accusation Who acts: accusation, person, Tom, Sara, she, He · What happens: be, do, steal, lie, have, prove · To what, where: something, accusation, work, someone, bike, evidence · Speech: someone speaks here
«accusation» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: accusation in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 An accusation is when someone says that a person did something wrong or bad, such as stealing or lying.
The tree, 19 words det nsubj cop advmod nsubj mark det nsubj ccomp obj amod cc conj punct mark fixed parataxis cc conj punct root An DET accusation NOUN is AUX when ADV someone PRON says VERB that SCONJ a DET person NOUN did VERB something PRON wrong ADJ or CCONJ bad ADJ , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP stealing VERB or CCONJ lying VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 accusation det 2 accusation accusation NOUN Number=Sing 6 says nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 says cop 4 when when ADV PronType=Int 6 says advmod 5 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 says nsubj 6 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 that that SCONJ _ 10 did mark 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 person det 9 person person NOUN Number=Sing 10 did nsubj 10 did do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 says ccomp 11 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 10 did obj 12 wrong wrong ADJ Degree=Pos 11 something amod 13 or or CCONJ _ 14 bad cc 14 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos 12 wrong conj 15 , , PUNCT _ 18 stealing punct 16 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=SCONJ 18 stealing mark 17 as as ADP _ 16 such fixed 18 stealing steal VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 11 something parataxis 19 or or CCONJ _ 20 lying cc 20 lying lie VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 18 stealing conj 21 . . PUNCT _ 6 says punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be speech: assert present a accusation say property tree rules 2 do past a person something vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality 3 steal gerund vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 lie gerund vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 An accusation can be true or false; it still has to be proved.
The tree, 13 words det nsubj aux cop cc conj punct nsubj advmod parataxis mark aux:pass xcomp punct root An DET accusation NOUN can AUX be AUX true ADJ or CCONJ false ADJ ; PUNCT it PRON still ADV has VERB to PART be AUX proved VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 accusation det 2 accusation accusation NOUN Number=Sing 5 true nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 true aux 4 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 5 true cop 5 true true ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 false cc 7 false false ADJ Degree=Pos 5 true conj 8 ; ; PUNCT _ 11 has punct 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 has nsubj 10 still still ADV _ 11 has advmod 11 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 true parataxis 12 to to PART _ 14 proved mark 13 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 14 proved aux:pass 14 proved prove VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 11 has xcomp 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 true punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is can a accusation true property tree rules 2 be a accusation not said here tree rules 3 have present accusation still tree rules 4 prove to-infinitive · passive accusation not said here vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»
Example 1 Tom made an accusation that Sara had copied his work.
nsubj det obj mark nsubj aux advcl nmod:poss obj punct root Tom PROPN made VERB an DET accusation NOUN that SCONJ Sara PROPN had AUX copied VERB his PRON work NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tom Tom PROPN Number=Sing 2 made nsubj 2 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 accusation det 4 accusation accusation NOUN Number=Sing 2 made obj 5 that that SCONJ _ 8 copied mark 6 Sara Sara PROPN Number=Sing 8 copied nsubj 7 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 copied aux 8 copied copy VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 2 made advcl 9 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 work nmod:poss 10 work work NOUN Number=Sing 8 copied obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past Tom a accusation vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent accusation=Product 2 copy past · perfect Sara Sara's work vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent work=Theme 3 work Sara nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 2 The accusation was false — she had done it herself.
det nsubj cop punct nsubj aux parataxis obj obl punct root The DET accusation NOUN was AUX false ADJ — PUNCT she PRON had AUX done VERB it PRON herself PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 accusation det 2 accusation accusation NOUN Number=Sing 4 false nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 false cop 4 false false ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 — - PUNCT _ 8 done punct 6 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 done nsubj 7 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 done aux 8 done do VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 4 false parataxis 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 done obj 10 herself herself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 8 done obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 false punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the accusation false property tree rules 2 do past · perfect she accusation herself = she obl vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality
Example 3 He denied the accusation.
nsubj det obj punct root He PRON denied VERB the DET accusation NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 denied nsubj 2 denied deny VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 accusation det 4 accusation accusation NOUN Number=Sing 2 denied obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 denied punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 deny past He the accusation vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent accusation=Eventuality
Example 4 Don't make an accusation without proof.
aux advmod det obj case obl punct root Do AUX n't PART make VERB an DET accusation NOUN without ADP proof NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 make aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 make advmod 3 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 accusation det 5 accusation accusation NOUN Number=Sing 3 make obj 6 without without ADP _ 7 proof case 7 proof proof NOUN Number=Sing 3 make obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not make imperative · do-support you not said here a accusation without proof vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset accusation=Product
Example 5 The teacher listened to both sides after the accusation.
det nsubj case det obl case det obl punct root The DET teacher NOUN listened VERB to ADP both DET sides NOUN after ADP the DET accusation NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 teacher det 2 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 3 listened nsubj 3 listened listen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to ADP _ 6 sides case 5 both both DET PronType=Tot 6 sides det 6 sides side NOUN Number=Plur 3 listened obl 7 after after ADP _ 9 accusation case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 accusation det 9 accusation accusation NOUN Number=Sing 3 listened obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 listened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 listen past the teacher after the accusation to both sides vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to side=Theme
Example 6 A false accusation can really hurt someone.
det amod nsubj aux advmod obj punct root A DET false ADJ accusation NOUN can AUX really ADV hurt VERB someone PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 accusation det 2 false false ADJ Degree=Pos 3 accusation amod 3 accusation accusation NOUN Number=Sing 6 hurt nsubj 4 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 hurt aux 5 really really ADV _ 6 hurt advmod 6 hurt hurt VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 hurt obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 6 hurt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hurt can a false accusation someone vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer someone=Patient
Example 7 The thief faced an accusation of stealing a bike.
det nsubj det obj mark acl det obj punct root The DET thief NOUN faced VERB an DET accusation NOUN of SCONJ stealing VERB a DET bike NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 thief det 2 thief thief NOUN Number=Sing 3 faced nsubj 3 faced face VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 accusation det 5 accusation accusation NOUN Number=Sing 3 faced obj 6 of of SCONJ _ 7 stealing mark 7 stealing steal VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 accusation acl 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 bike det 9 bike bike NOUN Number=Sing 7 stealing obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 faced punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 face past the thief a accusation vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme accusation=Destination 2 steal gerund a accusation not said here a bike vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location bike=Theme
Example 8 In court, there must be evidence for an accusation.
case obl punct expl aux cop case det nmod punct root In ADP court NOUN , PUNCT there PRON must AUX be AUX evidence NOUN for ADP an DET accusation NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 court case 2 court court NOUN Number=Sing 7 evidence obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 court punct 4 there there PRON PronType=Dem 6 be expl 5 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 be aux 6 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 7 evidence cop 7 evidence evidence NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 for for ADP _ 10 accusation case 9 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 accusation det 10 accusation accusation NOUN Number=Sing 7 evidence nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 evidence punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a imperative you not said here evidence court for a accusation tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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