ai Who acts: AI, computer programs, things, phone, I, teacher · What happens: stand, do, seem, need, think, understand · To what, where: things, speech, pictures, questions, games, one such program · Speech: someone speaks here
«ai» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: ai in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 AI stands for artificial intelligence: computer programs that can do things that seem to need thinking, like understanding speech, recognising pictures, answering questions or playing games.
The tree, 26 words nsubj case amod obl punct compound appos nsubj aux acl:relcl obj nsubj acl:relcl mark xcomp xcomp punct mark conj obj punct conj obj punct conj obj cc conj obj punct root AI NOUN stands VERB for ADP artificial ADJ intelligence NOUN : PUNCT computer NOUN programs NOUN that PRON can AUX do VERB things NOUN that PRON seem VERB to PART need VERB thinking VERB , PUNCT like SCONJ understanding VERB speech NOUN , PUNCT recognising VERB pictures NOUN , PUNCT answering VERB questions NOUN or CCONJ playing VERB games NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 AI ai NOUN Number=Sing 2 stands nsubj 2 stands stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 for for ADP _ 5 intelligence case 4 artificial artificial ADJ Degree=Pos 5 intelligence amod 5 intelligence intelligence NOUN Number=Sing 2 stands obl 6 : : PUNCT _ 8 programs punct 7 computer computer NOUN Number=Sing 8 programs compound 8 programs program NOUN Number=Plur 5 intelligence appos 9 that that PRON PronType=Rel 11 do nsubj 10 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 11 do aux 11 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 programs acl:relcl 12 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 11 do obj 13 that that PRON PronType=Rel 14 seem nsubj 14 seem seem VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 things acl:relcl 15 to to PART _ 16 need mark 16 need need VERB VerbForm=Inf 14 seem xcomp 17 thinking think VERB VerbForm=Ger 16 need xcomp 18 , , PUNCT _ 20 understanding punct 19 like like SCONJ _ 20 understanding mark 20 understanding understand VERB VerbForm=Ger 17 thinking conj 21 speech speech NOUN Number=Sing 20 understanding obj 22 , , PUNCT _ 23 recognising punct 23 recognising recognise VERB VerbForm=Ger 20 understanding conj 24 pictures picture NOUN Number=Plur 23 recognising obj 25 , , PUNCT _ 26 answering punct 26 answering answer VERB VerbForm=Ger 20 understanding conj 27 questions question NOUN Number=Plur 26 answering obj 28 or or CCONJ _ 29 playing cc 29 playing play VERB VerbForm=Ger 26 answering conj 30 games game NOUN Number=Plur 29 playing obj 31 . . PUNCT _ 2 stands punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stand present AI for artificial intelligence vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer for intelligence=Attribute 2 do can computer programs things vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality 3 seem present things vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute 4 need to-infinitive things not said here vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 5 think speech: other not said to happen gerund things not said here vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 6 understand gerund things not said here speech vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer speech=Stimulus 7 recognise gerund things not said here pictures vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer picture=Stimulus 8 answer speech: assert gerund things not said here questions vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent question=Eventuality 9 play gerund things not said here games vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent game=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 An AI is one such program or system.
det nsubj cop nummod amod cc conj punct root An DET AI NOUN is AUX one NUM such ADJ program NOUN or CCONJ system NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 AI det 2 AI ai NOUN Number=Sing 6 program nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 program cop 4 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 program nummod 5 such such ADJ Degree=Pos 6 program amod 6 program program NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 system cc 8 system system NOUN Number=Sing 6 program conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 program punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a AI one such program or system tree rules
Meaning 3 In crossword puzzles, «ai» is a three-toed sloth, an animal from South American rainforests.
The tree, 15 words case compound obl punct punct nsubj punct cop det nummod punct amod punct det appos case compound amod nmod punct root In ADP crossword NOUN puzzles NOUN , PUNCT « PUNCT ai NOUN » PUNCT is AUX a DET three NUM - PUNCT toed ADJ sloth NOUN , PUNCT an DET animal NOUN from ADP South PROPN American ADJ rainforests NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 puzzles case 2 crossword crossword NOUN Number=Sing 3 puzzles compound 3 puzzles puzzle NOUN Number=Plur 13 sloth obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 puzzles punct 5 « « PUNCT _ 6 ai punct 6 ai ai NOUN Number=Sing 13 sloth nsubj 7 » » PUNCT _ 6 ai punct 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 sloth cop 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 sloth det 10 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 12 toed nummod 11 - - PUNCT _ 10 three punct 12 toed toed ADJ _ 13 sloth amod 13 sloth sloth NOUN Number=Sing root root 14 , , PUNCT _ 16 animal punct 15 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 animal det 16 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 13 sloth appos 17 from from ADP _ 20 rainforests case 18 South South PROPN Number=Sing 20 rainforests compound 19 American American ADJ Degree=Pos 20 rainforests amod 20 rainforests rainforest NOUN Number=Plur 16 animal nmod 21 . . PUNCT _ 13 sloth punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present ai a toed sloth crossword puzzles tree rules
Meaning 4 Ai can also be a cry of fright, pain or surprise, as in a sudden shout.
