ability Who acts: Ability, person, someone, Bats, She, people · What happens: be, do, mean, read, have, find · To what, where: power, something, special talent, ability, way, dark · Speech: someone speaks here
«ability» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: ability in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Ability is the power or skill to do something.
nsubj cop det cc conj mark acl obj punct root Ability NOUN is AUX the DET power NOUN or CCONJ skill NOUN to PART do VERB something PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ability ability NOUN Number=Sing 4 power nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 power cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 power det 4 power power NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 skill cc 6 skill skill NOUN Number=Sing 4 power conj 7 to to PART _ 8 do mark 8 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 power acl 9 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 do obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 power punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Ability the power or skill tree rules 2 do to-infinitive something vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 An ability is a special talent, something a person is good at.
det nsubj cop det amod punct appos det nsubj cop acl:relcl obl punct root An DET ability NOUN is AUX a DET special ADJ talent NOUN , PUNCT something PRON a DET person NOUN is AUX good ADJ at ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 ability det 2 ability ability NOUN Number=Sing 6 talent nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 talent cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 talent det 5 special special ADJ Degree=Pos 6 talent amod 6 talent talent NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 something punct 8 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 talent appos 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 person det 10 person person NOUN Number=Sing 12 good nsubj 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 good cop 12 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 8 something acl:relcl 13 at at ADP _ 12 good obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 talent punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a ability a special talent tree rules 2 is present a person good property tree rules
Meaning 3 Ability can also mean how well someone can do something, as in «reading ability».
The tree, 14 words nsubj aux advmod advmod advmod nsubj aux ccomp obj punct case case punct amod parataxis punct punct root Ability NOUN can AUX also ADV mean VERB how ADV well ADV someone PRON can AUX do VERB something PRON , PUNCT as ADP in ADP « PUNCT reading VERB ability NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ability ability NOUN Number=Sing 4 mean nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 mean aux 3 also also ADV _ 4 mean advmod 4 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 how how ADV PronType=Int 6 well advmod 6 well well ADV Degree=Pos 9 do advmod 7 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 9 do nsubj 8 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 do aux 9 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 mean ccomp 10 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 9 do obj 11 , , PUNCT _ 16 ability punct 12 as as ADP _ 16 ability case 13 in in ADP _ 16 ability case 14 « « PUNCT _ 16 ability punct 15 reading read VERB VerbForm=Ger 16 ability amod 16 ability ability NOUN Number=Sing 9 do parataxis 17 » » PUNCT _ 16 ability punct 18 . . PUNCT _ 4 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can Ability vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 do can someone something well property tree rules 3 read in a quote gerund vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 Bats have the ability to find their way in the dark.
nsubj det obj mark acl nmod:poss obj case det obl punct root Bats NOUN have VERB the DET ability NOUN to PART find VERB their PRON way NOUN in ADP the DET dark NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bats bat NOUN Number=Plur 2 have nsubj 2 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 ability det 4 ability ability NOUN Number=Sing 2 have obj 5 to to PART _ 6 find mark 6 find find VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 ability acl 7 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 way nmod:poss 8 way way NOUN Number=Sing 6 find obj 9 in in ADP _ 11 dark case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 dark det 11 dark dark NOUN Number=Sing 6 find obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Bats the ability vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ability=Patient 2 find to-infinitive Bats not said here Bats's way the dark vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic
Example 2 She has a great ability to make people laugh.
nsubj det amod obj mark acl obj xcomp punct root She PRON has VERB a DET great ADJ ability NOUN to PART make VERB people NOUN laugh VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 has nsubj 2 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 ability det 4 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 5 ability amod 5 ability ability NOUN Number=Sing 2 has obj 6 to to PART _ 7 make mark 7 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 ability acl 8 people people NOUN Number=Plur 7 make obj 9 laugh laugh VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 make xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present She a great ability vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ability=Patient 2 make to-infinitive She not said here people tree rules 3 laugh infinitive people not said here vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 3 Do the test to the best of your ability.
det obj case det parataxis case nmod:poss obl punct root Do VERB the DET test NOUN to ADP the DET best ADJ of ADP your PRON ability NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 test det 3 test test NOUN Number=Sing 1 Do obj 4 to to ADP _ 6 best case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 best det 6 best good ADJ Degree=Sup 1 Do parataxis 7 of of ADP _ 9 ability case 8 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 ability nmod:poss 9 ability ability NOUN Number=Sing 6 best obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Do punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do imperative you not said here the test vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent test=Eventuality
Example 4 The ability to swim can save your life.
det nsubj mark acl aux nmod:poss obj punct root The DET ability NOUN to PART swim VERB can AUX save VERB your PRON life NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 ability det 2 ability ability NOUN Number=Sing 6 save nsubj 3 to to PART _ 4 swim mark 4 swim swim VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 ability acl 5 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 save aux 6 save save VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 life nmod:poss 8 life life NOUN Number=Sing 6 save obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 save punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 swim to-infinitive the ability not said here vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 save can the ability your life vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Theme
Example 5 Each superhero has a different special ability.
det nsubj det amod amod obj punct root Each DET superhero NOUN has VERB a DET different ADJ special ADJ ability NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Each each DET PronType=Tot 2 superhero det 2 superhero superhero NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 ability det 5 different different ADJ Degree=Pos 7 ability amod 6 special special ADJ Degree=Pos 7 ability amod 7 ability ability NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present each superhero a different special ability vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ability=Patient
Example 6 Practice will improve your reading ability.
nsubj aux nmod:poss compound obj punct root Practice NOUN will AUX improve VERB your PRON reading NOUN ability NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Practice practice NOUN Number=Sing 3 improve nsubj 2 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 improve aux 3 improve improve VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 ability nmod:poss 5 reading reading NOUN Number=Sing 6 ability compound 6 ability ability NOUN Number=Sing 3 improve obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 improve punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 improve future Practice your reading ability vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent ability=Patient
Example 7 Chameleons have the ability to change colour.
nsubj det obj mark acl obj punct root Chameleons NOUN have VERB the DET ability NOUN to PART change VERB colour NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Chameleons chameleon NOUN Number=Plur 2 have nsubj 2 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 ability det 4 ability ability NOUN Number=Sing 2 have obj 5 to to PART _ 6 change mark 6 change change VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 ability acl 7 colour colour NOUN Number=Sing 6 change obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Chameleons the ability vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ability=Patient 2 change to-infinitive Chameleons not said here colour vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient
Example 8 Grateful for these favours, the animals determined to repay him to the best of their ability.
The tree, 16 words case det obl punct det appos acl mark xcomp obj case det obl case nmod:poss obl punct root Grateful ADJ for ADP these DET favours NOUN , PUNCT the DET animals NOUN determined VERB to PART repay VERB him PRON to ADP the DET best ADJ of ADP their PRON ability NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grateful grateful ADJ Degree=Pos root root 2 for for ADP _ 4 favours case 3 these this DET Number=Plur PronType=Dem 4 favours det 4 favours favour NOUN Number=Plur 1 Grateful obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 7 animals punct 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 animals det 7 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 4 favours appos 8 determined determine VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 animals acl 9 to to PART _ 10 repay mark 10 repay repay VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 determined xcomp 11 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 repay obj 12 to to ADP _ 14 best case 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 best det 14 best good ADJ Degree=Sup 10 repay obl 15 of of ADP _ 17 ability case 16 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 17 ability nmod:poss 17 ability ability NOUN Number=Sing 14 best obl 18 . . PUNCT _ 1 Grateful punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 determine participle the animals not said here vn discover-84 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 repay to-infinitive him = he to the best vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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