arctic Who acts: Arctic, Polar bears, Arctic fox, Arctic summer days, It, Arctic tern · What happens: be, mean, live, cover, turn, have · To what, where: cold area, North Pole, Arctic, Arctic Ocean, sunlight, coat
«arctic» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: arctic in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 The Arctic is the very cold area around the North Pole, including the Arctic Ocean and the northern parts of Canada, Alaska (USA), Greenland, Norway, Russia and other lands.
The tree, 29 words det nsubj cop det advmod amod case det compound nmod punct case det compound parataxis cc det amod conj case nmod punct conj punct appos punct punct conj punct conj punct conj cc amod conj punct root The DET Arctic PROPN is AUX the DET very ADV cold ADJ area NOUN around ADP the DET North PROPN Pole PROPN , PUNCT including ADP the DET Arctic PROPN Ocean PROPN and CCONJ the DET northern ADJ parts NOUN of ADP Canada PROPN , PUNCT Alaska PROPN ( PUNCT USA PROPN ) PUNCT , PUNCT Greenland PROPN , PUNCT Norway PROPN , PUNCT Russia PROPN and CCONJ other ADJ lands NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Arctic det 2 Arctic Arctic PROPN Number=Sing 7 area nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 area cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 area det 5 very very ADV _ 6 cold advmod 6 cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos 7 area amod 7 area area NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 around around ADP _ 11 Pole case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 Pole det 10 North North PROPN Number=Sing 11 Pole compound 11 Pole Pole PROPN Number=Sing 7 area nmod 12 , , PUNCT _ 16 Ocean punct 13 including including ADP _ 16 Ocean case 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 Ocean det 15 Arctic Arctic PROPN Number=Sing 16 Ocean compound 16 Ocean Ocean PROPN Number=Sing 7 area parataxis 17 and and CCONJ _ 20 parts cc 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 20 parts det 19 northern northern ADJ Degree=Pos 20 parts amod 20 parts part NOUN Number=Plur 16 Ocean conj 21 of of ADP _ 22 Canada case 22 Canada Canada PROPN Number=Sing 20 parts nmod 23 , , PUNCT _ 24 Alaska punct 24 Alaska Alaska PROPN Number=Sing 22 Canada conj 25 ( ( PUNCT _ 26 USA punct 26 USA USA PROPN Number=Sing 24 Alaska appos 27 ) ) PUNCT _ 26 USA punct 28 , , PUNCT _ 29 Greenland punct 29 Greenland Greenland PROPN Number=Sing 22 Canada conj 30 , , PUNCT _ 31 Norway punct 31 Norway Norway PROPN Number=Sing 22 Canada conj 32 , , PUNCT _ 33 Russia punct 33 Russia Russia PROPN Number=Sing 22 Canada conj 34 and and CCONJ _ 36 lands cc 35 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 36 lands amod 36 lands land NOUN Number=Plur 22 Canada conj 37 . . PUNCT _ 7 area punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the Arctic the cold area the North Pole tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Arctic (adjective) means from or about the Arctic.
nsubj punct appos punct case cc case det obl punct root Arctic ADJ ( PUNCT adjective NOUN ) PUNCT means VERB from ADP or CCONJ about ADP the DET Arctic PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Arctic arctic ADJ Degree=Pos 5 means nsubj 2 ( ( PUNCT _ 3 adjective punct 3 adjective adjective NOUN Number=Sing 1 Arctic appos 4 ) ) PUNCT _ 3 adjective punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 from from ADP _ 10 Arctic case 7 or or CCONJ _ 10 Arctic cc 8 about about ADP _ 10 Arctic case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 Arctic det 10 Arctic Arctic PROPN Number=Sing 5 means obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Arctic the Arctic vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 Arctic (informal) means extremely cold.
nsubj punct conj punct advmod xcomp punct root Arctic ADJ ( PUNCT informal ADJ ) PUNCT means VERB extremely ADV cold ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Arctic arctic ADJ Degree=Pos 5 means nsubj 2 ( ( PUNCT _ 3 informal punct 3 informal informal ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Arctic conj 4 ) ) PUNCT _ 3 informal punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 extremely extremely ADV _ 7 cold advmod 7 cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos 5 means xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Arctic cold property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
Example 1 Polar bears live in the Arctic.