The tree, 16 words nsubj aux advmod cop det case nmod punct appos cc conj punct case case det amod conj punct root Ai NOUN can AUX also ADV be AUX a DET cry NOUN of ADP fright NOUN , PUNCT pain NOUN or CCONJ surprise NOUN , PUNCT as ADP in ADP a DET sudden ADJ shout NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ai ai NOUN Number=Sing 6 cry nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 cry aux 3 also also ADV _ 6 cry advmod 4 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 6 cry cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 cry det 6 cry cry NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 8 fright case 8 fright fright NOUN Number=Sing 6 cry nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 pain punct 10 pain pain NOUN Number=Sing 6 cry appos 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 surprise cc 12 surprise surprise NOUN Number=Sing 10 pain conj 13 , , PUNCT _ 18 shout punct 14 as as ADP _ 18 shout case 15 in in ADP _ 18 shout case 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 shout det 17 sudden sudden ADJ Degree=Pos 18 shout amod 18 shout shout NOUN Number=Sing 6 cry conj 19 . . PUNCT _ 6 cry punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a can Ai a cry and a sudden shout of fright tree rules
Example 1 AI helps the phone understand what I say.
nsubj det obj xcomp obj nsubj ccomp punct root AI NOUN helps VERB the DET phone NOUN understand VERB what PRON I PRON say VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 AI ai NOUN Number=Sing 2 helps nsubj 2 helps help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 phone det 4 phone phone NOUN Number=Sing 2 helps obj 5 understand understand VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 helps xcomp 6 what what PRON PronType=Int 8 say obj 7 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 8 say nsubj 8 say say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 understand ccomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 helps punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help present AI the phone vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent phone=Beneficiary clause=Theme 2 understand infinitive the phone not said here vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus 3 say speech: assert present I vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic
Example 2 Our teacher showed us how AI can recognise cats in photos.
nmod:poss nsubj iobj advmod nsubj aux ccomp obj case obl punct root Our PRON teacher NOUN showed VERB us PRON how ADV AI NOUN can AUX recognise VERB cats NOUN in ADP photos NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 teacher nmod:poss 2 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 3 showed nsubj 3 showed show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 showed iobj 5 how how ADV PronType=Int 8 recognise advmod 6 AI ai NOUN Number=Sing 8 recognise nsubj 7 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 recognise aux 8 recognise recognise VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 showed ccomp 9 cats cat NOUN Number=Plur 8 recognise obj 10 in in ADP _ 11 photos case 11 photos photo NOUN Number=Plur 8 recognise obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 showed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show past Our teacher us vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP what S»: agent=Agent we=Recipient clause=Topic 2 recognise can AI cats photos vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cat=Stimulus
Example 3 An AI can make mistakes, so always check its answers.
det nsubj aux obj punct advmod advmod parataxis nmod:poss obj punct root An DET AI NOUN can AUX make VERB mistakes NOUN , PUNCT so ADV always ADV check VERB its PRON answers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 AI det 2 AI ai NOUN Number=Sing 4 make nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 make aux 4 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 mistakes mistake NOUN Number=Plur 4 make obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 check punct 7 so so ADV _ 9 check advmod 8 always always ADV PronType=Tot 9 check advmod 9 check check VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 4 make parataxis 10 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 answers nmod:poss 11 answers answer NOUN Number=Plur 9 check obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make can a AI mistakes vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset mistake=Product 2 check infinitive AI's answers always property vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Theme 3 answer AI nom answer «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 4 That picture was made by AI, not a camera.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct advmod det obl punct root That DET picture NOUN was AUX made VERB by ADP AI NOUN , PUNCT not PART a DET camera NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 That that DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 2 picture det 2 picture picture NOUN Number=Sing 4 made nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 made aux:pass 4 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 by by ADP _ 6 AI case 6 AI ai NOUN Number=Sing 4 made obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 camera punct 8 not not PART Polarity=Neg 10 camera advmod 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 camera det 10 camera camera NOUN Number=Sing 4 made obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past · passive AI that picture a camera obl vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product
Example 5 Don't tell an AI chatbot your address or password.
aux advmod det compound obj nmod:poss obj cc conj punct root Do AUX n't PART tell VERB an DET AI NOUN chatbot NOUN your PRON address NOUN or CCONJ password NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 tell aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 tell advmod 3 tell tell VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 chatbot det 5 AI ai NOUN Number=Sing 6 chatbot compound 6 chatbot chatbot NOUN Number=Sing 3 tell obj 7 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 address nmod:poss 8 address address NOUN Number=Sing 6 chatbot obj 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 password cc 10 password password NOUN Number=Sing 8 address conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 tell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not tell speech: assert imperative · do-support you not said here a AI chatbot vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent chatbot=Recipient 2 address your nom address «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 6 In the story, a friendly AI helps the crew fly the spaceship.
case det obl punct det amod nsubj det obj xcomp det obj punct root In ADP the DET story NOUN , PUNCT a DET friendly ADJ AI NOUN helps VERB the DET crew NOUN fly VERB the DET spaceship NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 story case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 story det 3 story story NOUN Number=Sing 8 helps obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 story punct 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 AI det 6 friendly friendly ADJ Degree=Pos 7 AI amod 7 AI ai NOUN Number=Sing 8 helps nsubj 8 helps help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 crew det 10 crew crew NOUN Number=Sing 8 helps obj 11 fly fly VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 helps xcomp 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 spaceship det 13 spaceship spaceship NOUN Number=Sing 11 fly obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 8 helps punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help present a friendly AI the crew the story vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent crew=Beneficiary clause=Theme 2 fly infinitive the crew not said here the spaceship vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location spaceship=Theme
Example 7 The ai is a sloth that lives in the rainforest.
det nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl case det obl punct root The DET ai NOUN is AUX a DET sloth NOUN that PRON lives VERB in ADP the DET rainforest NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 ai det 2 ai ai NOUN Number=Sing 5 sloth nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 sloth cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 sloth det 5 sloth sloth NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 lives nsubj 7 lives live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 sloth acl:relcl 8 in in ADP _ 10 rainforest case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 rainforest det 10 rainforest rainforest NOUN Number=Sing 7 lives obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 sloth punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the ai a sloth tree rules 2 live present a sloth the rainforest vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in rainforest=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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