abject Who acts: Abject, fear, you, beggar, soldier, He · What happens: mean, describe, be, have, leave, live · To what, where: fear, pride, abject poverty, abject fear, abject apology, abject misery
«abject» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 4 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: abject in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Abject means very miserable, poor and low in condition, with no hope or comfort.
The tree, 14 words nsubj advmod xcomp punct conj cc conj case obl punct case det nmod cc conj punct root Abject ADJ means VERB very ADV miserable ADJ , PUNCT poor ADJ and CCONJ low ADJ in ADP condition NOUN , PUNCT with ADP no DET hope NOUN or CCONJ comfort NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Abject abject ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 very very ADV _ 4 miserable advmod 4 miserable miserable ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means xcomp 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 poor punct 6 poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos 4 miserable conj 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 low cc 8 low low ADJ Degree=Pos 4 miserable conj 9 in in ADP _ 10 condition case 10 condition condition NOUN Number=Sing 8 low obl 11 , , PUNCT _ 14 hope punct 12 with with ADP _ 14 hope case 13 no no DET PronType=Neg 14 hope det 14 hope hope NOUN Number=Sing 10 condition nmod 15 or or CCONJ _ 16 comfort cc 16 comfort comfort NOUN Number=Sing 14 hope conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Abject miserable property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Abject can also describe fear or apology that is total and humble, as if you have no pride left.
The tree, 19 words reparandum aux advmod obj cc conj nsubj cop acl:relcl cc conj punct mark mark nsubj advcl det obj acl punct root Abject ADJ can AUX also ADV describe VERB fear NOUN or CCONJ apology NOUN that PRON is AUX total ADJ and CCONJ humble ADJ , PUNCT as SCONJ if SCONJ you PRON have VERB no DET pride NOUN left VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Abject abject ADJ Degree=Pos 4 describe reparandum 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 describe aux 3 also also ADV _ 4 describe advmod 4 describe describe VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 5 fear fear NOUN Number=Sing 4 describe obj 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 apology cc 7 apology apology NOUN Number=Sing 5 fear conj 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 10 total nsubj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 total cop 10 total total ADJ Degree=Pos 5 fear acl:relcl 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 humble cc 12 humble humble ADJ Degree=Pos 10 total conj 13 , , PUNCT _ 17 have punct 14 as as SCONJ _ 17 have mark 15 if if SCONJ _ 17 have mark 16 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 17 have nsubj 17 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 describe advcl 18 no no DET PronType=Neg 19 pride det 19 pride pride NOUN Number=Sing 17 have obj 20 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 19 pride acl 21 . . PUNCT _ 4 describe punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 describe can fear or apology vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent fear=Theme 2 is present fear or apology total property tree rules 3 be fear or apology not said here tree rules 4 have present you no pride vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pride=Patient 5 leave participle no pride not said here vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 The beggar lived in abject poverty.
det nsubj case amod obl punct root The DET beggar NOUN lived VERB in ADP abject ADJ poverty NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 beggar det 2 beggar beggar NOUN Number=Sing 3 lived nsubj 3 lived live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 6 poverty case 5 abject abject ADJ Degree=Pos 6 poverty amod 6 poverty poverty NOUN Number=Sing 3 lived obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 lived punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live past the beggar abject poverty vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in poverty=Location
Example 2 The soldier fled in abject fear.
det nsubj case amod obl punct root The DET soldier NOUN fled VERB in ADP abject ADJ fear NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 soldier det 2 soldier soldier NOUN Number=Sing 3 fled nsubj 3 fled flee VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 6 fear case 5 abject abject ADJ Degree=Pos 6 fear amod 6 fear fear NOUN Number=Sing 3 fled obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 fled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 flee past the soldier abject fear vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 3 He made an abject apology to the king.
nsubj det amod obj case det obl punct root He PRON made VERB an DET abject ADJ apology NOUN to ADP the DET king NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 made nsubj 2 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 apology det 4 abject abject ADJ Degree=Pos 5 apology amod 5 apology apology NOUN Number=Sing 2 made obj 6 to to ADP _ 8 king case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 king det 8 king king NOUN Number=Sing 2 made obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past He a abject apology to the king vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent apology=Product
Example 4 The prisoners lived in abject misery.
det nsubj case amod obl punct root The DET prisoners NOUN lived VERB in ADP abject ADJ misery NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 prisoners det 2 prisoners prisoner NOUN Number=Plur 3 lived nsubj 3 lived live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 6 misery case 5 abject abject ADJ Degree=Pos 6 misery amod 6 misery misery NOUN Number=Sing 3 lived obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 lived punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live past the prisoners abject misery vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in misery=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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