amod nsubj case det obl punct root Polar ADJ bears NOUN live VERB in ADP the DET Arctic PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Polar polar ADJ Degree=Pos 2 bears amod 2 bears bear NOUN Number=Plur 3 live nsubj 3 live live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 6 Arctic case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 Arctic det 6 Arctic Arctic PROPN Number=Sing 3 live obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 live punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present Polar bears the Arctic vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in arctic=Location
Example 2 The Arctic Ocean is covered in ice for much of the year.
det compound nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl case obl case det nmod punct root The DET Arctic PROPN Ocean PROPN is AUX covered VERB in ADP ice NOUN for ADP much ADJ of ADP the DET year NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 Ocean det 2 Arctic Arctic PROPN Number=Sing 3 Ocean compound 3 Ocean Ocean PROPN Number=Sing 5 covered nsubj:pass 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 covered aux:pass 5 covered cover VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 in in ADP _ 7 ice case 7 ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 5 covered obl 8 for for ADP _ 9 much case 9 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 5 covered obl 10 of of ADP _ 12 year case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 year det 12 year year NOUN Number=Sing 9 much nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 covered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cover present · passive the Arctic Ocean for much of the year; in ice vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in ice=Theme
Example 3 The Arctic fox turns white in winter.
det amod nsubj xcomp case obl punct root The DET Arctic ADJ fox NOUN turns VERB white ADJ in ADP winter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 fox det 2 Arctic arctic ADJ Degree=Pos 3 fox amod 3 fox fox NOUN Number=Sing 4 turns nsubj 4 turns turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 4 turns xcomp 6 in in ADP _ 7 winter case 7 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 4 turns obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 turns punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn present the Arctic fox winter white property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 Some Arctic summer days have sunlight at midnight.
det amod compound nsubj obj case obl punct root Some DET Arctic ADJ summer NOUN days NOUN have VERB sunlight NOUN at ADP midnight NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 4 days det 2 Arctic arctic ADJ Degree=Pos 4 days amod 3 summer summer NOUN Number=Sing 4 days compound 4 days day NOUN Number=Plur 5 have nsubj 5 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 sunlight sunlight NOUN Number=Sing 5 have obj 7 at at ADP _ 8 midnight case 8 midnight midnight NOUN Number=Sing 5 have obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present some Arctic summer days sunlight midnight vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sunlight=Patient
Example 5 It's arctic outside — wear your coat!
nsubj cop advmod punct parataxis nmod:poss obj punct root It PRON 's AUX arctic ADJ outside ADV — PUNCT wear VERB your PRON coat NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 arctic nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 arctic cop 3 arctic arctic ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 outside outside ADV _ 3 arctic advmod 5 — - PUNCT _ 6 wear punct 6 wear wear VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 arctic parataxis 7 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 coat nmod:poss 8 coat coat NOUN Number=Sing 6 wear obj 9 ! ! PUNCT _ 3 arctic punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present It arctic, outside property tree rules 2 wear infinitive your coat vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent coat=Theme
Example 6 The Arctic tern flies from the Arctic to the Antarctic.
det amod nsubj case det obl case det obl punct root The DET Arctic ADJ tern NOUN flies VERB from ADP the DET Arctic PROPN to ADP the DET Antarctic PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 tern det 2 Arctic arctic ADJ Degree=Pos 3 tern amod 3 tern tern NOUN Number=Sing 4 flies nsubj 4 flies fly VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 from from ADP _ 7 Arctic case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 Arctic det 7 Arctic Arctic PROPN Number=Sing 4 flies obl 8 to to ADP _ 10 Antarctic case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 Antarctic det 10 Antarctic Antarctic PROPN Number=Sing 4 flies obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 flies punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fly present the Arctic tern the Antarctic the Arctic vn drive-11.5-1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent from arctic=Initial_Location to antarctic=Destination
Example 7 For they saw at once that it was the great white Arctic moth.
mark nsubj case obl mark nsubj cop det amod amod amod xcomp punct root For SCONJ they PRON saw VERB at ADP once ADV that SCONJ it PRON was AUX the DET great ADJ white ADJ Arctic ADJ moth NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 For for SCONJ _ 3 saw mark 2 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 saw nsubj 3 saw see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 at at ADP _ 5 once case 5 once once ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 3 saw obl 6 that that SCONJ _ 13 moth mark 7 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 moth nsubj 8 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 13 moth cop 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 moth det 10 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 13 moth amod 11 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 13 moth amod 12 Arctic arctic ADJ Degree=Pos 13 moth amod 13 moth moth NOUN Number=Sing 3 saw xcomp 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 saw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see past they vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 2 is a past it the great white Arctic moth tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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