asthma Who acts: illness, lungs, breathing, person, friend, Cold air · What happens: make, become, be, cough, wheeze, feel · To what, where: small air tubes, tight chest, asthma, inhaler, teacher, puffer · Speech: someone speaks here
«asthma» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: asthma in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 An illness that makes the small air tubes in the lungs become narrow, so that breathing is hard and a person may cough, wheeze and feel a tight chest.
The tree, 29 words det nsubj acl:relcl det amod compound obj case det nsubj acl:relcl xcomp punct mark fixed nsubj cop parataxis cc det nsubj aux conj punct conj cc conj det amod obj punct root An DET illness NOUN that PRON makes VERB the DET small ADJ air NOUN tubes NOUN in ADP the DET lungs NOUN become VERB narrow ADJ , PUNCT so SCONJ that SCONJ breathing NOUN is AUX hard ADJ and CCONJ a DET person NOUN may AUX cough VERB , PUNCT wheeze VERB and CCONJ feel VERB a DET tight ADJ chest NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 illness det 2 illness illness NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 that that PRON PronType=Rel 4 makes nsubj 4 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 illness acl:relcl 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 tubes det 6 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 8 tubes amod 7 air air NOUN Number=Sing 8 tubes compound 8 tubes tube NOUN Number=Plur 4 makes obj 9 in in ADP _ 11 lungs case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 lungs det 11 lungs lung NOUN Number=Plur 12 become nsubj 12 become become VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 tubes acl:relcl 13 narrow narrow ADJ Degree=Pos 12 become xcomp 14 , , PUNCT _ 19 hard punct 15 so so SCONJ ExtPos=SCONJ 19 hard mark 16 that that SCONJ _ 15 so fixed 17 breathing breathing NOUN Number=Sing 19 hard nsubj 18 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 19 hard cop 19 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 4 makes parataxis 20 and and CCONJ _ 24 cough cc 21 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 22 person det 22 person person NOUN Number=Sing 24 cough nsubj 23 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 24 cough aux 24 cough cough VERB VerbForm=Inf 19 hard conj 25 , , PUNCT _ 26 wheeze punct 26 wheeze wheeze VERB VerbForm=Inf 24 cough conj 27 and and CCONJ _ 28 feel cc 28 feel feel VERB VerbForm=Inf 24 cough conj 29 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 31 chest det 30 tight tight ADJ Degree=Pos 31 chest amod 31 chest chest NOUN Number=Sing 28 feel obj 32 . . PUNCT _ 2 illness punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present a illness the small air tubes vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset tube=Product 2 become present the lungs the small air tubes not said here narrow property vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Patient tube=Result 3 is present breathing hard property tree rules 4 cough may a person vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 5 wheeze infinitive a person not said here vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent 6 feel infinitive a person not said here a tight chest vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chest=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 My friend has asthma and carries an inhaler.
nmod:poss nsubj obj cc conj det obj punct root My PRON friend NOUN has VERB asthma NOUN and CCONJ carries VERB an DET inhaler NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 friend nmod:poss 2 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 asthma asthma NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 carries cc 6 carries carry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 has conj 7 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 inhaler det 8 inhaler inhaler NOUN Number=Sing 6 carries obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present My friend asthma vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent asthma=Patient 2 carry present My friend not said here a inhaler vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent inhaler=Theme
Example 2 Cold air can bring on her asthma.
amod nsubj aux case nmod:poss obl punct root Cold ADJ air NOUN can AUX bring VERB on ADP her PRON asthma NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos 2 air amod 2 air air NOUN Number=Sing 4 bring nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 bring aux 4 bring bring VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 on on ADP _ 7 asthma case 6 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 asthma nmod:poss 7 asthma asthma NOUN Number=Sing 4 bring obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 bring punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bring can Cold air air's asthma vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on asthma=Destination
Example 3 During an asthma attack it is hard to breathe.
