able Who acts: you, able person, I, She, Birds, penguins · What happens: be, do, have, swim, come, not be · To what, where: something, it, skill, chance, things, whole length
«able» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: able in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 If you are able to do something, you can do it; you have the skill, strength, time or chance to do it.
The tree, 22 words mark nsubj cop advcl mark xcomp obj punct nsubj aux obj punct nsubj parataxis det obj punct conj punct conj cc conj mark acl obj punct root If SCONJ you PRON are AUX able ADJ to PART do VERB something PRON , PUNCT you PRON can AUX do VERB it PRON ; PUNCT you PRON have VERB the DET skill NOUN , PUNCT strength NOUN , PUNCT time NOUN or CCONJ chance NOUN to PART do VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 4 able mark 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 able nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 able cop 4 able able ADJ Degree=Pos 11 do advcl 5 to to PART _ 6 do mark 6 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 able xcomp 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 do obj 8 , , PUNCT _ 4 able punct 9 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 11 do nsubj 10 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 11 do aux 11 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 12 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 do obj 13 ; ; PUNCT _ 15 have punct 14 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 15 have nsubj 15 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 do parataxis 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 skill det 17 skill skill NOUN Number=Sing 15 have obj 18 , , PUNCT _ 19 strength punct 19 strength strength NOUN Number=Sing 17 skill conj 20 , , PUNCT _ 21 time punct 21 time time NOUN Number=Sing 17 skill conj 22 or or CCONJ _ 23 chance cc 23 chance chance NOUN Number=Sing 21 time conj 24 to to PART _ 25 do mark 25 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 23 chance acl 26 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 25 do obj 27 . . PUNCT _ 11 do punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a condition, not said to happen present you able property tree rules 2 do to-infinitive you not said here something vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality 3 do can you it vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality 4 have present you the skill and strength and time or chance vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skill=Patient 5 do to-infinitive you not said here chance vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 An able person is clever or good at things, like an able pupil.
The tree, 13 words det amod nsubj cop cc conj case obl punct case det amod conj punct root An DET able ADJ person NOUN is AUX clever ADJ or CCONJ good ADJ at ADP things NOUN , PUNCT like ADP an DET able ADJ pupil NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 person det 2 able able ADJ Degree=Pos 3 person amod 3 person person NOUN Number=Sing 5 clever nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 clever cop 5 clever clever ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 good cc 7 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 5 clever conj 8 at at ADP _ 9 things case 9 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 7 good obl 10 , , PUNCT _ 14 pupil punct 11 like like ADP _ 14 pupil case 12 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 pupil det 13 able able ADJ Degree=Pos 14 pupil amod 14 pupil pupil NOUN Number=Sing 5 clever conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 clever punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present a able person clever property tree rules 2 be a able person not said here things tree rules
Example 1 I am able to swim a whole length now.
nsubj cop mark xcomp det amod obj advmod punct root I PRON am AUX able ADJ to PART swim VERB a DET whole ADJ length NOUN now ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 able nsubj 2 am be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 able cop 3 able able ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 to to PART _ 5 swim mark 5 swim swim VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 able xcomp 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 length det 7 whole whole ADJ Degree=Pos 8 length amod 8 length length NOUN Number=Sing 5 swim obj 9 now now ADV PronType=Dem 5 swim advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 able punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present I able property tree rules 2 swim to-infinitive I not said here a whole length now vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme length=Trajectory
Example 2 Will you be able to come to my party?
aux nsubj cop mark xcomp case nmod:poss obl punct root Will AUX you PRON be AUX able ADJ to PART come VERB to ADP my PRON party NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 able aux 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 able nsubj 3 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 4 able cop 4 able able ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 to to PART _ 6 come mark 6 come come VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 able xcomp 7 to to ADP _ 9 party case 8 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 party nmod:poss 9 party party NOUN Number=Sing 6 come obl 10 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 able punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is future you able property tree rules 2 come to-infinitive you not said here my party vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to party=Initial_Location
Example 3 She wasn't able to open the jar.
