abundance

Who acts: state, abundance, Wild flowers, rainforest, class, rains · What happens: amount, have, be, grow, bring, find · To what, where: something, plenty, things, abundance, farms, Fresh water · Speech: someone speaks here

«abundance» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: abundance in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

A very large amount of something, more than enough.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 amount	det
2	very	very	ADV	_	3 large	advmod
3	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 amount	amod
4	amount	amount	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 something	case
6	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	4 amount	nmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 more	punct
8	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 something	amod
9	than	than	ADP	_	10 enough	case
10	enough	enough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 more	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 amount	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	amount			something					nom amount «possession transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

The state of having plenty, being rich in things such as food or water.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 state	det
2	state	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 rich	nsubj
3	of	of	SCONJ	_	4 having	mark
4	having	have	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 state	acl
5	plenty	plenty	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 having	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 rich	punct
7	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 rich	cop
8	rich	rich	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 things	case
10	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 rich	obl
11	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	13 food	case
12	as	as	ADP	_	11 such	fixed
13	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 things	nmod
14	or	or	CCONJ	_	15 water	cc
15	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 food	conj
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 rich	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	gerund	the state not said here	plenty					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plenty=Patient
2	is	gerund	the state			things such food or water		rich property	tree rules

Example 1

There was an abundance of apples in the orchard this autumn.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 was	expl
2	was	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 abundance	det
4	abundance	abundance	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 was	nsubj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 apples	case
6	apples	apple	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 abundance	nmod
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 orchard	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 orchard	det
9	orchard	orchard	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 apples	nmod
10	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	11 autumn	det
11	autumn	autumn	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 was	nsubj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 was	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	past	a abundance of apples in the orchard			there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 2

Wild flowers grow in abundance by the river.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wild	wild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 flowers	amod
2	flowers	flower	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 grow	nsubj
3	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 abundance	case
5	abundance	abundance	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grow	obl
6	by	by	ADP	_	8 river	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 river	det
8	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grow	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 grow	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	Wild flowers			abundance		by the river	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in abundance=Location

Example 3

The rainforest has an abundance of animals and plants.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 rainforest	det
2	rainforest	rainforest	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	nsubj
3	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 abundance	det
5	abundance	abundance	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 animals	case
7	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 abundance	nmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 plants	cc
9	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 animals	conj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	the rainforest	a abundance of animals and plants					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent abundance=Patient

Example 4

Our class had an abundance of ideas for the school fair.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 class	nmod:poss
2	class	class	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 had	nsubj
3	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 abundance	det
5	abundance	abundance	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 had	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 ideas	case
7	ideas	idea	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 abundance	nmod
8	for	for	ADP	_	11 fair	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 fair	det
10	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 fair	compound
11	fair	fair	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 ideas	nmod
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 had	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	Our class	a abundance of ideas for the school fair					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent abundance=Patient

Example 5

After the long drought, the rains brought abundance to the farms.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	After	after	ADP	_	4 drought	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 drought	det
3	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 drought	amod
4	drought	drought	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 brought	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 drought	punct
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 rains	det
7	rains	rain	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 brought	nsubj
8	brought	bring	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	abundance	abundance	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 brought	obj
10	to	to	ADP	_	12 farms	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 farms	det
12	farms	farm	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 brought	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 brought	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bring	past	the rains	abundance		the farms	after the long drought		vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent abundance=Theme to farm=Destination

Example 6

Fresh water is found in abundance in Canada.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fresh	fresh	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 water	amod
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 found	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 found	aux:pass
4	found	find	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 abundance	case
6	abundance	abundance	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 found	obl
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 Canada	case
8	Canada	Canada	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 abundance	nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 found	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	find	present · passive		Fresh water		abundance in Canada			vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic

Example 7

The teacher said we had an abundance of time, so no need to rush.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 teacher	det
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 said	nsubj
3	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	5 had	nsubj
5	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 said	ccomp
6	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 abundance	det
7	abundance	abundance	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 had	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 time	case
9	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 abundance	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 need	punct
11	so	so	ADV	_	13 need	advmod
12	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	13 need	det
13	need	need	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 said	ccomp
14	to	to	PART	_	15 rush	mark
15	rush	rush	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 need	acl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 said	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	the teacher		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	have	past	we	a abundance of time	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent abundance=Patient
3	rush	to-infinitive	the teacher not said here		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 8

The peasants were quite contented with this arrangement, which gave them food and money in abundance.

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 peasants	det
2	peasants	peasant	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 contented	nsubj:pass
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 contented	aux:pass
4	quite	quite	ADV	_	5 contented	advmod
5	contented	content	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	with	with	ADP	_	8 arrangement	case
7	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	8 arrangement	det
8	arrangement	arrangement	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 contented	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 gave	punct
10	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 gave	nsubj
11	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 contented	conj
12	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 gave	iobj
13	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 gave	obj
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 money	cc
15	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 food	conj
16	in	in	ADP	_	17 abundance	case
17	abundance	abundance	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 gave	obl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 contented	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	content	past · passive		the peasants				with this arrangement	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer
2	give	past		food and money	peasants = peasant	abundance			vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient food=Theme

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/abundance/