absence Who acts: Absence, you, someone, none, She, Your · What happens: be, mean, not be, absent, have, notice · To what, where: place, time, something, three absences, school, absence · Speech: someone speaks here
«absence» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: absence in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Absence is being away from a place, like school or work, when you should be there.
The tree, 16 words nsubj cop cop advmod case det punct case conj cc conj punct advmod nsubj aux cop conj punct root Absence NOUN is AUX being AUX away ADV from ADP a DET place NOUN , PUNCT like ADP school NOUN or CCONJ work NOUN , PUNCT when ADV you PRON should AUX be AUX there ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Absence absence NOUN Number=Sing 7 place nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 place cop 3 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 7 place cop 4 away away ADV _ 7 place advmod 5 from from ADP _ 7 place case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 place det 7 place place NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 school punct 9 like like ADP _ 10 school case 10 school school NOUN Number=Sing 7 place conj 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 work cc 12 work work NOUN Number=Sing 10 school conj 13 , , PUNCT _ 18 there punct 14 when when ADV PronType=Int 18 there advmod 15 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 18 there nsubj 16 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 18 there aux 17 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 18 there cop 18 there there ADV PronType=Dem 7 place conj 19 . . PUNCT _ 7 place punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Absence a place and school or work away property tree rules 2 is should you there property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 An absence is a time when someone is away.
det nsubj cop det mark nsubj cop acl punct root An DET absence NOUN is AUX a DET time NOUN when SCONJ someone PRON is AUX away ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 absence det 2 absence absence NOUN Number=Sing 5 time nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 time cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 time det 5 time time NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 when when SCONJ _ 9 away mark 7 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 9 away nsubj 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 away cop 9 away away ADV _ 5 time acl 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 time punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a absence a time tree rules 2 is present someone away property tree rules
Meaning 3 Absence of something means it is not there or there is none of it.
The tree, 14 words nsubj case nmod nsubj cop advmod ccomp cc expl conj nsubj case nmod punct root Absence NOUN of ADP something PRON means VERB it PRON is AUX not PART there ADV or CCONJ there PRON is VERB none PRON of ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Absence absence NOUN Number=Sing 4 means nsubj 2 of of ADP _ 3 something case 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 1 Absence nmod 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 there nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 there cop 7 not not PART Polarity=Neg 8 there advmod 8 there there ADV PronType=Dem 4 means ccomp 9 or or CCONJ _ 11 is cc 10 there there PRON PronType=Dem 11 is expl 11 is be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 there conj 12 none none PRON PronType=Neg 11 is nsubj 13 of of ADP _ 14 it case 14 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 none nmod 15 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Absence of something vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 2 not is present Absence there property tree rules 3 be present none there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 absent something nom absence «state transitive»: of=patient
Example 1 She had three absences from school this term.
nsubj nummod obj case obl det obl:unmarked punct root She PRON had VERB three NUM absences NOUN from ADP school NOUN this DET term NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 had nsubj 2 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 4 absences nummod 4 absences absence NOUN Number=Plur 2 had obj 5 from from ADP _ 6 school case 6 school school NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obl 7 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 8 term det 8 term term NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obl:unmarked 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past She three absences school this term obl:unmarked vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent absence=Patient
Example 2 Your absence was noticed at the meeting.
nmod:poss nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl punct root Your PRON absence NOUN was AUX noticed VERB at ADP the DET meeting NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 absence nmod:poss 2 absence absence NOUN Number=Sing 4 noticed nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 noticed aux:pass 4 noticed notice VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 at at ADP _ 7 meeting case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 meeting det 7 meeting meeting NOUN Number=Sing 4 noticed obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 noticed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 notice past · passive Your absence the meeting vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus 2 absent Your nom absence «state transitive»: poss=agent
Example 3 In the absence of light, plants cannot make food.
case det obl case nmod punct nsubj aux advmod obj punct root In ADP the DET absence NOUN of ADP light NOUN , PUNCT plants NOUN can AUX not PART make VERB food NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 absence case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 absence det 3 absence absence NOUN Number=Sing 10 make obl 4 of of ADP _ 5 light case 5 light light NOUN Number=Sing 3 absence nmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 3 absence punct 7 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 10 make nsubj 8 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 make aux 9 not not PART Polarity=Neg 10 make advmod 10 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 11 food food NOUN Number=Sing 10 make obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 10 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not make can plants food the absence of light vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset food=Product 2 absent light nom absence «state transitive»: of=patient
Example 4 After a long absence, the swallows returned.
case det amod obl punct det nsubj punct root After ADP a DET long ADJ absence NOUN , PUNCT the DET swallows NOUN returned VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 After after ADP _ 4 absence case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 absence det 3 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 4 absence amod 4 absence absence NOUN Number=Sing 8 returned obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 absence punct 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 swallows det 7 swallows swallow NOUN Number=Plur 8 returned nsubj 8 returned return VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 returned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 return past the swallows after a long absence vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 There were 28 pupils and 3 absences, so 25 were present.
expl nummod nsubj cc nummod conj punct advmod nsubj cop conj punct root There PRON were VERB 28 NUM pupils NOUN and CCONJ 3 NUM absences NOUN , PUNCT so ADV 25 NUM were AUX present ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 were expl 2 were be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 28 28 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 pupils nummod 4 pupils pupil NOUN Number=Plur 2 were nsubj 5 and and CCONJ _ 7 absences cc 6 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 absences nummod 7 absences absence NOUN Number=Plur 4 pupils conj 8 , , PUNCT _ 12 present punct 9 so so ADV _ 12 present advmod 10 25 25 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 12 present nsubj 11 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 12 present cop 12 present present ADJ Degree=Pos 2 were conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 were punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be past 28 pupils and 3 absences there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is past 25 present property tree rules
Example 6 The absence of rain made the grass turn brown.
det nsubj case nmod det nsubj ccomp xcomp punct root The DET absence NOUN of ADP rain NOUN made VERB the DET grass NOUN turn VERB brown ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 absence det 2 absence absence NOUN Number=Sing 5 made nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 rain case 4 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 2 absence nmod 5 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 grass det 7 grass grass NOUN Number=Sing 8 turn nsubj 8 turn turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 made ccomp 9 brown brown ADJ Degree=Pos 8 turn xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past the absence of rain tree rules 2 turn present the grass brown property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme 3 absent rain nom absence «state transitive»: of=patient
Example 7 The teacher marked his absence in the register.
det nsubj nmod:poss obj case det obl punct root The DET teacher NOUN marked VERB his PRON absence NOUN in ADP the DET register NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 teacher det 2 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 3 marked nsubj 3 marked mark VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 absence nmod:poss 5 absence absence NOUN Number=Sing 3 marked obj 6 in in ADP _ 8 register case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 register det 8 register register NOUN Number=Sing 3 marked obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 marked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mark past the teacher teacher's absence the register vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent absence=Theme in register=Destination 2 absent teacher nom absence «state transitive»: poss=agent
Example 8 In his absence things are usually quiet on the island.
case nmod:poss compound obl cop advmod case det obl punct root In ADP his PRON absence NOUN things NOUN are AUX usually ADV quiet ADJ on ADP the DET island NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 4 things case 2 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 things nmod:poss 3 absence absence NOUN Number=Sing 4 things compound 4 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 7 quiet obl 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 quiet cop 6 usually usually ADV _ 7 quiet advmod 7 quiet quiet ADJ Degree=Pos root root 8 on on ADP _ 10 island case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 island det 10 island island NOUN Number=Sing 7 quiet obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 quiet punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present his absence things on the island; quiet, usually property tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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