nsubj cop advmod mark xcomp det obj punct root She PRON was AUX n't PART able ADJ to PART open VERB the DET jar NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 able nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 able cop 3 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 4 able advmod 4 able able ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 to to PART _ 6 open mark 6 open open VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 able xcomp 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 jar det 8 jar jar NOUN Number=Sing 6 open obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 able punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not is past She able property tree rules 2 open to-infinitive She not said here the jar vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location jar=Theme
Example 4 Birds are able to fly, but penguins are not.
nsubj cop mark xcomp punct cc nsubj conj advmod punct root Birds NOUN are AUX able ADJ to PART fly VERB , PUNCT but CCONJ penguins NOUN are VERB not PART . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 3 able nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 able cop 3 able able ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 to to PART _ 5 fly mark 5 fly fly VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 able xcomp 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 are punct 7 but but CCONJ _ 9 are cc 8 penguins penguin NOUN Number=Plur 9 are nsubj 9 are be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 able conj 10 not not PART Polarity=Neg 9 are advmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 able punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Birds able property tree rules 2 fly to-infinitive Birds not said here vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 not does present penguins vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 Owls are able to see in the dark better than us.
nsubj cop mark xcomp case det obl advmod case obl punct root Owls NOUN are AUX able ADJ to PART see VERB in ADP the DET dark NOUN better ADV than ADP us PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Owls owl NOUN Number=Plur 3 able nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 able cop 3 able able ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 to to PART _ 5 see mark 5 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 able xcomp 6 in in ADP _ 8 dark case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 dark det 8 dark dark NOUN Number=Sing 5 see obl 9 better well ADV Degree=Cmp 5 see advmod 10 than than ADP _ 11 us case 11 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 9 better obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 able punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Owls able property tree rules 2 see to-infinitive Owls not said here the dark well property vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Example 6 He was able to finish the puzzle in ten minutes.
nsubj cop mark xcomp det obj case nummod obl punct root He PRON was AUX able ADJ to PART finish VERB the DET puzzle NOUN in ADP ten NUM minutes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 able nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 able cop 3 able able ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 to to PART _ 5 finish mark 5 finish finish VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 able xcomp 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 puzzle det 7 puzzle puzzle NOUN Number=Sing 5 finish obj 8 in in ADP _ 10 minutes case 9 ten ten NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 10 minutes nummod 10 minutes minute NOUN Number=Plur 5 finish obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 able punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past He able property tree rules 2 finish to-infinitive He not said here the puzzle minute vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality puzzle=Eventuality
Example 7 The more able readers chose longer books.
det advmod amod nsubj amod obj punct root The DET more ADV able ADJ readers NOUN chose VERB longer ADJ books NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 readers det 2 more more ADV Degree=Cmp 3 able advmod 3 able able ADJ Degree=Pos 4 readers amod 4 readers reader NOUN Number=Plur 5 chose nsubj 5 chose choose VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 longer long ADJ Degree=Cmp 7 books amod 7 books book NOUN Number=Plur 5 chose obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 chose punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 choose past the able readers longer books vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Theme
Example 8 After the injury he was able to walk again.
case det obl nsubj cop mark xcomp advmod punct root After ADP the DET injury NOUN he PRON was AUX able ADJ to PART walk VERB again ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 After after ADP _ 3 injury case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 injury det 3 injury injury NOUN Number=Sing 6 able obl 4 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 able nsubj 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 able cop 6 able able ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 to to PART _ 8 walk mark 8 walk walk VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 able xcomp 9 again again ADV _ 8 walk advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 able punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past he after the injury able property tree rules 2 walk to-infinitive he not said here again vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 9 "Should I be able to see these flowers?"
punct aux nsubj cop mark xcomp det obj punct punct root " PUNCT Should AUX I PRON be AUX able ADJ to PART see VERB these DET flowers NOUN ? PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 5 able punct 2 Should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 able aux 3 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 able nsubj 4 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 5 able cop 5 able able ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 to to PART _ 7 see mark 7 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 able xcomp 8 these this DET Number=Plur PronType=Dem 9 flowers det 9 flowers flower NOUN Number=Plur 7 see obj 10 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 able punct 11 " " PUNCT _ 5 able punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is in a quote should I able property tree rules 2 see in a quote to-infinitive I not said here this flowers vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer flower=Stimulus
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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