aloof

Who acts: Aloof, new boy, boy, Cats, you, She · What happens: mean, keep away, not join in, keep, not get, stay · To what, where: something, Cats, silly argument, him, someone, wrongs · Speech: someone speaks here

«aloof» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: aloof in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Aloof means unfriendly and distant, keeping away from other people and not joining in.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Aloof	aloof	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 means	nsubj
2	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	unfriendly	unfriendly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 means	xcomp
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 distant	cc
5	distant	distant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 unfriendly	conj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 keeping	punct
7	keeping	keep	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 means	parataxis
8	away	away	ADV	_	7 keeping	advmod
9	from	from	ADP	_	11 people	case
10	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 people	amod
11	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 keeping	obl
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 joining	cc
13	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	14 joining	advmod
14	joining	join	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 keeping	conj
15	in	in	ADP	_	14 joining	compound:prt
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Aloof	unfriendly property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
2	keep away	gerund		from other people; away property	vn forbid-64.4 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer from people=Eventuality
3	not join in	gerund			vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Keeping apart from something on purpose, not getting involved, as in «stay aloof from the argument».

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Keeping	keep	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	apart	apart	ADV	_	1 Keeping	advmod
3	from	from	ADP	_	4 something	case
4	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	1 Keeping	obl
5	on	on	ADP	_	6 purpose	case
6	purpose	purpose	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Keeping	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 getting	punct
8	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 getting	advmod
9	getting	get	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Keeping	conj
10	involved	involved	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 getting	xcomp
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 stay	punct
12	as	as	SCONJ	_	15 stay	mark
13	in	in	ADP	_	12 as	fixed
14	«	«	PUNCT	_	15 stay	punct
15	stay	stay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 getting	advcl
16	aloof	aloof	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 stay	xcomp
17	from	from	ADP	_	19 argument	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 argument	det
19	argument	argument	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 aloof	obl
20	»	»	PUNCT	_	9 getting	punct
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Keeping	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	where	other	roles by
1	keep	gerund	something	on purpose; apart property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent on purpose=Location
2	not get	gerund		involved property	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
3	stay in a quote	infinitive		aloof property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 1

The new boy seemed aloof, but really he was shy.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 boy	det
2	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 boy	amod
3	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 seemed	nsubj
4	seemed	seem	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	aloof	aloof	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 seemed	xcomp
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 shy	punct
7	but	but	CCONJ	_	11 shy	cc
8	really	really	ADV	_	11 shy	advmod
9	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 shy	nsubj
10	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 shy	cop
11	shy	shy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 seemed	parataxis
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 seemed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	seem	past	the new boy					aloof property	vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme
2	is	past	boy					shy property	tree rules

Example 2

Cats can be aloof and walk off when you call them.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 aloof	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 aloof	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 aloof	cop
4	aloof	aloof	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 walk	cc
6	walk	walk	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 aloof	conj
7	off	off	ADP	_	6 walk	compound:prt
8	when	when	SCONJ	_	10 call	mark
9	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	10 call	nsubj
10	call	call	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 walk	advcl
11	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 call	obj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 aloof	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	can	Cats		aloof property	tree rules
2	walk off	infinitive	Cats not said here			vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	call	present	you	Cats = cat		vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient

Example 3

She stayed aloof from the silly argument.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 stayed	nsubj
2	stayed	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	aloof	aloof	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 stayed	xcomp
4	from	from	ADP	_	7 argument	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 argument	det
6	silly	silly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 argument	amod
7	argument	argument	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 stayed	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 stayed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stay	past	She			the silly argument		aloof property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 4

The princess was cold and aloof with the servants.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 princess	det
2	princess	princess	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cold	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 cold	cop
4	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 aloof	cc
6	aloof	aloof	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 cold	conj
7	with	with	ADP	_	9 servants	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 servants	det
9	servants	servant	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 aloof	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 cold	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the princess					cold property	tree rules
2	be		the princess not said here					with the servants	tree rules

Example 5

He looks aloof, but he is kind once you know him.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 looks	nsubj
2	looks	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	aloof	aloof	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 looks	xcomp
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 kind	punct
5	but	but	CCONJ	_	8 kind	cc
6	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 kind	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 kind	cop
8	kind	kind	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 looks	conj
9	once	once	SCONJ	_	11 know	mark
10	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	11 know	nsubj
11	know	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 kind	advcl
12	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 know	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 looks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	look	present	He		aloof property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
2	is	present	he		kind property	tree rules
3	know	present	you	him = he		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus

Example 6

Don't judge someone as aloof too quickly.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Do	do	AUX	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	3 judge	aux
2	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	3 judge	advmod
3	judge	judge	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	3 judge	obj
5	as	as	ADP	_	6 aloof	case
6	aloof	aloof	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 judge	obl
7	too	too	ADV	_	8 quickly	advmod
8	quickly	quickly	ADV	_	3 judge	advmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 judge	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not judge	imperative · do-support	you not said here	someone				as aloof; quickly property	vn judgment-33.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent someone=Theme as aloof=Attribute

Example 7

Ajax alone, who still brooded over his wrongs, held aloof, refusing to converse with Odysseus, and sullenly retired when the hero addressed him.

The tree, 23 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ajax	ajax	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 brooded	parataxis
2	alone	alone	ADV	_	1 Ajax	advmod
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 brooded	punct
4	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 brooded	nsubj
5	still	still	ADV	_	6 brooded	advmod
6	brooded	brood	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	over	over	ADP	_	9 wrongs	case
8	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 wrongs	nmod:poss
9	wrongs	wrong	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 brooded	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 held	punct
11	held	hold	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 wrongs	acl
12	aloof	aloof	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 held	xcomp
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 refusing	punct
14	refusing	refuse	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 brooded	advcl
15	to	to	PART	_	16 converse	mark
16	converse	converse	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	14 refusing	xcomp
17	with	with	ADP	_	18 Odysseus	case
18	Odysseus	Odysseus	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 converse	obl
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 retired	punct
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 retired	cc
21	sullenly	sullenly	ADV	_	22 retired	advmod
22	retired	retired	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 brooded	parataxis
23	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	26 addressed	advmod
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 hero	det
25	hero	hero	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 addressed	nsubj
26	addressed	address	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	22 retired	advcl
27	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 addressed	obj
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 brooded	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	brood	past				his wrongs	still		vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	hold	participle		his wrongs not said here				aloof property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	refuse	gerund							vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
4	not converse speech: other	to-infinitive						with Odysseus	vn chit_chat-37.6 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with odysseus=Co-Agent
5	address	past	the hero		Odysseus				vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Destination

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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