annual Who acts: plant, thick book, school, annual rainfall, Marigolds, we · What happens: happen, grow, die, come out, have, be · To what, where: flowers, 600 mm, annuals, new ones, 120 dollars, 10 dollars · Speech: someone speaks here
«annual» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: annual in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Happening once every year: our annual sports day.
advmod det obl:unmarked punct nmod:poss amod compound obl punct root Happening VERB once ADV every DET year NOUN : PUNCT our PRON annual ADJ sports NOUN day NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Happening happen VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 2 once once ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 1 Happening advmod 3 every every DET PronType=Tot 4 year det 4 year year NOUN Number=Sing 2 once obl:unmarked 5 : : PUNCT _ 9 day punct 6 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 day nmod:poss 7 annual annual ADJ Degree=Pos 9 day amod 8 sports sport NOUN Number=Plur 9 day compound 9 day day NOUN Number=Sing 1 Happening obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Happening punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 happen gerund day once property vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 For a whole year: annual rainfall, annual salary.
case det amod obl punct amod punct amod conj punct root For ADP a DET whole ADJ year NOUN : PUNCT annual ADJ rainfall NOUN , PUNCT annual ADJ salary NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 For for ADP _ 4 year case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 year det 3 whole whole ADJ Degree=Pos 4 year amod 4 year year NOUN Number=Sing 7 rainfall obl 5 : : PUNCT _ 7 rainfall punct 6 annual annual ADJ Degree=Pos 7 rainfall amod 7 rainfall rainfall NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 salary punct 9 annual annual ADJ Degree=Pos 10 salary amod 10 salary salary NOUN Number=Sing 7 rainfall conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 rainfall punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 3 Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.
A plant that grows, flowers and dies in one year.
det nsubj nsubj punct obl cc conj case nummod obl punct root A DET plant NOUN that PRON grows VERB , PUNCT flowers NOUN and CCONJ dies VERB in ADP one NUM year NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 plant det 2 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 4 grows nsubj 3 that that PRON PronType=Rel 4 grows nsubj 4 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 flowers punct 6 flowers flower NOUN Number=Plur 4 grows obl 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 dies cc 8 dies die VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 grows conj 9 in in ADP _ 11 year case 10 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 11 year nummod 11 year year NOUN Number=Sing 8 dies obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 grows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow present a plant flowers vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 die present a plant not said here year vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
Meaning 4 Usage: noun, UK — kept apart, not parsed.
A thick book for children, often with comics and puzzles, that comes out once a year.
The tree, 16 words det amod nsubj case nmod punct advmod case conj cc conj punct nsubj compound:prt advmod det obl:unmarked punct root A DET thick ADJ book NOUN for ADP children NOUN , PUNCT often ADV with ADP comics NOUN and CCONJ puzzles NOUN , PUNCT that PRON comes VERB out ADP once ADV a DET year NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 book det 2 thick thick ADJ Degree=Pos 3 book amod 3 book book NOUN Number=Sing 14 comes nsubj 4 for for ADP _ 5 children case 5 children child NOUN Number=Plur 3 book nmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 comics punct 7 often often ADV _ 9 comics advmod 8 with with ADP _ 9 comics case 9 comics comic NOUN Number=Plur 5 children conj 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 puzzles cc 11 puzzles puzzle NOUN Number=Plur 5 children conj 12 , , PUNCT _ 14 comes punct 13 that that PRON PronType=Rel 14 comes nsubj 14 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 15 out out ADP _ 14 comes compound:prt 16 once once ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 14 comes advmod 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 year det 18 year year NOUN Number=Sing 16 once obl:unmarked 19 . . PUNCT _ 14 comes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come out present a thick book for children and comics and puzzles once property vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient
Example 1 Our school has an annual sports day.
nmod:poss nsubj det amod compound obj punct root Our PRON school NOUN has VERB an DET annual ADJ sports NOUN day NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 school nmod:poss 2 school school NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 day det 5 annual annual ADJ Degree=Pos 7 day amod 6 sports sport NOUN Number=Plur 7 day compound 7 day day NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Our school day vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 2 The annual rainfall here is about 600 mm.
det amod nsubj advmod cop advmod nummod punct root The DET annual ADJ rainfall NOUN here ADV is AUX about ADV 600 NUM mm NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 rainfall det 2 annual annual ADJ Degree=Pos 3 rainfall amod 3 rainfall rainfall NOUN Number=Sing 8 mm nsubj 4 here here ADV PronType=Dem 3 rainfall advmod 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 mm cop 6 about about ADV _ 7 600 advmod 7 600 600 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 mm nummod 8 mm mm NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 mm punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the annual rainfall 600 mm tree rules
Example 3 Marigolds are annuals, so we plant new ones each spring.
nsubj cop punct advmod nsubj acl:relcl amod obj det obl:unmarked punct root Marigolds NOUN are AUX annuals NOUN , PUNCT so ADV we PRON plant VERB new ADJ ones NOUN each DET spring NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Marigolds marigold NOUN Number=Plur 3 annuals nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 annuals cop 3 annuals annual NOUN Number=Plur root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 7 plant punct 5 so so ADV _ 7 plant advmod 6 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 7 plant nsubj 7 plant plant VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 annuals acl:relcl 8 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 9 ones amod 9 ones one NOUN Number=Plur 7 plant obj 10 each each DET PronType=Tot 11 spring det 11 spring spring NOUN Number=Sing 7 plant obl:unmarked 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 annuals punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Marigolds annuals tree rules 2 plant present we new ones spring vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Patient
Example 4 An annual ticket costs 120 dollars, which is 10 dollars a month.
