adaptation Who acts: adaptation, living thing, process, long eyelashes, Webbed feet, Cacti · What happens: be, help, survive, change, make, fit · To what, where: feature, science, adaptation, habitat, changed version, film
«adaptation» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: adaptation in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 In science, an adaptation is a feature of a living thing (body part or behaviour) that helps it survive in its habitat, like a camel's hump or a polar bear's thick fur.
The tree, 34 words case obl punct det nsubj cop det case det compound nmod punct compound appos cc conj punct nsubj acl:relcl obj xcomp case nmod:poss obl punct case det nmod:poss case parataxis cc det amod nmod:poss case amod conj punct root In ADP science NOUN , PUNCT an DET adaptation NOUN is AUX a DET feature NOUN of ADP a DET living NOUN thing NOUN ( PUNCT body NOUN part NOUN or CCONJ behaviour NOUN ) PUNCT that PRON helps VERB it PRON survive VERB in ADP its PRON habitat NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET camel NOUN 's PART hump NOUN or CCONJ a DET polar ADJ bear NOUN 's PART thick ADJ fur NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 science case 2 science science NOUN Number=Sing 8 feature obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 science punct 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 adaptation det 5 adaptation adaptation NOUN Number=Sing 8 feature nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 feature cop 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 feature det 8 feature feature NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 of of ADP _ 12 thing case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 thing det 11 living living NOUN Number=Sing 12 thing compound 12 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing 8 feature nmod 13 ( ( PUNCT _ 15 part punct 14 body body NOUN Number=Sing 15 part compound 15 part part NOUN Number=Sing 12 thing appos 16 or or CCONJ _ 17 behaviour cc 17 behaviour behaviour NOUN Number=Sing 15 part conj 18 ) ) PUNCT _ 15 part punct 19 that that PRON PronType=Rel 20 helps nsubj 20 helps help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 thing acl:relcl 21 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 20 helps obj 22 survive survive VERB VerbForm=Inf 20 helps xcomp 23 in in ADP _ 25 habitat case 24 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 25 habitat nmod:poss 25 habitat habitat NOUN Number=Sing 22 survive obl 26 , , PUNCT _ 31 hump punct 27 like like ADP _ 31 hump case 28 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 29 camel det 29 camel camel NOUN Number=Sing 31 hump nmod:poss 30 's 's PART _ 29 camel case 31 hump hump NOUN Number=Sing 22 survive parataxis 32 or or CCONJ _ 38 fur cc 33 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 35 bear det 34 polar polar ADJ Degree=Pos 35 bear amod 35 bear bear NOUN Number=Sing 38 fur nmod:poss 36 's 's PART _ 35 bear case 37 thick thick ADJ Degree=Pos 38 fur amod 38 fur fur NOUN Number=Sing 31 hump conj 39 . . PUNCT _ 8 feature punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a adaptation a feature science of a living thing tree rules 2 help present a living thing adaptation vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent it=Beneficiary clause=Theme 3 survive infinitive adaptation not said here adaptation's habitat vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in habitat=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 An adaptation is a changed version of something, such as a film made from a book.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj cop det amod case nmod punct case fixed det nmod acl case det obl:agent punct root An DET adaptation NOUN is AUX a DET changed VERB version NOUN of ADP something PRON , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP a DET film NOUN made VERB from ADP a DET book NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 adaptation det 2 adaptation adaptation NOUN Number=Sing 6 version nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 version cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 version det 5 changed change VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 version amod 6 version version NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 8 something case 8 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 version nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 13 film punct 10 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 13 film case 11 as as ADP _ 10 such fixed 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 film det 13 film film NOUN Number=Sing 8 something nmod 14 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 13 film acl 15 from from ADP _ 17 book case 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 book det 17 book book NOUN Number=Sing 14 made obl:agent 18 . . PUNCT _ 6 version punct
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1 change participle vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is a present a adaptation a changed version of something tree rules 3 make participle a film not said here vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
Meaning 3 Adaptation is the process of changing to fit a new situation.
nsubj cop det mark acl mark advcl det amod obj punct root Adaptation NOUN is AUX the DET process NOUN of SCONJ changing VERB to PART fit VERB a DET new ADJ situation NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Adaptation adaptation NOUN Number=Sing 4 process nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 process cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 process det 4 process process NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of SCONJ _ 6 changing mark 6 changing change VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 process acl 7 to to PART _ 8 fit mark 8 fit fit VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 changing advcl 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 situation det 10 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 11 situation amod 11 situation situation NOUN Number=Sing 8 fit obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 process punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Adaptation the process tree rules 2 change gerund the process not said here vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 fit to-infinitive the process not said here a new situation vn adjust-26.9 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent situation=Patient
Example 1 A camel's long eyelashes are an adaptation to sandy winds.
det nmod:poss case amod nsubj cop det case amod nmod punct root A DET camel NOUN 's PART long ADJ eyelashes NOUN are AUX an DET adaptation NOUN to ADP sandy ADJ winds NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 camel det 2 camel camel NOUN Number=Sing 5 eyelashes nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 camel case 4 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 5 eyelashes amod 5 eyelashes eyelash NOUN Number=Plur 8 adaptation nsubj 6 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 adaptation cop 7 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 adaptation det 8 adaptation adaptation NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 to to ADP _ 11 winds case 10 sandy sandy ADJ Degree=Pos 11 winds amod 11 winds wind NOUN Number=Plur 8 adaptation nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 8 adaptation punct
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1 is a present a camel's long eyelashes a adaptation to sandy winds tree rules
Example 2 Webbed feet are an adaptation for swimming.
