abdicate Who acts: Edward, Margrethe, emperor, Parents, brother, She · What happens: abdicate, be, not do, marry, force, not abdicate · To what, where: responsibility, something, Edward, 1936, 2024, emperor
«abdicate» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: abdicate in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To abdicate is to give up being king or queen.
mark csubj cop mark case cop obl cc conj punct root To PART abdicate VERB is AUX to PART give VERB up ADP being AUX king NOUN or CCONJ queen NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 abdicate mark 2 abdicate abdicate VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 give csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 give cop 4 to to PART _ 5 give mark 5 give give VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 up up ADP _ 8 king case 7 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 king cop 8 king king NOUN Number=Sing 5 give obl 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 queen cc 10 queen queen NOUN Number=Sing 8 king conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 give punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 abdicate to-infinitive vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is present give property tree rules 3 is gerund up king or queen tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
To abdicate a responsibility is to fail to do something you should.
mark advcl det obj cop mark mark xcomp obj nsubj acl:relcl punct root To PART abdicate VERB a DET responsibility NOUN is AUX to PART fail VERB to PART do VERB something PRON you PRON should AUX . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 abdicate mark 2 abdicate abdicate VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 fail advcl 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 responsibility det 4 responsibility responsibility NOUN Number=Sing 2 abdicate obj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 fail cop 6 to to PART _ 7 fail mark 7 fail fail VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 8 to to PART _ 9 do mark 9 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 fail xcomp 10 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 9 do obj 11 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 12 should nsubj 12 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 something acl:relcl 13 . . PUNCT _ 7 fail punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 abdicate to-infinitive a responsibility vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent responsibility=Source 2 is present fail property tree rules 3 not do to-infinitive something vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality
Example 1 King Edward VIII abdicated in 1936 so he could marry.
nmod:desc flat acl case obl mark nsubj aux advcl punct root King PROPN Edward PROPN VIII NUM abdicated VERB in ADP 1936 NUM so SCONJ he PRON could AUX marry VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 King King PROPN Number=Sing 2 Edward nmod:desc 2 Edward Edward PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 VIII VIII NUM NumForm=Roman NumType=Card 2 Edward flat 4 abdicated abdicate VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 Edward acl 5 in in ADP _ 6 1936 case 6 1936 1936 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 abdicated obl 7 so so SCONJ _ 10 marry mark 8 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 marry nsubj 9 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 marry aux 10 marry marry VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 abdicated advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 Edward punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 abdicate participle Edward King not said here 1936 vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 marry could Edward vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
Example 2 Queen Margrethe of Denmark abdicated in 2024.
nmod:desc nsubj case nmod case obl punct root Queen PROPN Margrethe PROPN of ADP Denmark PROPN abdicated VERB in ADP 2024 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Queen Queen PROPN Number=Sing 2 Margrethe nmod:desc 2 Margrethe Margrethe PROPN Number=Sing 5 abdicated nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 Denmark case 4 Denmark Denmark PROPN Number=Sing 2 Margrethe nmod 5 abdicated abdicate VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 in in ADP _ 7 2024 case 7 2024 2024 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 abdicated obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 abdicated punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 abdicate past Margrethe Queen of Denmark 2024 vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 3 The emperor was forced to abdicate.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass mark xcomp punct root The DET emperor NOUN was AUX forced VERB to PART abdicate VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 emperor det 2 emperor emperor NOUN Number=Sing 4 forced nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 forced aux:pass 4 forced force VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 to to PART _ 6 abdicate mark 6 abdicate abdicate VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 forced xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 forced punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 force past · passive the emperor vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic 2 abdicate to-infinitive the emperor not said here vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 Parents cannot abdicate their responsibility to keep children safe.
