astronomer Who acts: astronomer, scientist, amateur astronomer, person, Galileo, Astronomers · What happens: be, study, watch, look, find, name · To what, where: scientist, stars, space, person, night sky, famous Italian astronomer · Speech: someone speaks here
«astronomer» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: astronomer in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 An astronomer is a scientist who studies the stars, planets, moons, comets, galaxies and everything else in space.
The tree, 18 words det nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl det obj punct conj punct conj punct conj punct conj cc conj advmod case obl punct root An DET astronomer NOUN is AUX a DET scientist NOUN who PRON studies VERB the DET stars NOUN , PUNCT planets NOUN , PUNCT moons NOUN , PUNCT comets NOUN , PUNCT galaxies NOUN and CCONJ everything PRON else ADV in ADP space NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 astronomer det 2 astronomer astronomer NOUN Number=Sing 5 scientist nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 scientist cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 scientist det 5 scientist scientist NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 who who PRON PronType=Rel 7 studies nsubj 7 studies study VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 scientist acl:relcl 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 stars det 9 stars star NOUN Number=Plur 7 studies obj 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 planets punct 11 planets planet NOUN Number=Plur 9 stars conj 12 , , PUNCT _ 13 moons punct 13 moons moon NOUN Number=Plur 9 stars conj 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 comets punct 15 comets comet NOUN Number=Plur 9 stars conj 16 , , PUNCT _ 17 galaxies punct 17 galaxies galaxy NOUN Number=Plur 9 stars conj 18 and and CCONJ _ 19 everything cc 19 everything everything PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 9 stars conj 20 else else ADV _ 19 everything advmod 21 in in ADP _ 22 space case 22 space space NOUN Number=Sing 7 studies obl 23 . . PUNCT _ 5 scientist punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a astronomer a scientist tree rules 2 study present a scientist the stars and planets and moons and comets and galaxies space vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent star=Topic
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 An amateur astronomer is a person who watches the night sky as a hobby, often with a telescope.
The tree, 18 words det compound nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl det compound obj case det obl punct advmod case det obl punct root An DET amateur NOUN astronomer NOUN is AUX a DET person NOUN who PRON watches VERB the DET night NOUN sky NOUN as ADP a DET hobby NOUN , PUNCT often ADV with ADP a DET telescope NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 astronomer det 2 amateur amateur NOUN Number=Sing 3 astronomer compound 3 astronomer astronomer NOUN Number=Sing 6 person nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 person cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 person det 6 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 who who PRON PronType=Rel 8 watches nsubj 8 watches watch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 person acl:relcl 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 sky det 10 night night NOUN Number=Sing 11 sky compound 11 sky sky NOUN Number=Sing 8 watches obj 12 as as ADP _ 14 hobby case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 hobby det 14 hobby hobby NOUN Number=Sing 8 watches obl 15 , , PUNCT _ 19 telescope punct 16 often often ADV _ 19 telescope advmod 17 with with ADP _ 19 telescope case 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 telescope det 19 telescope telescope NOUN Number=Sing 8 watches obl 20 . . PUNCT _ 6 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a amateur astronomer a person tree rules 2 watch present a person the night sky as a hobby; with a telescope vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.value»: agent=Agent sky=Theme as hobby=Value
Example 1 An astronomer studies the stars and planets.
det nsubj det obj cc conj punct root An DET astronomer NOUN studies VERB the DET stars NOUN and CCONJ planets NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 astronomer det 2 astronomer astronomer NOUN Number=Sing 3 studies nsubj 3 studies study VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 stars det 5 stars star NOUN Number=Plur 3 studies obj 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 planets cc 7 planets planet NOUN Number=Plur 5 stars conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 studies punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 study present a astronomer the stars and planets vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent star=Topic
Example 2 Galileo was a famous Italian astronomer.
nsubj cop det amod amod punct root Galileo PROPN was AUX a DET famous ADJ Italian ADJ astronomer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Galileo Galileo PROPN Number=Sing 6 astronomer nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 astronomer cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 astronomer det 4 famous famous ADJ Degree=Pos 6 astronomer amod 5 Italian Italian ADJ Degree=Pos 6 astronomer amod 6 astronomer astronomer NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 astronomer punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past Galileo a famous Italian astronomer tree rules
Example 3 The astronomer looked through a giant telescope.