amod nsubj cop det case nmod punct root Webbed VERB feet NOUN are AUX an DET adaptation NOUN for ADP swimming NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Webbed web VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 feet amod 2 feet foot NOUN Number=Plur 5 adaptation nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 adaptation cop 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 adaptation det 5 adaptation adaptation NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 for for ADP _ 7 swimming case 7 swimming swimming NOUN Number=Sing 5 adaptation nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 adaptation punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 web participle tree rules 2 is a present Webbed feet a adaptation for swimming tree rules
Example 3 Cacti have spines instead of leaves, an adaptation that saves water.
nsubj obj case fixed obl punct det conj nsubj acl:relcl obj punct root Cacti NOUN have VERB spines NOUN instead ADV of ADP leaves NOUN , PUNCT an DET adaptation NOUN that PRON saves VERB water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cacti cactus NOUN Number=Plur 2 have nsubj 2 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 spines spine NOUN Number=Plur 2 have obj 4 instead instead ADV ExtPos=ADP 6 leaves case 5 of of ADP _ 4 instead fixed 6 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 2 have obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 adaptation punct 8 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 adaptation det 9 adaptation adaptation NOUN Number=Sing 6 leaves conj 10 that that PRON PronType=Rel 11 saves nsubj 11 saves save VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 adaptation acl:relcl 12 water water NOUN Number=Sing 11 saves obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Cacti spines instead leaves and a adaptation vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spine=Patient 2 save present a adaptation water vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme
Example 4 Hibernation is a behavioural adaptation.
nsubj cop det amod punct root Hibernation NOUN is AUX a DET behavioural ADJ adaptation NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hibernation hibernation NOUN Number=Sing 5 adaptation nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 adaptation cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 adaptation det 4 behavioural behavioural ADJ Degree=Pos 5 adaptation amod 5 adaptation adaptation NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 adaptation punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Hibernation a behavioural adaptation tree rules
Example 5 We watched a film adaptation of «Charlotte's Web».
nsubj det compound obj case punct nmod:poss case nmod punct punct root We PRON watched VERB a DET film NOUN adaptation NOUN of ADP « PUNCT Charlotte PROPN 's PART Web NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 watched nsubj 2 watched watch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 adaptation det 4 film film NOUN Number=Sing 5 adaptation compound 5 adaptation adaptation NOUN Number=Sing 2 watched obj 6 of of ADP _ 10 Web case 7 « « PUNCT _ 10 Web punct 8 Charlotte Charlotte PROPN Number=Sing 10 Web nmod:poss 9 's 's PART _ 8 Charlotte case 10 Web web NOUN Number=Sing 5 adaptation nmod 11 » » PUNCT _ 2 watched punct 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 watched punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 watch past We a film adaptation of Charlotte's Web vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent adaptation=Theme 2 adapt Charlotte's Web nom adaptation «communication intransitive»: of=agent
Example 6 The play was an adaptation of a fairy tale.
det nsubj cop det case det compound nmod punct root The DET play NOUN was AUX an DET adaptation NOUN of ADP a DET fairy NOUN tale NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 play det 2 play play NOUN Number=Sing 5 adaptation nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 adaptation cop 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 adaptation det 5 adaptation adaptation NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 9 tale case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 tale det 8 fairy fairy NOUN Number=Sing 9 tale compound 9 tale tale NOUN Number=Sing 5 adaptation nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 adaptation punct
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1 is a past the play a adaptation of a fairy tale tree rules
Example 7 Moving to a new country took some adaptation.
csubj case det amod obl det obj punct root Moving VERB to ADP a DET new ADJ country NOUN took VERB some DET adaptation NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Moving move VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 took csubj 2 to to ADP _ 5 country case 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 country det 4 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 5 country amod 5 country country NOUN Number=Sing 1 Moving obl 6 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 some some DET PronType=Ind 8 adaptation det 8 adaptation adaptation NOUN Number=Sing 6 took obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 move gerund a new country vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to country=Trajectory 2 take past Moving some adaptation vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent adaptation=Theme
Example 8 The Russian word idol is identical with our own adaptation of +eidolou+.
The tree, 14 words det amod compound nsubj cop case nmod:poss amod obl case cc nmod punct punct root The DET Russian ADJ word NOUN idol NOUN is AUX identical ADJ with ADP our PRON own ADJ adaptation NOUN of ADP + SYM eidolou PROPN + SYM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 idol det 2 Russian Russian ADJ Degree=Pos 4 idol amod 3 word word NOUN Number=Sing 4 idol compound 4 idol idol NOUN Number=Sing 6 identical nsubj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 identical cop 6 identical identical ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 with with ADP _ 10 adaptation case 8 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 adaptation nmod:poss 9 own own ADJ Degree=Pos 10 adaptation amod 10 adaptation adaptation NOUN Number=Sing 6 identical obl 11 of of ADP _ 13 eidolou case 12 + + SYM _ 13 eidolou cc 13 eidolou eidolou PROPN Number=Sing 10 adaptation nmod 14 + + SYM _ 13 eidolou punct 15 . . PUNCT _ 6 identical punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the Russian word idol with our own adaptation of eidolou; identical property tree rules 2 adapt eidolou nom adaptation «communication intransitive»: of=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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