det amod nsubj nummod obj punct nsubj cop nummod acl:relcl det nmod:unmarked punct root An DET annual ADJ ticket NOUN costs VERB 120 NUM dollars NOUN , PUNCT which PRON is AUX 10 NUM dollars NOUN a DET month NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 ticket det 2 annual annual ADJ Degree=Pos 3 ticket amod 3 ticket ticket NOUN Number=Sing 4 costs nsubj 4 costs cost VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 120 120 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 dollars nummod 6 dollars dollar NOUN Number=Plur 4 costs obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 11 dollars punct 8 which which PRON PronType=Rel 11 dollars nsubj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 dollars cop 10 10 10 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 11 dollars nummod 11 dollars dollar NOUN Number=Plur 6 dollars acl:relcl 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 month det 13 month month NOUN Number=Sing 11 dollars nmod:unmarked 14 . . PUNCT _ 4 costs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cost present a annual ticket 120 dollars vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme dollar=Value 2 is a present 120 dollars 10 dollars month tree rules
Example 5 Grandad gave me a comic annual for my birthday.
nsubj iobj det amod obj case nmod:poss obl punct root Grandad PROPN gave VERB me PRON a DET comic ADJ annual NOUN for ADP my PRON birthday NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandad Grandad PROPN Number=Sing 2 gave nsubj 2 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 gave iobj 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 annual det 5 comic comic ADJ Degree=Pos 6 annual amod 6 annual annual NOUN Number=Sing 2 gave obj 7 for for ADP _ 9 birthday case 8 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 birthday nmod:poss 9 birthday birthday NOUN Number=Sing 2 gave obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past Grandad a comic annual me for my birthday vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent i=Recipient annual=Theme for birthday=Asset
Example 6 The dog has its annual check-up at the vet.
det nsubj nmod:poss amod obj punct compound case det obl punct root The DET dog NOUN has VERB its PRON annual ADJ check NOUN - PUNCT up ADP at ADP the DET vet NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 dog det 2 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 check nmod:poss 5 annual annual ADJ Degree=Pos 6 check amod 6 check check NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 7 - - PUNCT _ 8 up punct 8 up up ADP _ 6 check compound 9 at at ADP _ 11 vet case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 vet det 11 vet vet NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the dog dog's annual check the vet vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent check=Patient 2 check dog nom check «possession intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 7 (formal) Ascertain the annual total from the monthly figures.
punct nsubj punct det amod obj case det amod obl punct root ( PUNCT formal ADJ ) PUNCT Ascertain VERB the DET annual ADJ total NOUN from ADP the DET monthly ADJ figures NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 formal punct 2 formal formal ADJ Degree=Pos 4 Ascertain nsubj 3 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 formal punct 4 Ascertain ascertain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 total det 6 annual annual ADJ Degree=Pos 7 total amod 7 total total NOUN Number=Sing 4 Ascertain obj 8 from from ADP _ 11 figures case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 figures det 10 monthly monthly ADJ Degree=Pos 11 figures amod 11 figures figure NOUN Number=Plur 4 Ascertain obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 Ascertain punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ascertain present formal the annual total the monthly figures vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent total=Topic
Example 8 Annual festivals, called Veneralia, were held in her honour, and the month of April, when flowers and plants spring forth afresh, was sacred to her.
The tree, 25 words amod nsubj:pass punct acl xcomp punct aux:pass case nmod:poss obl punct cc det nsubj case nmod punct mark nsubj cc conj acl:relcl advmod xcomp punct cop advcl case obl punct root Annual ADJ festivals NOUN , PUNCT called VERB Veneralia PROPN , PUNCT were AUX held VERB in ADP her PRON honour NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ the DET month NOUN of ADP April PROPN , PUNCT when SCONJ flowers NOUN and CCONJ plants NOUN spring VERB forth ADV afresh ADJ , PUNCT was AUX sacred ADJ to ADP her PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Annual annual ADJ Degree=Pos 2 festivals amod 2 festivals festival NOUN Number=Plur 8 held nsubj:pass 3 , , PUNCT _ 4 called punct 4 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 festivals acl 5 Veneralia Veneralia PROPN Number=Sing 4 called xcomp 6 , , PUNCT _ 2 festivals punct 7 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 held aux:pass 8 held hold VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 9 in in ADP _ 11 honour case 10 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 honour nmod:poss 11 honour honour NOUN Number=Sing 8 held obl 12 , , PUNCT _ 28 sacred punct 13 and and CCONJ _ 28 sacred cc 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 month det 15 month month NOUN Number=Sing 28 sacred nsubj 16 of of ADP _ 17 April case 17 April April PROPN Number=Sing 15 month nmod 18 , , PUNCT _ 23 spring punct 19 when when SCONJ _ 23 spring mark 20 flowers flower NOUN Number=Plur 23 spring nsubj 21 and and CCONJ _ 22 plants cc 22 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 20 flowers conj 23 spring spring VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 month acl:relcl 24 forth forth ADV _ 25 afresh advmod 25 afresh afresh ADJ Degree=Pos 23 spring xcomp 26 , , PUNCT _ 15 month punct 27 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 28 sacred cop 28 sacred sacred ADJ Degree=Pos 8 held advcl 29 to to ADP _ 30 her case 30 her she PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 28 sacred obl 31 . . PUNCT _ 8 held punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call participle Annual festivals not said here vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 hold past · passive Annual festivals Veneralia's honour vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in honour=Location 3 spring present flowers and plants afresh property vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 is past the month of April Veneralia sacred property tree rules 5 honour Veneralia nom honour «state transitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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