nsubj aux advmod nmod:poss obj mark advcl obj xcomp punct root Parents NOUN can AUX not PART abdicate VERB their PRON responsibility NOUN to PART keep VERB children NOUN safe ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Parents parent NOUN Number=Plur 4 abdicate nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 abdicate aux 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 abdicate advmod 4 abdicate abdicate VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 responsibility nmod:poss 6 responsibility responsibility NOUN Number=Sing 4 abdicate obj 7 to to PART _ 8 keep mark 8 keep keep VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 abdicate advcl 9 children child NOUN Number=Plur 8 keep obj 10 safe safe ADJ Degree=Pos 8 keep xcomp 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 abdicate punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not abdicate can Parents Parents's responsibility vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent responsibility=Source 2 keep to-infinitive Parents not said here children safe property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent child=Theme
Example 5 After the king abdicated, his brother became king.
case det obl punct nmod:poss nsubj conj xcomp punct root After ADP the DET king NOUN abdicated VERB , PUNCT his PRON brother NOUN became VERB king NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 After after ADP _ 3 king case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 king det 3 king king NOUN Number=Sing 4 abdicated obl 4 abdicated abdicate VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 , , PUNCT _ 8 became punct 6 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 brother nmod:poss 7 brother brother NOUN Number=Sing 8 became nsubj 8 became become VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 abdicated conj 9 king king NOUN Number=Sing 8 became xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 abdicated punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 abdicate past after the king vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 become past king's brother king vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
Example 6 She refused to abdicate.
nsubj mark xcomp punct root She PRON refused VERB to PART abdicate VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 refused nsubj 2 refused refuse VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 abdicate mark 4 abdicate abdicate VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 refused xcomp 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 refused punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 refuse past She vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 not abdicate to-infinitive She not said here vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 7 But the old king, who had never expected that Jason would return alive, basely refused to fulfil his part of the compact, and declined to abdicate the throne.
The tree, 28 words cc det amod nsubj punct nsubj:pass aux advmod acl:relcl mark obl aux xcomp punct advmod parataxis mark xcomp nmod:poss obj case det nmod punct cc conj mark xcomp det obj punct root But CCONJ the DET old ADJ king NOUN , PUNCT who PRON had AUX never ADV expected VERB that SCONJ Jason PROPN would AUX return VERB alive ADJ , PUNCT basely ADV refused VERB to PART fulfil VERB his PRON part NOUN of ADP the DET compact NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ declined VERB to PART abdicate VERB the DET throne NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 But but CCONJ _ 13 return cc 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 king det 3 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 4 king amod 4 king king NOUN Number=Sing 13 return nsubj 5 , , PUNCT _ 9 expected punct 6 who who PRON PronType=Rel 9 expected nsubj:pass 7 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 expected aux 8 never never ADV PronType=Neg 9 expected advmod 9 expected expect VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 king acl:relcl 10 that that SCONJ _ 11 Jason mark 11 Jason Jason PROPN Number=Sing 9 expected obl 12 would would AUX VerbForm=Fin 13 return aux 13 return return VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 14 alive alive ADJ Degree=Pos 13 return xcomp 15 , , PUNCT _ 17 refused punct 16 basely basely ADV _ 17 refused advmod 17 refused refuse VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 13 return parataxis 18 to to PART _ 19 fulfil mark 19 fulfil fulfil VERB VerbForm=Inf 17 refused xcomp 20 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 21 part nmod:poss 21 part part NOUN Number=Sing 19 fulfil obj 22 of of ADP _ 24 compact case 23 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 24 compact det 24 compact compact NOUN Number=Sing 21 part nmod 25 , , PUNCT _ 27 declined punct 26 and and CCONJ _ 27 declined cc 27 declined decline VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 17 refused conj 28 to to PART _ 29 abdicate mark 29 abdicate abdicate VERB VerbForm=Inf 27 declined xcomp 30 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 31 throne det 31 throne throne NOUN Number=Sing 29 abdicate obj 32 . . PUNCT _ 13 return punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not expect past · perfect · passive the old king Jason obl vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme 2 return would the old king alive property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 refuse past basely property vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 4 not fulfil to-infinitive king's part of the compact tree rules 5 decline past vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 6 not abdicate to-infinitive the throne vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent throne=Source
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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