det nsubj case det amod obl punct root The DET astronomer NOUN looked VERB through ADP a DET giant ADJ telescope NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 astronomer det 2 astronomer astronomer NOUN Number=Sing 3 looked nsubj 3 looked look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 through through ADP _ 7 telescope case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 telescope det 6 giant giant ADJ Degree=Pos 7 telescope amod 7 telescope telescope NOUN Number=Sing 3 looked obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 looked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look past the astronomer through a giant telescope vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent through telescope=Theme
Example 4 Astronomers have found planets around other stars.
nsubj aux obj case amod obl punct root Astronomers NOUN have AUX found VERB planets NOUN around ADP other ADJ stars NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Astronomers astronomer NOUN Number=Plur 3 found nsubj 2 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 found aux 3 found find VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 4 planets planet NOUN Number=Plur 3 found obj 5 around around ADP _ 7 stars case 6 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 7 stars amod 7 stars star NOUN Number=Plur 3 found obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 found punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 find present · perfect Astronomers planets other stars vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent planet=Topic
Example 5 My uncle is an amateur astronomer with his own telescope.
nmod:poss nsubj cop det compound case nmod:poss amod nmod punct root My PRON uncle NOUN is AUX an DET amateur NOUN astronomer NOUN with ADP his PRON own ADJ telescope NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 uncle nmod:poss 2 uncle uncle NOUN Number=Sing 6 astronomer nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 astronomer cop 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 astronomer det 5 amateur amateur NOUN Number=Sing 6 astronomer compound 6 astronomer astronomer NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 with with ADP _ 10 telescope case 8 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 telescope nmod:poss 9 own own ADJ Degree=Pos 10 telescope amod 10 telescope telescope NOUN Number=Sing 6 astronomer nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 astronomer punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present My uncle a amateur astronomer with his own telescope tree rules
Example 6 Astronomers named the new comet after its discoverer.
nsubj det amod obj case nmod:poss obl punct root Astronomers NOUN named VERB the DET new ADJ comet NOUN after ADP its PRON discoverer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Astronomers astronomer NOUN Number=Plur 2 named nsubj 2 named name VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 comet det 4 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 5 comet amod 5 comet comet NOUN Number=Sing 2 named obj 6 after after ADP _ 8 discoverer case 7 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 discoverer nmod:poss 8 discoverer discoverer NOUN Number=Sing 2 named obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 named punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 name past Astronomers the new comet after comet's discoverer vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent comet=Theme
Example 7 The astronomer explained why the Moon changes shape.
det nsubj advmod det nsubj ccomp obj punct root The DET astronomer NOUN explained VERB why ADV the DET Moon PROPN changes VERB shape NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 astronomer det 2 astronomer astronomer NOUN Number=Sing 3 explained nsubj 3 explained explain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 why why ADV PronType=Int 7 changes advmod 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 Moon det 6 Moon Moon PROPN Number=Sing 7 changes nsubj 7 changes change VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 explained ccomp 8 shape shape NOUN Number=Sing 7 changes obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 explained punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 explain speech: assert past the astronomer vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 change present the Moon shape vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shape=Patient
Example 8 I want to be an astronomer when I grow up.
nsubj mark cop det xcomp advmod nsubj advcl compound:prt punct root I PRON want VERB to PART be AUX an DET astronomer NOUN when ADV I PRON grow VERB up ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 want nsubj 2 want want VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 6 astronomer mark 4 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 6 astronomer cop 5 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 astronomer det 6 astronomer astronomer NOUN Number=Sing 2 want xcomp 7 when when ADV PronType=Int 9 grow advmod 8 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 9 grow nsubj 9 grow grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 want advcl 10 up up ADP _ 9 grow compound:prt 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 want punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 want present I vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot 2 is a not said to happen to-infinitive I not said here a astronomer tree rules 3 grow up present I vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 9 AN ASTRONOMER used to go out at night to observe the stars.
amod acl mark xcomp compound:prt case obl mark advcl det obj punct root AN ADJ ASTRONOMER NOUN used VERB to PART go VERB out ADP at ADP night NOUN to PART observe VERB the DET stars NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 AN an ADJ Degree=Pos 2 ASTRONOMER amod 2 ASTRONOMER astronomer NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 ASTRONOMER acl 4 to to PART _ 5 go mark 5 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 used xcomp 6 out out ADP _ 5 go compound:prt 7 at at ADP _ 8 night case 8 night night NOUN Number=Sing 5 go obl 9 to to PART _ 10 observe mark 10 observe observe VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 go advcl 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 stars det 12 stars star NOUN Number=Plur 10 observe obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 ASTRONOMER punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use participle AN ASTRONOMER not said here vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 2 go out to-infinitive night vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 observe to-infinitive the stars vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent star=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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