absent Who acts: Absent, Snow, Tom, teacher, Colour, Grandpa · What happens: not mean, expect, be, mean, mind, think · To what, where: someone, school, cold, three children, old black photos, glasses · Speech: someone speaks here
«absent» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: absent in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Absent means not here, not in the place where someone is expected to be, such as school or work.
The tree, 19 words nsubj advmod advmod punct advmod case det parataxis advmod nsubj:pass aux:pass acl:relcl mark cop punct case fixed obj cc conj punct root Absent ADJ means VERB not PART here ADV , PUNCT not PART in ADP the DET place NOUN where ADV someone PRON is AUX expected VERB to PART be AUX , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP school NOUN or CCONJ work NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Absent absent ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 2 means advmod 4 here here ADV PronType=Dem 2 means advmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 9 place punct 6 not not PART Polarity=Neg 9 place advmod 7 in in ADP _ 9 place case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 place det 9 place place NOUN Number=Sing 2 means parataxis 10 where where ADV PronType=Rel 13 expected advmod 11 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 13 expected nsubj:pass 12 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 expected aux:pass 13 expected expect VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 place acl:relcl 14 to to PART _ 19 school mark 15 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 19 school cop 16 , , PUNCT _ 19 school punct 17 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 19 school case 18 as as ADP _ 17 such fixed 19 school school NOUN Number=Sing 13 expected obj 20 or or CCONJ _ 21 work cc 21 work work NOUN Number=Sing 19 school conj 22 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not mean present Absent here vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 2 expect present · passive someone vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme 3 is to-infinitive such school or work tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Absent means missing or not there at all, as in «Snow was absent this winter».
The tree, 15 words nsubj xcomp cc advmod conj case obl punct mark mark punct nsubj cop parataxis det obl:unmarked punct punct root Absent ADJ means VERB missing ADJ or CCONJ not PART there ADV at ADP all DET , PUNCT as SCONJ in SCONJ « PUNCT Snow NOUN was AUX absent ADJ this DET winter NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Absent absent ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 missing missing ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means xcomp 4 or or CCONJ _ 6 there cc 5 not not PART Polarity=Neg 6 there advmod 6 there there ADV PronType=Dem 3 missing conj 7 at at ADP _ 8 all case 8 all all DET PronType=Tot 6 there obl 9 , , PUNCT _ 15 absent punct 10 as as SCONJ _ 15 absent mark 11 in in SCONJ _ 15 absent mark 12 « « PUNCT _ 15 absent punct 13 Snow snow NOUN Number=Sing 15 absent nsubj 14 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 15 absent cop 15 absent absent ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means parataxis 16 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 17 winter det 17 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 15 absent obl:unmarked 18 » » PUNCT _ 15 absent punct 19 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Absent missing property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 is in a quote past Snow winter absent property tree rules
Meaning 3 Absent-minded means forgetful, thinking about something else.
amod punct nsubj xcomp punct advcl case obl advmod punct root Absent ADJ - PUNCT minded VERB means VERB forgetful ADJ , PUNCT thinking VERB about ADP something PRON else ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Absent absent ADJ Degree=Pos 3 minded amod 2 - - PUNCT _ 1 Absent punct 3 minded mind VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 means nsubj 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 forgetful forgetful ADJ Degree=Pos 4 means xcomp 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 thinking punct 7 thinking think VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 means advcl 8 about about ADP _ 9 something case 9 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 thinking obl 10 else else ADV _ 9 something advmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mind participle vn care-88.1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 2 mean present forgetful property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 3 think speech: other gerund about something vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about something=Topic
Example 1 Tom was absent from school because he had a cold.
nsubj cop case obl mark nsubj advcl det obj punct root Tom PROPN was AUX absent ADJ from ADP school NOUN because SCONJ he PRON had VERB a DET cold NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tom Tom PROPN Number=Sing 3 absent nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 absent cop 3 absent absent ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 from from ADP _ 5 school case 5 school school NOUN Number=Sing 3 absent obl 6 because because SCONJ _ 8 had mark 7 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 had nsubj 8 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 absent advcl 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 cold det 10 cold cold NOUN Number=Sing 8 had obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 absent punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past Tom school absent property tree rules 2 have past Tom a cold vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cold=Patient
Example 2 Who is absent today?