case det compound obl expl cop mark xcomp punct root During ADP an DET asthma NOUN attack NOUN it PRON is AUX hard ADJ to PART breathe VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 During during ADP _ 4 attack case 2 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 attack det 3 asthma asthma NOUN Number=Sing 4 attack compound 4 attack attack NOUN Number=Sing 7 hard obl 5 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 hard expl 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 hard cop 7 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos root root 8 to to PART _ 9 breathe mark 9 breathe breathe VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 hard xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 hard punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present during a asthma attack hard property tree rules 2 breathe to-infinitive vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 Tell a teacher at once if someone cannot breathe.
det obj case obl mark nsubj aux advmod advcl punct root Tell VERB a DET teacher NOUN at ADP once ADV if SCONJ someone PRON can AUX not PART breathe VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tell tell VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 teacher det 3 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 1 Tell obj 4 at at ADP _ 5 once case 5 once once ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 1 Tell obl 6 if if SCONJ _ 10 breathe mark 7 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 10 breathe nsubj 8 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 breathe aux 9 not not PART Polarity=Neg 10 breathe advmod 10 breathe breathe VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Tell advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 1 Tell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tell speech: assert imperative you not said here a teacher vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent teacher=Recipient 2 not breathe a condition, not said to happen can someone vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 5 He uses his puffer before running.
nsubj nmod:poss obj mark advcl punct root He PRON uses VERB his PRON puffer NOUN before SCONJ running VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 uses nsubj 2 uses use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 puffer nmod:poss 4 puffer puffer NOUN Number=Sing 2 uses obj 5 before before SCONJ _ 6 running mark 6 running run VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 uses advcl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 uses punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use present He his puffer vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent puffer=Patient 2 run gerund He not said here vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 Smoke is bad for people with asthma.
nsubj cop case obl case nmod punct root Smoke NOUN is AUX bad ADJ for ADP people NOUN with ADP asthma NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Smoke smoke NOUN Number=Sing 3 bad nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 bad cop 3 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 for for ADP _ 5 people case 5 people people NOUN Number=Plur 3 bad obl 6 with with ADP _ 7 asthma case 7 asthma asthma NOUN Number=Sing 5 people nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 bad punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Smoke for people with asthma; bad property tree rules
Example 7 I forgot to tell you that the Shark was suffering from asthma, so that whenever he breathed a storm seemed to blow.
The tree, 22 words nsubj mark xcomp iobj mark det nsubj aux advcl case obl punct mark fixed advmod nsubj conj det nsubj ccomp mark xcomp punct root I PRON forgot VERB to PART tell VERB you PRON that SCONJ the DET Shark PROPN was AUX suffering VERB from ADP asthma NOUN , PUNCT so SCONJ that SCONJ whenever ADV he PRON breathed VERB a DET storm NOUN seemed VERB to PART blow VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 forgot nsubj 2 forgot forget VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 tell mark 4 tell tell VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 forgot xcomp 5 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 tell iobj 6 that that SCONJ _ 10 suffering mark 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 Shark det 8 Shark Shark PROPN Number=Sing 10 suffering nsubj 9 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 suffering aux 10 suffering suffer VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 tell advcl 11 from from ADP _ 12 asthma case 12 asthma asthma NOUN Number=Sing 10 suffering obl 13 , , PUNCT _ 18 breathed punct 14 so so SCONJ ExtPos=SCONJ 18 breathed mark 15 that that SCONJ _ 14 so fixed 16 whenever whenever ADV PronType=Rel 18 breathed advmod 17 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 18 breathed nsubj 18 breathed breathe VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 forgot conj 19 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 20 storm det 20 storm storm NOUN Number=Sing 21 seemed nsubj 21 seemed seem VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 18 breathed ccomp 22 to to PART _ 23 blow mark 23 blow blow VERB VerbForm=Inf 21 seemed xcomp 24 . . PUNCT _ 2 forgot punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 forget past I tree rules 2 not tell speech: assert to-infinitive I not said here you vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent you=Recipient 3 suffer past · progressive the Shark asthma vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 4 breathe past Shark whenever property tree rules 5 seem past a storm vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute 6 blow to-infinitive a storm not said here vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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