»
Example 7 Bears hibernate in winter.
nsubj case obl punct root Bears NOUN hibernate VERB in ADP winter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bears bear NOUN Number=Plur 2 hibernate nsubj 2 hibernate hibernate VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 4 winter case 4 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 2 hibernate obl 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 hibernate punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hibernate present Bears winter vn fit-54.3 «NP.location V NP»: agent=Location
Example 8 In Australia, winter is in June, July and August.
case obl punct compound cop case punct appos cc conj punct root In ADP Australia PROPN , PUNCT winter NOUN is AUX in ADP June PROPN , PUNCT July PROPN and CCONJ August PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 Australia case 2 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 7 June obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 Australia punct 4 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 7 June compound 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 June cop 6 in in ADP _ 7 June case 7 June June PROPN Number=Sing root root 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 July punct 9 July July PROPN Number=Sing 7 June appos 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 August cc 11 August August PROPN Number=Sing 7 June conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 June punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Australia in winter June and August tree rules
Example 9 Wear warm clothes in winter.
amod obj case obl punct root Wear VERB warm ADJ clothes NOUN in ADP winter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wear wear VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 warm warm ADJ Degree=Pos 3 clothes amod 3 clothes clothes NOUN Number=Ptan 1 Wear obj 4 in in ADP _ 5 winter case 5 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 1 Wear obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 1 Wear punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear imperative you not said here warm clothes winter vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent clothes=Source
Example 10 The days are short in winter.
det nsubj cop case obl punct root The DET days NOUN are AUX short ADJ in ADP winter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 days det 2 days day NOUN Number=Plur 4 short nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 short cop 4 short short ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 in in ADP _ 6 winter case 6 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 4 short obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 short punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the days winter short property tree rules
Example 11 Christmas is in winter in Canada, but in summer in New Zealand.
nsubj cop case case nmod punct cc case conj case flat nmod punct root Christmas PROPN is AUX in ADP winter NOUN in ADP Canada PROPN , PUNCT but CCONJ in ADP summer NOUN in ADP New PROPN Zealand PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Christmas Christmas PROPN Number=Sing 4 winter nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 winter cop 3 in in ADP _ 4 winter case 4 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 in in ADP _ 6 Canada case 6 Canada Canada PROPN Number=Sing 4 winter nmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 summer punct 8 but but CCONJ _ 10 summer cc 9 in in ADP _ 10 summer case 10 summer summer NOUN Number=Sing 4 winter conj 11 in in ADP _ 13 Zealand case 12 New New PROPN Number=Sing 13 Zealand flat 13 Zealand Zealand PROPN Number=Sing 10 summer nmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 4 winter punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Christmas Canada in winter but summer in New Zealand tree rules
Example 12 Some birds fly south for the winter.
det nsubj advmod case det obl punct root Some DET birds NOUN fly VERB south ADV for ADP the DET winter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 birds det 2 birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 3 fly nsubj 3 fly fly VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 south south ADV _ 3 fly advmod 5 for for ADP _ 7 winter case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 winter det 7 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 3 fly obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 fly punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fly present some birds winter south property vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 13 A hard winter followed this summer.
det amod nsubj det obl:unmarked punct root A DET hard ADJ winter NOUN followed VERB this DET summer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 winter det 2 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 3 winter amod 3 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 4 followed nsubj 4 followed follow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 6 summer det 6 summer summer NOUN Number=Sing 4 followed obl:unmarked 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 followed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 follow past a hard winter summer vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
← previous winnowingnext → wipe↑ back to W in Judaism dictionary This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/W/winter/