nsubj cop obl:unmarked punct root Who PRON is AUX absent ADJ today NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Who who PRON PronType=Rel 3 absent nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 absent cop 3 absent absent ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 today today NOUN Number=Sing 3 absent obl:unmarked 5 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 absent punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present today absent property tree rules
Example 3 The teacher marked three children absent.
det nsubj nummod obj xcomp punct root The DET teacher NOUN marked VERB three NUM children NOUN absent ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 teacher det 2 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 3 marked nsubj 3 marked mark VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 children nummod 5 children child NOUN Number=Plur 3 marked obj 6 absent absent ADJ Degree=Pos 3 marked xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 marked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mark past the teacher three children absent property vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent child=Theme
Example 4 Colour was absent from the old black-and-white photos.
nsubj cop case det amod amod punct cc punct conj obl punct root Colour NOUN was AUX absent ADJ from ADP the DET old ADJ black ADJ - PUNCT and CCONJ - PUNCT white ADJ photos NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Colour colour NOUN Number=Sing 3 absent nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 absent cop 3 absent absent ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 from from ADP _ 12 photos case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 photos det 6 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 12 photos amod 7 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 12 photos amod 8 - - PUNCT _ 7 black punct 9 and and CCONJ _ 11 white cc 10 - - PUNCT _ 9 and punct 11 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 7 black conj 12 photos photo NOUN Number=Plur 3 absent obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 absent punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past Colour the old black photos absent property tree rules
Example 5 Grandpa is a bit absent-minded and often loses his glasses.
nsubj cop det obl:unmarked amod punct cc advmod conj nmod:poss obj punct root Grandpa NOUN is AUX a DET bit NOUN absent ADJ - PUNCT minded ADJ and CCONJ often ADV loses VERB his PRON glasses NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandpa grandpa NOUN Number=Sing 7 minded nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 minded cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 bit det 4 bit bit NOUN Number=Sing 7 minded obl:unmarked 5 absent absent ADJ Degree=Pos 7 minded amod 6 - - PUNCT _ 5 absent punct 7 minded minded ADJ Degree=Pos root root 8 and and CCONJ _ 10 loses cc 9 often often ADV _ 10 loses advmod 10 loses lose VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 minded conj 11 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 12 glasses nmod:poss 12 glasses glass NOUN Number=Plur 10 loses obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 7 minded punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Grandpa a bit obl:unmarked ; minded property tree rules 2 lose present Grandpa not said here his glasses often property vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent glass=Eventuality
Example 6 If you are absent, bring a note from home.
mark nsubj cop advcl punct det obj case obl punct root If SCONJ you PRON are AUX absent ADJ , PUNCT bring VERB a DET note NOUN from ADP home NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 4 absent mark 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 absent nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 absent cop 4 absent absent ADJ Degree=Pos 6 bring advcl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 absent punct 6 bring bring VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 note det 8 note note NOUN Number=Sing 6 bring obj 9 from from ADP _ 10 home case 10 home home NOUN Number=Sing 6 bring obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 bring punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a condition, not said to happen present you absent property tree rules 2 bring imperative you not said here a note home vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent note=Theme from home=Initial_Location
Example 7 Fish are absent from this salty lake.
nsubj cop case det amod obl punct root Fish NOUN are AUX absent ADJ from ADP this DET salty ADJ lake NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fish fish NOUN Number=Plur 3 absent nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 absent cop 3 absent absent ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 from from ADP _ 7 lake case 5 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 7 lake det 6 salty salty ADJ Degree=Pos 7 lake amod 7 lake lake NOUN Number=Sing 3 absent obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 absent punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Fish this salty lake absent property tree rules
Example 8 While he was absent the boy woke up and dressed himself.
mark nsubj cop amod det nsubj compound:prt cc conj obj punct root While SCONJ he PRON was AUX absent ADJ the DET boy NOUN woke VERB up ADP and CCONJ dressed VERB himself PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 While while SCONJ _ 4 absent mark 2 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 absent nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 absent cop 4 absent absent ADJ Degree=Pos 6 boy amod 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 boy det 6 boy boy NOUN Number=Sing 7 woke nsubj 7 woke wake VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 up up ADP _ 7 woke compound:prt 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 dressed cc 10 dressed dress VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 woke conj 11 himself himself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 10 dressed obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 woke punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past he absent property tree rules 2 wake up past the absent boy vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 3 dress past the absent boy not said here boy vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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